半干法石膏纤维板工艺研究：Ⅱ.搅拌和铺装均匀性因素分析

石膏和纤维的搅拌和铺装的均匀性对石膏纤维板质量影响很大。试验表明，所采用的搅拌机和铺装机性能良好，搅拌和铺装质量较好，铺装机料仓中料高影响板坯密度的均匀性，料高与板坯密度呈很强的一元线性关系；板密度与ＭＯＲ、ＭＯＥ有较好的一元线性关系，但与ＩＢ线性关系相对较差，板密度增加，ＭＯＲ、ＭＯＥ和ＩＢ也增加。     

南方水稻黑条矮缩病抗病遗传资源与分子机理研究进展

南方水稻黑条矮缩病（Souther rice black-streaked dwarf virus disease, SRBSDVD）是依靠白背飞虱（Sogatella furcifera）为传播介体，由南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒（Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus，SRBSDV）侵染引起的一种水稻病毒病。该病害于 2001 年在我国华南地区首次被发现，随后发生面积不断扩大，危害逐年加重，已成为近年来危害中国南方稻区水稻生产的重要病害之一。白背飞虱迁飞性强、种群数量大、传毒持久等特点，导致化学农药防虫治病效果并不理想，至今还未有可持续和绿色控制 SRBSDVD 的手段。根据病原病毒的爆发性及其传播介体白背飞虱的生物学特性，预计该病害在未来较长的一段时期内将是我国最严重的水稻病害之一，很有可能再次暴发流行。因此，当前生产上急需培育出能够抵御 SRBSDVD 的抗性水稻品种。本文综述了 SRBSDVD 的发病规律、抗病种质资源的收集与评估、抗病基因或数量性状位点（QTL）的精确定位，以及这些抗性基因的分子作用机制，进一步探讨了利用现代分子生物学技术，包括分子标记辅助选择、基因沉默（RNAi）和基因编辑等技术加快 SRBSDVD 抗病品种的选育，可为今后有效控制 SRBSDVD 提供基础。     

Interleukin 1, a mediator of immunoadjuvant peptidoglycans

Bacterial peptidoglycans and the synthetic analog muramyl dipeptide possess various immunomodulating properties (adjuvant effect, increase of resistance to infectious agents and to tumor growth). They are able to induce B cell activation and to stimulate macrophages to produce monokines such as Interleukin 1 (IL 1). IL 1 plays an essential role in immune response. It promotes thymocytes maturation and Interleukin 2 secretion by antigen sensitive T cells, which in turn triggers regulatory T cells. Moreover, it is involved in the proliferation and differentiation of B cells.

There is a correlation between the immunoenhancing effect of PG of a definite structure and their ability to induce IL 1 secretion. Non-adjuvant PG were inactive. This suggests that one of the major mechanisms of action of adjuvant PG could be the stimulation of IL 1 synthesis.     

Effect of suckling intensity on human growth hormone binding, biochemical composition and histological characteristics of ovine mammary glands

Suckling both, or only one contralateral mammary gland during 15 days postpartum was utilized to study lactogenic hormone binding to mammary microsomal membranes and quantitative mammary morphology in ewes. Binding of radiolabeled human growth hormone was specific for lactogenic hormones. Non-radiolabeled human growth hormone, ovine and bovine prolactin and human placental lactogen effectively competed with radiolabeled human growth hormone for binding sites but ovine and bovine growth hormone were completely ineffective. Specific binding of radiolabeled human growth hormone to 600 μg of membrane protein averaged 23 ± 3% in all lactating glands. Neither days postpartum nor treatment of contralateral mammary glands substantially altered hormone binding in lactating glands. Specific human growth hormone binding (6 ± 0.5%) in non-suckled glands (15 days postpartum both udder halves) was significantly lower (P<0.01) than in lactating tissue but only a moderate and variable reduction in specific binding was measured in membranes from glands non-suckled for 15 days but contralateral to a suckled gland (14 ± 4%). Specific binding was approximately doubled in assays with 600 compared with 300 μg of membrane protein and the pattern of binding among variously suckled glands was not changed by treatment of membranes with 4 M MgCl₂ prior to assay. Most secretory cells from all lactating glands had rounded, basally displaced nuclei, apical fat globules, secretory vesicles and abundant densely stained basal cytoplasm (ergastoplasm). Alveolar lumenal area was maximal (50% of tissue area) and stromal tissue area was minimal. After 15 days of non-suckling (both udder halves) mammary cells were engorged with lipid, ergastoplasm was reduced and nuclei were irregularly shaped and randomly displaced compared with lactating tissue. In addition, lumenal area was reduced and stromal tissue more evident. Lack of suckling for 5 days had little apparent effect on mammary cytology. Like lactogenic hormone binding, mammary tissue morphology was only moderately altered by 15 days of non-suckling when the remaining gland was suckled. RNA concentration was lowest (2.1 ± 0.3 mg/g) in mammary tissue from ewes in which neither gland was suckled for 15 days postpartum but non-suckling interval had no significant effect when contralateral glands were suckled. DNA concentration was not significantly influenced by suckling treatments. Relative lactogenic hormone binding closely corresponded to changes in cytological and biochemical indices of secretory cell function.     

