苎麻属野生种的光反应类型研究

对苎麻属11个野生种资源进行了10h、13h、16h光照处理，在不同光长条件下，表现出短光照生育期缩短、长光照生育期延长；短光照生育期延长、长光照生育期缩短；长、短光照生育期都延长；长、短光照生育期都缩短四个类型，并且不同光照时间对不同的生殖生长期有不同的影响，生长发育的积温差异较大。     

向日葵[Helianthus annuus(L.)]白花粉突变体遗传研究初报

向日葵[IIelianlhus anuus (L.)]是我国的重要经济作物。其花粉通常呈深浅程度不同的黄颜色。据我们掌握和查新资料,目前世界上尚未见有关白花粉方面的报道。1989年7月下旬至8月上旬,我们在吉林农业大学向日葵育种试验田的恢复系C8711群体中,先后发现4株白花粉突变体。暂分别定名为C8711—1、C8711—2、C8711—3和C8711—4。在进行人工套袋之前,此4株突变体已经在一定程度上发生了开放授粉,其中C8711—4开放授粉程度较轻。成熟时单独收获这4株突变体的种子,以进行有关遗传学研究,本文拟对白花粉突变的遗传学机理进行初步的探讨。     

亚麻工艺长相关性状的通径分析

本试验以6个普通亚麻品种为材料,进行工艺长相关性状的通径分析。结果表明,5个相关性状对工艺长度影响大小顺序为:单株粒重>单株粒数>千粒重>株高>主茎分枝数。降低单株粒重是提高工艺长度的主要途径。在千粒重、单株粒重相对稳定的类型中,选择植株较高、单株粒数较多者,或在株高、单株粒数相对稳定的类型中,选择千粒重较高者是提高工艺长度的重要途径。减少主茎分枝数亦可有效提高工艺长度,但作用较小。     

Detection and characterization of phytoplasmas in diseased stone fruits and pear by PCR-RFLP analysis in Turkey

During the late summer-early autumn of 2002, surveys were carried out in Turkey to determine the presence of phytoplasma diseases in fruit trees. Phytoplasmas were detected and characterized by PCR-RFLP analysis and TEM technique in stone fruit and pear trees in the eastern Mediterranean region of the country. Six out of 24 samples, including almond, apricot, peach, pear and plum, gave positive results in PCR assays. RFLP analysis usingSspI andBsaAI enzymes of PCR products obtained with primer pair f01/r01 enabled identification of the phytoplasmas involved in the diseases. Stone fruit trees, including a local apricot variety (‘Sakıt’) and a pear sample, were found to be infected with European stone fruit yellows (ESFY, 16SrX-B) and pear decline (PD, 16SrX-C) phytoplasmas, respectively. This is the first report in Turkey of PD phytoplasma infecting pear and of ESFY phytoplasma infecting almond, apricot, myrobalan plum and peach; ESFY phytoplasma infecting Japanese plum was previously reported. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 21, 2005.     

苹果自花授粉的花粉管结构变化及S-RNase定位

 苹果‘红星’品种授粉处理24 h后, 自花授粉比异花授粉的花粉管生长缓慢。授粉处理48 h后, 可观察到自花授粉花柱通道组织的花粉管内有二裂粒子增加、管壁破裂和管内物质溢出、外层管壁增厚等现象。苹果气球状花期未授粉的花柱及自花和异花授粉24 h后且无花粉管存在的花柱切片显示, S-RNase位于花柱通道组织的细胞内。自花和异花授粉48 h后有花粉管通过的花柱切片显示, S-RNase位于花柱通道组织的细胞间隙和花粉管内。     

香菇烂筒病因与综合防治研究

本文通过对香菇烂筒重灾区进行生态环境、气象、植保等方面调查，应用微生物分离技术，对烂筒样品和土壤样品进行致烂菌的分离、筛选和回接试验，从中确定致烂菌菌株的分类地位和基本生物学特性，从而研制防治香菇烂筒的生态、物理和药物防治技术，提出综合治理措施。     

