外源茉莉酸和真菌激发子诱导白菜CaMBP10的表达

 Recently,CaMBP10 was identified as a plant lipid transfer protein(LTP).In the study,four leaves old cabbages were treated with exogenous jasmonic acid(JA),JA plus LTP,fungal elicitor,200 mmol/L NaCl and 20% PEG respectively for understanding the functions of CaMBP10 in vivo.The expression of CaMBP10 was determined by using semi-quantitative RT-PCR.The results showed that the expressions of CaMBP10 were dramatically up-regulated in different levels under indicated conditions.It demonstrated that CaMBP10 was involved in biotic and abiotic stress response.     

真菌诱导子对虎杖愈伤组织中白藜芦醇合成的影响

用源于黑曲霉(Aspergillum niger)、啤酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)、青霉(Penicillium sp.)及灰色葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)的真菌诱导子对虎杖愈伤组织进行诱导处理,研究其对愈伤组织中白藜芦醇合成的影响,采用HPLC测定白藜芦醇含量。结果表明,4种真菌诱导子中,以黑曲霉诱导子的诱导效果最好,在愈伤组织继代培养后第14天加入100mg/L的黑曲霉诱导子,引入后第6天愈伤组织中白藜芦醇含量比对照高2.25倍。黑曲霉诱导子对虎杖愈伤组织中白藜芦醇的积累有很好的促进作用。     

杨盘二孢激发子的分离及稳定性研究

 从杨盘二孢的培养滤液和菌丝中获得2种激发子粗提物,分别测定其糖和蛋白质的含量,发现滤液激发子粗提物(CFE)糖和蛋白质的含量分别为41.07和40mg/mL,菌丝激发子粗提物(CME)糖和蛋白质含量分别为48.07和55mg/mL。滤液激发子粗提物对温度不敏感而对碱性条件敏感;菌丝激发子粗提物对酸碱不敏感而对温度敏感。用Sephadex G-100柱层析的方法初步纯化2种激发子,并且菌丝激发子粗提物过柱后得到2个活性组分J14和J25;滤液激发子粗提物过柱后获得2个活性组分L9和L16。将4个组分进行烟草叶片过敏反应和I-895杨酶活性的诱导,结果表明,菌丝激发子强活性物质集中在J14组分;而滤液激发子强活性物质集中在L9组分。     

诱抗剂对水稻幼苗耐盐性的诱导作用

本试验对水稻幼苗做诱抗剂处理并进行盐胁迫,测定了不同品种幼苗各性状耐盐性诱导率,并进一步对品种R6幼苗的生理特性分析。结果表明,诱抗剂对不同水稻品种幼苗的耐盐性诱导率有明显差异,品种R6的根长诱导率最高;用诱抗剂处理水稻品种R6后,耐盐能力比盐胁迫对照显著提高,表现为增加了根系活跃吸收表面积、叶绿素含量和可溶性糖含量,明显增强了根系活力,降低丙二醛含量。诱抗剂还具有调节IAA和ABA内源激素含量及其分布的作用。     

表达的hrmA蛋白质具有诱导水稻细胞产生防卫反应的活性

 将丁香假单胞菌hrmA基因构建到原核表达载体pET 29中,得到重组载体pET hrmA。将重组载体转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导,获得了以包含体形式存在的融合蛋白。复性的融合蛋白能诱导水稻悬浮细胞的活性氧迸发,处理20min后达到峰值。Northern杂交结果表明hrmA蛋白能显著地诱导PBZ1基因在水稻悬浮细胞中表达,在所观察的时间内PBZ1基因表达丰度随处理时间延长而增加,用hrmA处理水稻植株,诱导了PAL基因的表达。实验结果表明hrmA融合蛋白具有激活水稻细胞防卫反应的活性。     

