生沛素对皖系粗毛兔生产性能的影响

选择42日龄皖系粗毛兔幼兔42只,根据体重、性别,随机分成3组,分别饲喂含1‰、2‰生沛素日粮和对照组日粮.结果表明,添加1‰、2‰生沛素组产毛量比对照组分别提高17.5%(P＜0.01)和19.1%(P＜0.01);增重提高11.2%(P＜0.05)和12.5%(P＜0.05);每只兔一次产毛的经济效益比对照组分别提高2.96元和1.13元.另外,添加生沛素的试验组兔毛品质也比对照组有所提高和改善.     

基于中值点Hough变换玉米行检测的导航线提取方法

为解决机器视觉对早期玉米苗带在多环境变量下导航线提取耗时长、准确率低的问题,该研究提出了一种基于中值点Hough变换作物行检测的导航线提取算法。首先,改进了传统的2G-R-B算法,再结合中值滤波、最大类间方差法和形态学操作实现土壤背景与玉米苗带的分割。其次,通过均值法提取玉米苗带特征点,然后采用中值点Hough变换拟合垄间两侧玉米苗列线,最后将检测出的双侧玉米苗列线为导航基准线,利用夹角正切公式提取导航线。试验结果表明：改进的灰度化算法能够正确分割玉米苗带与土壤,处理一幅640×480像素彩色图像平均耗时小于160 ms,基于中值点Hough变换检测玉米苗列再提取导航线的最大误差为0.53°,相比于传统Hough变换时间上平均快62.9 ms,比最小二乘法平均精确度提高了7.12°,在农田早期玉米苗带多环境变量影响因素下导航线提取准确率均达92%以上,具有较强的可靠性和准确性。     

不同品系杜洛克后代商品猪胴体性状的比较分析

为研究不同品系杜洛克作为终端父本对其后代商品猪胴体性状的影响,选取214和108头分别由美系和加系杜洛克公猪配种、出生时间相近(±2 d)和体重相近(35±5 kg)的后代三元商品猪进行育肥饲养,结束饲养后开展屠宰试验,测定背膘厚度、眼肌厚度、瘦肉率和肋骨数.结果显示:加系杜洛克商品后代的背膘厚度、眼肌厚度显著(P<0...     

Screening of Probiotics Inhibiting E. coli K88 in vitro

The probiotics tested in the experiment were isolated from the intestinal of weaning piglets.The isolated probiotics and E.coli K88 were inoculated into the culture of intestinal porcine epithelial cell-1 (IPEC-1).The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the supernatant was measured after incubating for 2.5 h.At the same time, the probiotics and E.coli K88 were co-cultured in vitro, the number of E.coli K88 was counted and the probiotics which could be resistant to the E.coli K88 were selected 2.5 h later.The results showed that the Lactobacillus casei and Bacillus coagulans could significantly reduce LDH activity (P<0.05), decrease the damage of E.coli K88; Bacillus coagulans could inhibit the growth of E.coli K88.At the same time, Bacillus coagulans could resist high temperature, acid and bile salt.The results showed that Bacillus coagulans strains had great potential as the application of probiotics strains.The methods could be used as a model of screen probiotics which could inhibit the growth of E.coli K88 in vitro.     

一株猪高致病性蓝耳病病毒的分离鉴定与遗传变异分析

为研究猪蓝耳病病毒(PRRSV)的遗传进化规律,于2018年从新疆某猪场采集的病猪血液中分离了一株PRRSV,命名为XJ-b。对临床样品采用RT-PCR扩增鉴定,将阳性样品过滤处理之后接种在Marc-145细胞系进行培养,将盲传3代之后出现病变(CPE)的Marc-145样品进行间接免疫荧光鉴定。通过噬斑纯化后,利用RT-PCR对分离株的全基因组进行扩增,使用SeqMan软件对测序结果进行拼接,并根据NCBI上已公布的PRRSV全基因组及Nsp2基因核苷酸序列进行遗传进化与同源性比对分析。结果表明,临床病料RT-PCR检测呈PRRSV核酸阳性,处理后的病料接种至Marc-145细胞72 h之后产生CPE,间接免疫荧光鉴定为PRRSV抗原阳性;序列拼接显示分离株全基因组开放阅读框大小为15119 bp;全基因组和Nsp2基因核苷酸序列分析和同源性比对显示该分离毒株属于中国的高致病性PRRSV亚群。研究结果可为近年来新疆地区PRRSV的毒株差异分析提供参考。     