福建省桐棉松区域栽培试验

初步试验表明：桐棉松能够适应福建省地理生境且具抗逆性，生长迅速；同当地马尾松生长相比，树高生长差异达极显著水平，地径生长差异达显著水平；在海拔800m以下，海拔因子对树高生长有一定影响，但未达显著水平。     

狂犬病毒RT-PCR检测方法的建立

根据狂犬病毒保守序列设计引物,利用反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)建立了一种检测狂犬病毒的方法,以期实现对严重危及人和动物生命安全的狂犬病毒直接检测。     

Introduced slugs and indigenous caterpillars as facilitators of carbon and nutrient mineralisation on a sub-Antarctic island

Indigenous soil macroinvertebrates (moth larvae, weevil larvae, earthworms) are cardinal agents of nutrient release from litter on sub-Antarctic Marion Island (47°S, 38°′E). Their populations are threatened through predation by introduced house mice, which do not prey on an introduced slug Deroceras panormitanum. A microcosm study was carried out to explore whether slugs affect rates of carbon and inorganic nutrient mineralisation from plant litter differently to an indigenous caterpillar (larva of a flightless moth Pringelophaga marioni). Caterpillars stimulated N, Ca, Mg and K mineralisation from plant litter two to five times more than slugs did, whereas the two invertebrate types stimulated C and P mineralisation to the same degree. Consequently, ratios of C:N and N:P released from the litter were different for slugs and caterpillars. Such differences might affect peat nutrient quality and ultimately the peat accumulation-decomposition balance, an important driver of ecological succession. This suggests that slugs cannot simply replace caterpillars without consequences for ecosystem structure and functioning on the island.     

Comparison of sampling and isolation procedures for recovery of Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:3 from the oral cavity of slaughter pigs

Yersinia enterocolitica serotype 0:3/biotype 4 was isolated from the oral cavity of altogether 32 (68.1 %) of 47 freshly eviscerated slaughter pigs. Most efficient recovery was achieved by cultivation of tissue samples from both tongue and tonsils of the same individual. The isolation rate so obtained was significantly higher than that obtained by separate examination of either tonsil swabs or tongue swabs. However, the isolation frequency achieved by combined swabbing of the 2 sites was not significantly different. In general, tonsils were more productive for the recovery of 0:3 strains than were tongues, and tissue samples yielded higher isolation rates than did swabs. Three-week cold enrichment in a low selective medium proved essential for optimal recovery. However, the highest number of isolates was obtained using a combination of methods, including direct plating and selective enrichment in a modified Rappaport broth in addition to cold enrichment.     

校园网ARP病毒的应对与防范

如何防范与应对ARP病毒现已成为摆在各校园网网络管理者面前的一个厄待解决的技术难题。本文阐述了ARP协议工作的原理，分析了ARP病毒攻击过程，剖析了ARP病毒对网络的危害，并结合校园网络的架构特点给出了ARP病毒防范与应对的方法。     

鸡马立克氏病双价疫苗的研究 Ⅰ.马立克氏病SB-1病毒株在鸡胚皮肤细胞中的培养试验

以简便技术制备鸡胚皮肤(CES)细胞,进而进行了鸡马立克氏病(MD)SB-1株病毒适应于CES细胞和致CES细胞病变效应(CPE)的研究.试验表明,在形成CPE的细胞中可检出核内包涵体,MD的SB-1株病毒的CES细胞毒的蚀斑形成单位(pfu)为105.7201-7.2122/m L.本研究为以后用CES细胞增殖SB-1株病毒以代替鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)制造疫苗提供了依据.