白藜芦醇调节畜禽脂质代谢的机制

白藜芦醇为一种自然的酚类化合物,在抗菌、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等方面均具有重要的生物学活性,近年来对其功能的研究引起了国内外学者的高度重视。饲喂白藜芦醇能影响动物的脂质代谢、脂肪细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡以及一些与脂肪沉积有关的基因表达,提高动物的抗氧化能力和改善畜禽肉品质。本文概述了白藜芦醇对动物脂质代谢的影响及其作用机制。这将为今后降低畜禽体脂沉积和改善肉品质提供重要的研究思路。     

白藜芦醇对脂多糖诱导草鱼肾脏细胞炎症的抑制作用

为评价白藜芦醇(resveratrol)对脂多糖诱导损伤草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)肾脏细胞(CIK)的保护作用,本研究通过脂多糖(LPS)诱导细胞炎症损伤,测定和分析白藜芦醇对CIK细胞抗氧化因子活性和抗氧化、炎症相关基因表达变化的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,LPS处理导致CIK细胞活力降低(P<0.05),乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性升高(P<0.05),降低了细胞内过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,并导致还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)浓度降低(P<0.05)和丙二醛(MDA)含量升高(P<0.05)。此外,LPS处理能引起CIK细胞的CAT、TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-1基因表达显著上调(P<0.05),而对IL-10和SOD基因的转录表达无显著影响(P>0.05)。通过向培养基中添加白藜芦醇(4μg/mL)可以显著减弱LPS对CIK细胞造成的损伤,维系细胞抗氧化能力,抑制TNF-α等炎症相关基因的表达(P<0.05),促进CAT基因的表达(P<0.05)。研究认为白藜芦醇对LPS造成的CIK细胞损伤有明显的干预作用,主要原因可能是由于白藜芦醇对CIK细胞的抗氧化能力的改善以及对促炎因子表达的抑制。本研究可为白藜芦醇应用于鱼类炎症、氧化损伤相关疾病的防治提供理论依据。     

HPLC法测定虎杖白藜芦醇的含量及其稳定性研究

白藜芦醇已被列为抗心血管、抗癌最有前途的药物之一。由于白藜芦醇对光、热不稳定,本研究建立了一套简单而提取率高的从虎杖中提取白藜芦醇的样品处理方法,研究了高效液相色谱法测定虎杖白藜芦醇的条件。采用色谱柱:岛津Shim parkCLC ODS(150mm×6.0mm,i.d.5μm),以乙腈∶水(体积比为41∶59)溶液为流动相,流速1.0mL/min,检测波长306nm。在此条件下,样品溶液进样质量浓度范围在500～1000μg/mL时,白藜芦醇含量与峰面积呈良好的线性关系。检出限为10ng/mL,且回收率高。     

Cytotoxic resveratrol oligomers from the tree bark of Dipterocarpus hasseltii

A new resveratrol tetramer, named diptoindonesin E, was isolated from the acetone extract of the tree bark of Dipterocarpus hasseltii, together with five known resveratrol oligomers (-)-epsilon-viniferin, laevifonol, (-)-alpha-viniferin, vaticanol B, (-)-hopeaphenol, and a coumarin, scopoletin. The structures of these compounds were determined from spectroscopic evidence. Cytotoxicity test of the isolated compounds showed that hopeaphenol strongly inhibited murine leukemia P-388 cells.     

UV-C辐射对‘北全’葡萄叶片和邻近果穗果实不同器官白藜芦醇及其衍生物含量的影响

以16a生‘北全’葡萄田间结果树为试材,在果实转熟期采用UV-C辐射结合韧皮部环剥的方法,研究了UV-C辐射对葡萄叶片和邻近果穗果实不同器官白藜芦醇(Resveratrol,Res)及其衍生物含量的影响。结果表明:UV-C辐射能够显著提高叶片trans-Res、trans-PD、trans?ε?VIN、trans?α?VIN、trans-RT和trans?δ?VIN含量,而单独的环剥处理则不具备这样的效果;UV-C辐射叶片抑制了邻近枝条韧皮部trans-Res和trans?ε?VIN的积累,环剥能够改变这种结果;而对邻近枝条木质部trans-Res及其衍生物的积累无影响。UV-C辐射叶片能够促进邻近果穗的果穗轴和果皮分别为5种和2种trans-Res及其衍生物的积累,环剥能够阻断这种效应;而对邻近果穗种子trans-Res及其衍生物的积累无影响。     

