不同生长阶段群体数量特征对产草量作用的分析

在相同的光，温，水，肥条件下，同时对营养生长期的高羊茅和生殖生长期的多年生黑麦草人工草地产草量和群体数量特征的定量关系进行研究。在营养生长期，参数的变异程度小于生殖生长期。营养生长期各因子对产草量直接作用的程度排序这：叶面积指数〉草丛高度〉分蘖密度，生殖生长期为；草丛高度〉叶面积指数〉分蘖密度。     

GMOs in animal agriculture: time to consider both costs and benefits in regulatory evaluations

In 2012, genetically engineered (GE) crops were grown by 17.3 million farmers on over 170 million hectares. Over 70% of harvested GE biomass is fed to food producing animals, making them the major consumers of GE crops for the past 15 plus years. Prior to commercialization, GE crops go through an extensive regulatory evaluation. Over one hundred regulatory submissions have shown compositional equivalence, and comparable levels of safety, between GE crops and their conventional counterparts. One component of regulatory compliance is whole GE food/feed animal feeding studies. Both regulatory studies and independent peer-reviewed studies have shown that GE crops can be safely used in animal feed, and rDNA fragments have never been detected in products (e.g. milk, meat, eggs) derived from animals that consumed GE feed. Despite the fact that the scientific weight of evidence from these hundreds of studies have not revealed unique risks associated with GE feed, some groups are calling for more animal feeding studies, including long-term rodent studies and studies in target livestock species for the approval of GE crops. It is an opportune time to review the results of such studies as have been done to date to evaluate the value of the additional information obtained. Requiring long-term and target animal feeding studies would sharply increase regulatory compliance costs and prolong the regulatory process associated with the commercialization of GE crops. Such costs may impede the development of feed crops with enhanced nutritional characteristics and durability, particularly in the local varieties in small and poor developing countries. More generally it is time for regulatory evaluations to more explicitly consider both the reasonable and unique risks and benefits associated with the use of both GE plants and animals in agricultural systems, and weigh them against those associated with existing systems, and those of regulatory inaction. This would represent a shift away from a GE evaluation process that currently focuses only on risk assessment and identifying ever diminishing marginal hazards, to a regulatory approach that more objectively evaluates and communicates the likely impact of approving a new GE plant or animal on agricultural production systems.     

调制方法对多花黑麦草干燥特性及干草质量的影响

研究6种调制方法对多花黑麦草干燥特性及干草质量的研究,结果表明：（1）与自然晒干相比,烘干、压扁茎秆、压扁茎秆＋喷碳酸钾3种调制方法可显著缩短多花黑麦草干燥所需时间,提高多花黑麦草干草质量,而喷碳酸钾溶液和风干处理在缩短多花黑麦草干燥时间及提高其干草质量上效果不显著;（2）灰色关联综合评价结果表明,与自然晒干相比,烘干...     

草坪种子品种快速鉴定技术研究 II几种冷季型草坪草过氧化物同工酶谱计算机分析

采用等电聚焦电泳技术对适于西北地区的几种冷季型草坪草种进行了品种真实性鉴定研究,并使用国际认证的计算机软件(ImageMaster1D)进行同工酶谱带分析,对检测结果进行了定性定量评定,充分表明了品种间基因多态性,证明此方法是草坪草品种鉴别的有效测定技术。     

Cerebrospinal Fluid Myelin Basic Protein as a Prognostic Biomarker in Dogs with Thoracolumbar Intervertebral Disk Herniation

Background: Release of myelin basic protein (MBP) into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is associated with active demyelination and correlates with outcome in various neurological diseases. Hypothesis/Objectives: To describe associations among CSF MBP concentration, initial neurological dysfunction, and long‐term ambulatory outcome in dogs with acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH). Animals: Five hundred and seventy‐four dogs with acute thoracolumbar IVDH and 16 clinically normal dogs. Methods: Prospective case series clinical study. Signalment, initial neurological dysfunction as determined by a modified Frankel score (MFS), and ambulatory outcome at >3‐month follow‐up were recorded. Cisternal CSF MBP concentration was determined by an ELISA. Associations were estimated between CSF MBP concentration and various clinical parameters. Results: Dogs with thoracolumbar IVDH that did not ambulate at follow‐up had a higher CSF MBP concentration (median, 3.56 ng/mL; range, 0.59–51.2 ng/mL) compared with control dogs (median, 2.22 ng/mL; range, 0–3.82 ng/mL) (P= .032). A CSF MBP concentration of ≥3 ng/mL had a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 76% to predict an unsuccessful outcome based on receiver‐operating characteristics curve analysis (area under the curve =0.688, P= .079). Affected dogs with a CSF MBP concentration ≥3 ng/mL had 0.09 times the odds of ambulation at follow‐up compared with affected dogs with CSF MBP concentration <3 ng/mL when adjusted for initial MFS (95% confidence interval 0.01–0.66, P= .018). Conclusions and Clinical Importance: These results would suggest that CSF MBP concentration may be useful as an independent prognostic indicator in dogs with thoracolumbar IVDH.     

