几种土壤调理剂对“户太8号”葡萄生长的影响

以5年生“户太8号”葡萄为试验材料,在葡萄园施用5种不同的土壤调理剂,研究其对土壤改良与葡萄生长发育的影响。结果表明,供试5种土壤调理剂均可促进葡萄植株营养生长,叶片增大、加厚,叶片叶绿素spad提高,果实单粒重与硬度均显著增加,土壤质地明显改善。其中,腐殖酸、硅钙镁钾类调理剂分别使土壤pH降低、升高。微生物菌剂有利于增加土壤保水能力。今后宜研究不同类型土壤调理剂配合试验,以有针对性的合理改良土壤。     

直播稻丸化种衣剂应用效果初报

2005年采用自行研制的水稻丸化种衣剂包衣直播稻种子，在汉寿和浏阳进行了试验研究。结果表明。相比对照，丸化剂能加快直播稻出苗、促进分蘖、增加干物质积累，最终明显提高了秧苗综合素质；同时农药成分能有效防治秧苗期稻蓟马危害，防效达70.89％。最终产量平均增幅5．83％～8．59％，单位面积有效穗数明显增多是增产的主要原因。     

PGPR菌剂对油菜的促生作用和菌核病防治效果

用两种PGPR菌剂不同接种剂型处理油菜,通过油菜不同生育期的农艺性状、经济性状、理论产量和菌核病枯杆率的考察,研究PGPR菌剂的促生作用和生物防治效果.结果表明,油菜PGPR菌剂具有明显的促生作用,能显著改善油菜的农艺性状,尤其能明显增加油菜的单株有效角果数,从而提高油菜产量;油菜PGPR菌剂具有明显的生防效果,能降低油菜菌核病的发病率;不同剂型间在效果上有一定差异,种子丸衣剂型及YUMI复合液体菌剂的生防促生效果最好,YUMI液体菌剂其次.     

增产菌处理马铃薯的增产效应研究

增产菌不同时期处理马铃薯可明显缩短出苗期，延长苗期和初花期，且室内根和芽条生长量、大田单株主茎数、主茎粗度、单株叶面积和鲜重干重明显优于对照，用增产菌拌种，并在现蕾期和初花期两次根外喷雾，２品种单位面积产量较对照平均提高３７．７２％，块茎淀粉含量平均提高１２．７５％．     

土壤重金属污染修复剂在镉污染稻田中的应用效果

采用田间小区试验,在典型的镉污染稻区长沙县江背镇、北山镇开展了重金属修复剂“镉康”的田间应用效果试验.结果表明,修复剂“镉康”对水稻增产有一定的促进作用,但不同处理间没有显著差异.施用修复剂能够降低水稻各部位对镉(Cd)的积累,降低土壤有效Cd的含量,且随着修复剂用量的增加,降镉的效果越明显.江背镇、北山镇施用量分别达450 kg/hm2、600 kg/hm2时,降镉效果达显著水平.施用修复剂1 500 kg/hm2可使糙米镉含量降低约0.05 mg/kg,同时,土壤有效Cd含量降低0.17 mg/kg(江背镇)和0.64 mg/kg(北山镇).     

Morphological analysis of a deep-sea whelk <Emphasis Type="Italic">Buccinum tsubai</Emphasis> in the Sea of Japan

ABSTRACT:   Morphometrical analyses were performed on Buccinum tsubai , a deep-sea gastropod found in the Sea of Japan, and morphological differences were examined between the gender and among the four local subpopulations of Hokkaido, Yamagata-Toyama, the Yamato Bank, and San'in which are distinguished by mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis. As a result, sexual dimorphism of B. tsubai was found. Morphological differences were also recognized among four areas which may be related to genetic differences. They are also thought to be associated with the phenotypic plasticity in response to different environmental factors in each area. B. tsubai inhabits the the upper portion of the Sea of Japan Proper Water (UJSPW); and in the UJSPW of the Yamato Basin, nutrients are comparatively abundant and the dissolved oxygen content is low. Such environmental differences may be related to morphological differences among the four areas.     

Validation of an ovarian biopsy method in a sea bass, Centropomus medius Günther

In the present study, the establishment and validation of an ovarian biopsy method for in vivo assessment of oocyte maturation in the snook, Centropomus medius Günther, is described. Diameter and morphological characteristics of intra‐ovarian oocytes siphoned with a polyethylene cannula were analysed fresh, preserved with 1% formalin in 0.7% NaCl solution and also cleared with Serra solution. There were no effects detected of the preservative solution on the opaque oocytes within the 24‐h interval of the test. The clearing solution allowed excellent visibility of the membrane thickness, yolk appearance and germinal vesicle. Oocytes from each of the five ovarian sites of all examined females were in different prematuration stages and those on the tertiary yolk globule stage had a unimodal diameter frequency distribution and their diameter means were not significantly different among sites (P > 0.01) on eight females. In vivo and in vitro samples of the eight females examined were not significantly different (P > 0.05). As samples obtained with the polyethylene cannula are representative of the ovary central portion, an estimate of the coefficient of variation corrected for bias (P < 0.05) for 20 means of repeated in vivo samples was 1.4 ± 0.47. The results obtained demonstrate that for the species studied, the biopsy method is satisfactory, providing representative samples of the ovaries with the required precision.     

葛洲坝水利枢纽工程对坝下江段胭脂鱼性腺发育及自然繁殖的影响

本文研究了大坝兴建后,阻隔在坝下江段的胭脂鱼性腺发育状况。结果表明,只要达到性成熟年龄(雌鱼 7龄、雄鱼 5龄),胭脂鱼性腺不仅能在坝下江段正常发育成熟,而且能自然繁殖。产卵场主要分布在有砾石或礁板石水流较紊乱的江段。自然繁殖主要与水温有关。产卵期2月至4月。文中同时讨论了坝下江段胭脂鱼保护等问题。     

木质素磺酸钠合成水性环氧固化剂的研究

通过曼尼希反应,用木质素磺酸钠改性脂肪族多胺,合成了一种新型的水性环氧固化剂,红外光谱表征了目标产物的结构.通过测试固化体系的邵氏硬度、拉剪强度、正拉黏接强度和耐热性等,研究了NaOH水溶液用量、原料的配比、反应温度、反应时间、固化剂与环氧树脂的配比等对固化体系性能的影响.结果表明:在不使用NaOH水溶液情况下,木质素...     

雷竹笋保鲜技术研究

试验以湖北崇阳瑞发生物有限公司提供的鲜雷竹笋为试材,选用壳聚糖与氯化钙作为涂膜剂对其进行涂膜处理,测定了贮藏期间试材的失重率以及氨基酸、Vc、粗纤维的含量,试验结果表明:0.75％壳聚糖+4％氯化钙作为涂膜剂对试材的保鲜效果最好.这种处理能有效地降低了试材的失重率和腐烂率,抑制其纤维素含量的增加,降低其呼吸速率,从而具有良好的保鲜效果.