镉对小鼠卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡的影响研究

为探讨镉对雌性生殖机能的影响,幼鼠皮下注射孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG),48 h后腹腔注射不同剂量的氯化镉,用琼脂糖凝胶电泳及TUNEL法对卵巢颗粒细胞进行凋亡检测;免疫组织化学法检测颗粒细胞的bax表达。结果显示注射氯化镉后48 h的高、中、低剂量组卵巢颗粒细胞(GC)凋亡率分别为(13.887 1±1.329 9)%、(10.757 3±1.229 3)%(、10.020 8±0.983 7)%,均显著高于对照组(0.637 8±0.387 2)%(P<0.01);96 h对照组GC凋亡率显著升高,高剂量组与其它组间差异明显,中、低剂量组与对照组差异不明显。凝胶电泳仅96 h高剂量组呈现梯状带。48 h、96 h各剂量组bax表达明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。可见镉对卵巢颗粒细胞的凋亡有促进作用,并有一定的剂量相关性;TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡优于电泳法,当细胞凋亡率较低时(<20%),电泳检测不到DNA梯状带;卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡和bax的表达有一定的相关性,随凋亡率的升高bax表达呈上升趋势。     

被毛突变无毛小鼠皮肤及毛结构观察

对国内首次发现并培育成群的ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ突变小鼠的３种表型（无毛、全毛、中间态）的皮肤组织及毛结构进行了观察。结果表明，无毛小鼠仅具有非常短（１～２ｍｍ）、细且弯曲的绒毛，其毛于中心为空泡状，缺乏髓质。无毛小鼠表皮、真皮、皮下组织结构基本与全毛、中间态小鼠相同，但其毛生长周期不健全；毛球位置浅表，数目少，排列不规则；皮脂腺异常增生。推测其被毛结构异常是由毛自身结构异常所致。该小鼠外观似裸鼠，能在普通条件下生长繁殖，可望成为某些皮肤病等研究的动物模型。     

甘兰夜蛾核型多角体82—17病毒株对裸鼠感染性的研究

甘兰夜蛾核型多角体NPV82—17病毒株,经腹腔、静脉、口服感染裸鼠.被感染裸鼠9—37天的脏器经电镜观察,其肝、脾的枯否细胞和网状细胞的胞浆内都存有1至数个多角体.另将其脏器悬液回接靶昆虫棉铃虫,腹腔和静脉感染率为83—100%,口服感染率为7—77%.     

Introduced house mice Mus musculus: a significant predator of threatened and endemic birds on Gough Island, South Atlantic Ocean?

House mice Mus musculus have successfully colonized many temperate and sub-Antarctic islands that are the location for breeding colonies of millions of seabirds. Unlike other introduced mammals, the impact of house mice on seabirds and endemic birds is believed to have been negligible. The breeding ecology of seabirds breeding on Gough Island, central South Atlantic Ocean, was studied for the first time during September 2000 to September 2001. Breeding success of the endangered Tristan albatross Diomedea (exulans) dabbenena and endangered Atlantic Petrel Pterodroma incerta were 27.3 and 19.9% respectively. Mortality of large Tristan albatross and Atlantic petrel chicks was observed, and the pattern of wounds and observations of feeding indicate that introduced mice were responsible for this predation. Breeding numbers of the endemic Gough bunting Rowettia goughensis are mostly found in upland areas of Gough Island where mice are scarce and are restricted to inaccessible cliffs in the lowlands where mice are abundant. This pattern, together with the high predation rates of artificial-eggs in lowland habitats in comparison to the uplands, strongly suggests that mice constrain the distribution of Gough buntings. The results of this study provide the first evidence for the role of house mice as a significant predator of endangered and endemic birds. Further research is required to determine if the observed levels of mice predation are a regular occurrence.     

转人MCP和CD59双基因小鼠的制备

采用显微混合注射的方法制备转人MCP(膜辅因子蛋白)和CD59(膜反应性溶解抑制物)双基因小鼠,共注射478枚受精卵,移植于21只受体,其中14只受孕,8只受孕小鼠中途流产,从6只受孕小鼠获得18只仔鼠,经检测,其中9只仔鼠单基因阳性(50％),6只仔鼠双基因阳性(33．3％)。结果表明：通过显微混合注射的方法可以获得转人MCP和CD59双基因小鼠。     

新疆荷斯坦牛β防御素5基因的克隆、表达及表达产物的抑菌活性

【目的】克隆和表达新疆荷斯坦牛中性粒细胞防御素5(BNBD5)基因,对BNBD5蛋白进行纯化并分析其抗菌活性。【方法】利用RT-PCR方法扩增新疆荷斯坦奶牛BNBD5的cDNA序列,将BNBD5 cDNA克隆到原核表达载体pGEX-4T-2,测序分析后转化大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)。经IPTG诱导后,对表达产物进行SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析;利用GST亲和柱纯化BNBD5蛋白,并进行体外抑菌试验。【结果】通过PCR扩增获得了218bp的牛BNBD5全长cDNA序列,经IPTG诱导,获得了约33 ku的牛BNBD5蛋白。牛BNBD5蛋白在15~25℃培养时的可溶性较37℃时多,且大多以包涵体形式存在,经纯化后最终获得了少量的目的蛋白。纯化的BNBD5蛋白对标准金黄色葡萄球菌和标准大肠埃希菌均具有明显的抑菌活性。【结论】克隆、表达了牛BNBD5基因,表达的BNBD5蛋白对大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌都有抑菌活性。     

复方茵芩制剂中黄芩苷的药代动力学研究

探讨复方茵芩制剂有效成分黄芩苷在小鼠体内的药物代谢动力学特征,按16.5 g.kg-1(相当于黄芩苷239.5 mg.kg-1)的剂量给小鼠口服复方茵芩制剂,用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测用药后0.25、0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0、5.0、6.0、8.0、12.0、14.0、16.0、20.0、24.0、36.0、48.0、72.0 h血浆中药物黄芩苷的质量浓度,研究在小鼠体内的药物代谢动力学.结果表明,复方茵芩制剂中黄芩苷在小鼠体内的药时数据符合开放性二室模型,动力学方程为:C=16.76 e-0.45t+3.10 e-0.03t-20.99 e-2.13t;主要药代动力学参数:T1/2α1.54 h,T1/2β5.25±2.96 h,T1/2 Ka0.34 h,AUC0→∞128.99 mg.L-1.h-1,CL/F0.19 L.h-1,Vd/F6.363 L.kg-1,Tpeak1.05 h,Cmax11.19μg.mL-1.