C型利钠肽及其受体在水牛卵泡中的表达分析

为了探明C型利钠肽（C-type natriuretic peptide,CNP）及其受体（natriuretic peptide receptor,NPR）在水牛卵泡中的表达模式,本研究首先采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测水牛卵巢中利钠肽家族主要成员A型、B型、C型利钠肽（ANP、BNP、CNP）及其Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型受体（NPR1、NPR2）的mRNA表达情况,然后利用免疫组化技术对水牛卵泡中CNP及NPR2蛋白进行定位,最后利用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测颗粒细胞和卵丘细胞中CNP及NPR2的mRNA表达规律。结果显示,水牛卵巢主要表达CNP及NPR2,且在各级卵泡中均有表达,其中,CNP主要在壁层颗粒细胞中表达,NPR2主要在卵丘细胞中表达;颗粒细胞上CNP mRNA表达水平显著高于卵母细胞周围的卵丘细胞（P<0.05）,而卵丘细胞上NPR2 mRNA表达水平显著高于颗粒细胞（P<0.05）。综上所述,在利钠肽主要家族成员和受体中,CNP和NPR2在水牛卵巢中呈现强表达,CNP主要在壁层颗粒细胞中表达,而NPR2主要在卵母细胞周围的卵丘细胞中表达。     

一株乳酸片球菌的筛选、鉴定及其固态发酵饲料原料的产酸分析

本研究从猪的新鲜粪便中分离纯化出一株具有较强产酸效果的乳酸菌HF14,综合形态、生理生化、16SrDNA序列分析,初步鉴定该菌株为乳酸菌片球菌(Pediococcus acidilactici)。对HF14固态发酵豆粕、麸皮、玉米粉与稻壳粉等饲料原料的产酸类别进行分析发现,产生的有机酸以L-乳酸与乙酸为主,其中,发酵玉米粉的pH最低,为3.77,L-乳酸与丙酸含量最高,分别为21.91、1.03mg/g;发酵麸皮的pH降幅最大,丁酸含量最高,为0.72mg/g;发酵稻壳粉的乙酸含量最高,为6.15mg/g,L-乳酸含量最低;发酵豆粕的各个指标居中。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法对蚕蛹油中脂肪酸成分分析

采用索氏提取法提取蚕蛹油,用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法分析蛹油的脂肪酸成分.经NIST质谱数据库检索和文献对照共检出8种成分.用面积归-法测出八种成分的含量,其结果表明蚕蛹油中脂肪酸的组成有豆蔻酸(0.20%)、花生四烯酸(0.27%)、软脂酸(16.84%)、棕榈油酸(2.40%)、硬脂酸(2.35%)、亚麻...     

江苏省蚕桑综合利用模式分析

本文阐述了蚕桑综合利用是提高蚕桑产业经济效益的重要途径之一.江苏省是蚕桑生产大省,桑、蚕及其附属物和衍生物资源丰富,综合利用的潜能很大.文章结合江苏省蚕桑综合利用实际,分析蚕桑综合利用几种发展模式及经济效益.分析了当前江苏省蚕桑综合利用存在的主要问题,提出了蚕桑综合利用发展建议.     

大尾寒羊产羔数对胎次的回归分析

该研究利用SPSS软件分析了大尾寒羊产羔数对胎次的回归,大尾寒羊产羔数对胎次的二次方回归和三次方回归的拟合度(R2)分别为0.9246和0.9269,可见两种模型下的回归方程的拟合度都比较高。产羔数对胎次的二次方回归方程中的所有回归参数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),说明大尾寒羊产羔数对胎次用二次方回归方程具有一定的应用价值。