蜂花粉营养液的营养成分分析

蜂花粉营养液以油菜花粉和蜂蜜为原料,经过先进的生产工艺制备而成.本文主要对其营养成分进行了分析,该营养液的营养成分搭配合理,含有17种氨基酸,其中包括8种必需氨基酸,氨基酸总量为575.2 mg/100mL;钙31.90 mg/100mL、钾77.46 mg/100mL、钠6.16 mg/100mL、镁19.12 mg/100mL、锌0.14 mg/100mL、铁0.14 mg/100mL、锰0.13 mg/100mL、铜0.053 mg/100mL;尼克酸0.24 mg/100mL、维生素B2 0.01mg/100mL、维生素B6 0.74 mg/100mL、维生素C 0.75 mg/100mL.     

破壁蜂花粉对蛋鸡免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响

试验将槐花蜂花粉进行振动磨超微粉碎破壁,分别按1 g/kg、5 g/kg、10 g/kg三个不同剂量混到蛋鸡饲料中,从7日龄开始饲喂至50日龄,每个剂量分两个试验,试验一用新城疫Ⅳ系疫苗免疫雏鸡,利用β-微量法监测血清中的血凝抑制抗体效价的动态变化;试验二用大肠杆菌油乳苗免疫雏鸡,利用间接血凝法监测血清中大肠杆菌抗体效价的动态变化。分别定期称重捕杀取脾、胸腺、法氏囊,计算免疫器官指数,取肠道内容物计数大肠杆菌和乳酸菌,测定肠道内pH值。结果表明,不同剂量的破壁蜂花粉均能不同程度地提高病毒抗原性抗体效价和菌体抗原性抗体效价,对雏鸡免疫器官的发育以及肠道内环境、菌群的平衡也有一定影响。     

Growth response of Ficus benjamina to limited soil volume and soil dilution in a skeletal soil container study

The interactive effects of rooting volume and nutrient availability in a skeletal soil medium designed to meet street tree and pavement needs were observed in a containerized experiment. Benjamin fig (Ficus benjamina L.) was grown in a stone-soil blended skeletal soil material (CU-Soil™) and compared to a loam soil. The same topsoil used as the soil component in the skeletal soil material was used as the sole component in the comparison soil-only treatment.Plants grown in the skeletal soil material had reduced leaf tissue N content and depressed growth compared with plants grown in non-diluted soil. No other mineral deficiencies were found. Leaf number, chlorophyll concentration, shoot weight, and root characteristics were all affected.Reduced growth from soil dilution could be offset by the provision of an enlarged rooting volume for root development. Large containers of skeletal soil were observed to have smaller root systems compared to equivalent net volumes of loam soil at the first two harvest dates of the study. By the end of the study, the large containers of skeletal soil were observed to have developed larger root systems compared to equivalent net volumes of loam soil; resulting in comparable leaf N levels and total plant dry matter. Plants in skeletal soil had lower shoot: root ratios at the end of the study. Investing resources to further root growth in times of nutrient shortages is a probable plant reaction as evidenced by differences in specific root length between treatments. The study allowed a method for directly partitioning the containerization effect by having equivalent amounts of soil over two volumes.     

‘禅寺丸’甜柿2n花粉形成机制的研究

 以2n花粉发生频率较高的甜柿品种‘禅寺丸’为试材，研究影响2n花粉形成的减数分裂行为。结果表明：2n花粉形成受融合纺锤体(fused spindles)，八字形纺锤体(triangle spindles)及后期Ⅱ染色单体不正常分离(abnormal disorientation of sister chromatid)3种减数分裂行为控制；融合纺锤体及八字形纺锤体形成的2n花粉占2n花粉总数的94.8%，在遗传上等同于FDR(first division restitution，第1次分裂重组)型配子；由姊妹染色单体不正常分离形成的2n花粉在遗传上等同于SDR (second division restitution，第2次分裂重组)型配子。甜柿2n花粉绝大多数为FDR型，因而在倍性育种中有重要的应用价值。