Response of Lima Bean to Inorganic Nitrogen and Broiler Manure Sources and Rates

Abstract

Applying animal manure to crops is a good disposal practice that also recycles nutrients. A 2‐year study was conducted involving lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) and two N sources, ammonium nitrate (AN, 340 g N kg^?1), and broiler chicken manure (BM, 10 g N kg^?1). The sources were tested at five N rates (0, 67, 135, 202, and 269 kg N ha^?1) in a split‐plot design with N source as the main plot and N rate as the subplot. Treatments were replicated three times in 2000 and four times in 2001. Leaf tissue (early flowering stage) was analyzed for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn). Although most nutrients were within or above the sufficiency range, K and Cu limited crop production for all treatments. There was no difference between N sources for fresh pod yields. The highest fresh pod yield occurred at 213 kg N ha^?1, but the critical point was obtained with 100 kg N ha^?1, a rate agreeing with current University of Florida recommendations.     

Soil test values of several soils under forage crops

Abstract

Soil test values of samples taken by 2.5 cm increments to 15.0 cm from forage research plots, grazing studies and a beef cow pasture showed great differences due to differences in management. Sampling the 0–7.5 cm soil depth is suggested over sampling the plow layer (0–17.5 cm) as a more meaningful method of evaluating the fertility status of pastures and hay meadows.     

Use of Fishpond Recommendations in the Rural Niger Delta of Nigeria

Application of fishpond production recommendations by rural beneficiaries of the Green River Project in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria was examined in this study. A sample size of 270 beneficiaries of the Project was selected through stratified and random sampling methods. Data elicited through the questionnaire and interview schedule were analyzed with frequencies, percentages, analysis of variance, and means separation. Results indicated a high (73.78%) mean rate of application. Interstocking of catfish with tilapia was the most (77%) applied recommendation. The highest rate of application was in Bayelsa State with 80.93%, followed by Rivers State with 77.42% and, lastly, by Imo State with 63.07%. Bayelsa and Rivers State application rates varied significantly from that of Imo State. The study recommends a more intensive agricultural extension effort by the Project in Imo State.     

Improved lime,phosphorus, and potassium recommendations based on double equilibration soil test methods for assessing buffering or fixation tendencies of individual soils

Abstract

This paper gives a perspective of papers published which led to the recommended two‐step methodologies of double equilibration soil test methods, identifies those persons contributing to development of the procedures, lists general conclusions reached regarding techniques, and gives details of steps involved in each of the double equilibration methods.     

湘潭市市辖区耕层土壤养分变化

依托湘潭市市辖区测土配方施肥项目实施,通过对2009-2012年土壤样品化验数据分析,初步摸清了耕地耕层土壤的养分含量水平,并对土壤样品状况进行分级评价。结果表明,2009-2012年湘潭市市辖区耕层土壤的pH平均值分别为5.8、5.9、5.9和5.6,处于低等级土壤pH的耕地面积从2009年的34.85%增加到2012年的47.35%,土壤有酸化趋势;土壤有机质含量平均值分别为34.3、35.4、32.4和37.0 g/kg,碱解氮含量平均值分别为169.0、160.6、190.8和164.1 mg/kg,平均93.07%土壤有机质和98.87%土壤碱解氮的耕地处于适宜、高和极高的等级,土壤有机质和碱解氮含量偏高;有效磷含量平均值分别为13.2、18.3、10.3和31.9 mg/kg,前三年土壤有效磷含量偏低,平均83.94%处于极低、低和适宜的等级,2012年骤然增加并高于适宜等级,有82.17%处于适宜、高和极高的等级;速效钾含量平均值分别为125.6、169.7、116.7和148.0 mg/kg,平均78.84%的土壤速效钾处于低和适宜的等级,土壤速效钾含量偏低。     

我国植物新品种权海外申请的政策建议

我国要发展现代种业、建设种业强国,必须在激烈的国际种子市场竞争中掌握主动权。支持植物新品种走出国门已经成为我国政府在国际种业战略布局中的重点,也成为我国种子企业开拓国际种业市场的必然选择。文章在分析海外申请植物新品种权现状和影响因素的基础上,提出了我国应进一步完善植物新品种保护和种质资源管理制度、强化植物新品种保护战略性布局、构建植物新品种权预警系统、扶持一批外向型育繁推一体化企业、加强国际植物新品种保护中介服务等政策建议。     

城乡建设用地增减挂钩研究

分析我国开展至今的城乡建设用地增加挂钩相关问题,对城乡建设用地增减挂钩过程中取得的成果、对应出现的问题提出相应的建议。     

云南省永平县关于治理“小金库”问题的调研报告

"小金库"基本上是用隐瞒收入、侵占、截留、转移和乱收费等非法手段来实现的,主要表现在发票管理混乱,现金管理严重违反规定,多头开户和乱收费。     

Soil and Plant Testing Programs as a Tool for Optimizing Fertilizer Strategies

Summary

Soil and plant testing programs are still based on ‘trial and error’ methods and lack scientific underpinning in terms of relevant soil chemical and plant nutritional processes, and are site-specific. The programs are valuable when the objective is to diagnose and predict deficiencies of plant nutrients. The programs are less valuable for refined fertilizer strategies, like Integrated Nutrient Management, which are essential in the near future to satisfy changing agricultural, environmental, economic and legislative boundary conditions. A more scientific approach to soil and plant testing programs appears desirable. To reduce undesirable side-effects of fertilization on the environment, more emphasis should be placed on fertilizer type and on timing and method of application.     

中国四川的蔬菜栽培系统——以2个村为例

本文对胜利村和西北村的；竞菜生产系统进行了定量描述，胜利村和西北村位于中国四川彭州市郊区，在该区域种植了种类繁多的蔬菜品种，其中最重要的足大蒜和莴笋。描述了区域土壤和气候特点，并详细介绍了该区域主要蔬菜种植系统和栽培技术。冬季是蔬菜栽培的最重要季节，大多数蔬菜采用移栽技术并与水稻连作，只有少部分耕地用于连续的蔬菜栽培。阐述了蔬菜生产的主要限制因子，要提高该区：战的蔬菜生产水平必须加强蔬菜新品种研究、推广现代育苗技术、发展反季节栽培和提高病虫害控制技术水平。