诱导子在药用植物培养中的应用

诱导子在药用植物培养中具有重要作用,通过阐述诱导子的概念和类型、诱导子对植物次生代谢产物形成的影响等方面内容,以为相关研究提供参考。     

Flg22诱导的海带（Saccharina japonica）孢子体防御反应的初步研究

以鞭毛蛋白N端一个保守的22个氨基酸多肽(flg22)为激发子,研究其诱导海带孢子体防御反应的特征,以丰富植物分子病理学理论.采用Evans blue染色方法发现,flg22诱导后2h内,未能观察到海带孢子体细胞死亡现象,诱导后4～10 h,观察到大量死亡的细胞.TUNEL(TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick and labeling)检测方法证实,受flg22诱导后海带孢子体有DNA断裂现象,而且3’-OH末端断裂的数量随诱导时间的延长而增多,并有从诱导部位向外扩散的趋势.运用Luminol荧光检测方法检测到受flg22诱导后海带孢子体H2O2释放量迅速增加,至3h时达到峰值,约为20 μmol/L.应用荧光染料2’,7’-二氢二氯荧光黄双乙酸钠(DCFH-DA)进行ROS组织学检测,发现flg22诱导后1h即观察到绿色的荧光信号,信号强度随诱导时间的延长而增加,诱导后3h信号最强,随后绿色荧光信号的强度逐渐减弱.ROS的产生趋势与Luminol荧光检测方法的结果相一致.结果表明,flg22也是诱导海带孢子体防御反应的有效激发子.     

提高红曲霉发酵产品Monacolin K含量的研究

采用物理、化学及生物的方法均能有效提高红曲产品Monacolin K的含量。其中,UV和LiCl复合诱变Monascus purpureusZZ红曲菌,获得Monacolin K的含量比对照高3倍,其诱变和原始出发株的液体摇瓶发酵单位分别是219.9μg/mL和65.4μg/mL;采用优质大米培养基质及优化发酵培养条件使其Monascus purpureusGX红曲菌发酵的红曲米Monacolin K含量高达14.54 mg/g,比对照2.65 mg/g提高近6倍;尤其在红曲培养过程中添加真菌激发子,一种担子菌的无性型液体发酵物Hxa能明显提高Monascus purpureusZZ液态及固态发酵产品Monacolin K含量达1330.4μg/mL和34.99 mg/g,分别为原始出发株65.4μg/mL和2.48 mg/g的20倍和17倍。     

Induction of Defense Gene Expression and the Resistance of Date Palm to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Albedinis in Response to Alginate Extracted from Bifurcaria bifurcata

In many African countries, the Bayoud is a common disease spread involving the fungus Fusarium oxusporum f. sp. albedinis (Foa). The induction of plant natural defenses through the use of seaweed polysaccharides to help plants against pathogens is currently a biological and ecological approach that is gaining more and more importance. In the present study, we used alginate, a natural polysaccharide extracted from a brown algae Bifurcaria bifurcata, to activate date palm defenses, which involve phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), a key enzyme of phenylpropanoid metabolism. The results obtained showed that at low concentration (1 g·L⁻¹), alginate stimulated PAL activity in date palm roots 5 times more compared to the negative control (water-treated) after 24 h following treatment and 2.5 times more compared to the laminarin used as a positive stimulator of plant natural defenses (positive control of induction). Using qRT-PCR, the expression of a selection of genes involved in three different levels of defense mechanisms known to be involved in response to biotic stresses were investigated. The results showed that, generally, the PAL gene tested and the genes encoding enzymes involved in early oxidative events (SOD and LOX) were overexpressed in the alginate-treated plants compared to their levels in the positive and negative controls. POD and PR protein genes selected encoding β-(1,3)-glucanases and chitinases in this study did not show any significant difference between treatments; suggesting that other genes encoding POD and PR proteins that were not selected may be involved. After 17 weeks following the inoculation of the plants with the pathogen Foa, treatment with alginate reduced the mortality rate by up to 80% compared to the rate in control plants (non-elicited) and plants pretreated with laminarin, which agrees with the induction of defense gene expression and the stimulation of natural defenses in date palm with alginate after 24 h. These results open promising prospects for the use of alginate in agriculture as an inducer that triggers immunity of plants against telluric pathogens in general and of date palm against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis in particular.