白藜芦醇及其衍生物对植物病原真菌的抑菌活性

为了明确植物源活性成分芪类化合物在农业病害防治中的前景,在离体条件下分别测定了白藜芦醇(Ⅰ)及其衍生物(Ⅱ~Ⅴ)对植物病原真菌菌丝生长的抑制作用以及对菌丝形态和孢子萌发的影响,采用叶片法和温室盆栽法研究了白藜芦醇的防病作用原理。结果表明:5个供试化合物对6种供试病原菌的菌丝生长均有不同程度的抑制作用,但均对番茄早疫病菌 Alternaria solani 的抑制活性最高,其中又以3,5-二羟基-4'-甲氧基二苯乙烯(Ⅲ)的抑制活性最高;白藜芦醇可造成番茄早疫病菌菌丝体畸形,并可抑制该病菌孢子的萌发,但未引起孢子形态改变。叶片法和温室盆栽法试验的结论一致,即白藜芦醇能够抑制病原菌的侵染,对植株起到一定的保护作用。     

A protective role of resveratrol against the effects of immobilization stress in corpora lutea of mice in early pregnancy

In the present study, we aimed to investigate a protective role for resveratrol against the effects of immobilization stress on corpora lutea(CL) of mice in early pregnancy. A total of 45 early-pregnant mice were divided into no immobilization stress(NIS) group, immobilization stress(IS) group, and immobilization and resveratrol treatment(IS+RES) group(n=15). Mice were immobilized in plastic tubes(50 mL) for 3 h per day during day 1 to 7 of pregnancy. In the IS+RES group, 5 mg kg–1 d–1 of resveratrol was administered just prior to application of stress. We analyzed apoptotic activity in CL by Western blotting analysis(WB), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), and immunohistochemistry(IHC). Serum progesterone levels were examined with radioimmunoassay(RIA). IHC results showed that the intensity of positive staining for Bax was increased, and for Bcl-2 was decreased in CL after IS, while resveratrol treatment reversed the positive staining for Bax and Bcl-2. WB revealed that immobilization stress up-regulated the expression of Bax and caspase-9, and downregulated Bcl-2 expression, while resveratrol treatment attenuated the effects of immobilization stress on the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-9. According to our TEM results, apoptosis as defined by chromatin condensation was found in CL after immobilization stress, while resveratrol inhibited the apoptosis. We also demonstrated that immobilization stress decreased progesterone concentrations and ovarian expression of StAR, while resveratrol restored the concentrations of progesterone and expression of StAR back to normal. These results indicated that immobilization stress induced luteal regression while resveratrol inhibited luteal regression, suggesting that resveratrol plays a protective role on corpora lutea of mice during early pregnancy.     

贮藏温度对UV-C辐射葡萄果皮白藜芦醇及其糖苷含量的影响

 用剂量3.6 kJ·m^-2的紫外线C（Ultraviolet C,UV-C）辐射处理‘京蜜’葡萄成熟果实,25 ℃条件下避光孵育24 h后,控制温度为25 ℃和0 ℃贮藏,贮藏后0、0.5、1、2、3、7、10、14、24、34 d取样,HPLC法分析果皮白藜芦醇（Resveratrol,Res）及其糖苷含量。结果表明：UV-C辐射后25 ℃条件下孵育24 h能显著提高反式白藜芦醇（trans-Resveratrol, trans-Res）和顺式白藜芦醇苷（cis-Piceid, cis-PD）的含量,不能提高反式白藜芦醇苷（trans Piceid,trans PD）含量。贮藏温度对UV-C辐射葡萄果皮Res及其糖苷含量具有重要影响。无论是对照果实还是UV-C辐射处理果实,果皮中均未检测到顺式白藜芦醇（cis-Resveratrol, cis-Res）。25 ℃和0 ℃贮藏条件下对照果皮(trans-Res trans-PD、cis-PD含量低,变化幅度很小,而UV-C处理果皮中变化幅度很大,绝大部分时间显著高于对照。     

生物技术在白藜芦醇研究中的应用

介绍了白藜芦醇的化学结构、发现、分布及合成途径等,总结了生物技术(包括酶工程、基因工程和细胞工程)在白藜芦醇研究中的应用,并展望了其应用前景及开发意义.