Bilateral apex pubis distance：a novel index for follicular development and egg laying status in domestic hens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

ABSTRACT

1. Measures of the bilateral apex pubis (BAP) in White Leghorn (WLH) hens aged from 16 to 64 weeks (from the time ovaries were completely undeveloped to senility) were ranked into various groups so the relationship between external traits (BAP distance, comb length, comb height, wattle length, wattle height, body weight) and internal traits (largest ovarian follicle diameter (LFD) and oviduct weight and length) could be determined.

2. Using correlation and regression analysis with data from 16 weeks of age to the onset of lay, measurements of the apex pubis showed a strong correlation with LFD (r = 0.80, P < 0.01) and oviduct weight (r = 0.80, P < 0.01).

3. Multiple comparisons among WLH hens from 16 to 43 weeks of age showed that the BAP distance increased in all groups ranked by LFD or by laying period.

4. In the late laying period (>60 weeks of age), BAP distance showed a significant decrease (P < 0.01) in long-term non-laying hens compared to laying hens.

5. These findings suggest BAP distance can serve as an index for evaluating the onset and probable stages of follicular development during sexual maturation and/or aid in the identification and selection of non-laying hens during reproduction.     

SR92鸡的OPAY02型标记初步研究

测定了SR92A系鸡初生、28、49、75日龄体重,屠体、半净膛、全净膛重等生产性能,同时用OPAY02随机引物对其DNA进行RAPD扩增,分析OPAY02型标记与鸡群早期增重及75日龄屠宰性能之间的关系。结果表明,片段长度为1 660.8bp和2 326.0bp的两条带所代表的位点,在SR92A系中出现A、B、C三种类型,其中C型母鸡75日龄体重超过A型607.4g,初步表明OPAY02C型标记在SR92A系中可作重要遗传标记。     

多叶苜蓿自交二代农艺性状分析

多叶苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)的形态特征与苜蓿的产量和品质有直接关系,建立多叶苜蓿自交系进一步研究评估苜蓿多叶性状的遗传特性和规律,为多叶苜蓿新品系的选育提供科学依据。筛选多叶苜蓿自交亲本,进行亲本选配,田间试验观察测量多叶苜蓿自交S2代的多叶率、株高等农艺性状,与亲本材料进行比较分析。发现多叶苜蓿自交S2代农艺性状变异较为丰富,变异系数达19.54%~55.66%,分离出单株多叶率达100%的单株,S2群体生长速率变缓,多叶性状的表达呈多样化。     

粉纹夜蛾(Trichoplusia ni)培养细胞对家蚕微孢子虫(Nosema bombycis)的吞噬过程观察

观察微孢子虫在非天然宿主细胞系的生物行为过程,有助于探究微孢子虫的侵染特异性机制。选用鳞翅目昆虫粉纹夜蛾(Trichoplusia ni,Tn)细胞系为材料,接种家蚕微孢子虫(Nosema bombycis,Nb)孢子后观察其吞噬过程。结果发现:经氢氧化钾发芽预处理的Nb孢子虽然可以在Tn培养细胞液中发芽,但未见发芽孢子的孢原质进入Tn培养细胞;在接种Nb孢子浓度为2.0×105mL-1以上时,观察到孢子通过内吞作用进入了Tn培养细胞,但未见孢子的增殖;随着时间的延长和进入Tn培养细胞的Nb孢子的增加,可引起Tn培养细胞的超微结构变化,并导致细胞的裂解。以上结果说明,虽未见Nb以发芽形式感染Tn培养细胞,但Nb能够被吞噬进入Tn培养细胞并破坏其结构。     

蜜腺发达Ogura晚抽薹不结球白菜雄性不育系的鉴定

本试验以Ogura晚抽薹不结球白菜薹ms等为材料,通过观察和比较熊蜂对不同白菜品种访花次数和访花滞留时间的差异,选择出能吸引熊蜂访花且访花滞留时间长的Ogura薹ms植株。对选择出植株的蜜腺大小和开花结实特性进行了进一步鉴定,结果表明选出的薹ms株蜜腺发达,开花结实正常,为选育优良晚抽薹胞质不结球白菜雄性不育系奠定了基础。