H-Y抗血清的制备及检测研究

选用８ ～１２ 周龄纯系的 Ｂ Ａ Ｌ Ｂ／ Ｃ 母鼠, 用同日龄的 Ｂ Ａ Ｌ Ｂ／ Ｃ 公鼠采取皮肤移植和脾细胞注射２ 种方式免疫, 制备 Ｈ Ｙ 抗血清, 经精子微量细胞毒性试验, 筛选抗血清。皮肤移植５ 只小鼠中只有１ 只产生较好的抗血清, 脾细胞注射的４ 只小鼠都能产生较好的抗血清, 产生抗血清的小鼠占５５ ％ 。抗血清与昆明鼠正常８ｃｅｌｌ 早期桑椹胚培养５ ～６ 、１８ 和２４ ｈ 后, 退化率达４３３ ％ , 经 Ｘ２ 检验差异不显著（ Ｐ ＞ ００５） , 符合自然性比例。     

Characterisation of a Quantitative Resistance to Vector Transmission of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium

Two wild genotypes from the same species Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium, WVA106 (susceptible) and INRA-Hirsute (so-called ‘resistant’), were compared with respect to their reaction to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus isolate Réunion (TYLCV-Mld[RE]), using both whitefly-mediated inoculation and graft inoculation. Disease incidence and symptom severity were scored. Presence and quantification of viral DNA were assessed by dot blot hybridisation. Upon insect inoculation, accession INRA-Hirsute showed a moderate resistance against TYLCV that was overcome by a high inoculation pressure obtained by increasing the cumulative number of inoculative whiteflies. Temporal analyses of the disease progress in relation to this criterion exhibited that the protection was quantitative, mainly reducing the TYLCV-Mld[RE] incidence by at maximum 50% at low inoculation pressure. When graft inoculated, the final TYLCV-Mld[RE] disease incidence was 100% in both susceptible and resistant genotypes with severe symptoms, suggesting a reduction of virus transmission by a vector resistance as a possible mechanism. Implications of using such type of resistance in breeding programmes are discussed.     

植酸改性木粉制备及其吸附性能研究

[目的]将木材加工剩余物木粉和改性木粉作为废水中染料污染物的吸附剂,并探究其性能,为木粉高值化利用提供一种策略.[方法]以植酸(PA)为绿色改性剂接枝木粉制备了木粉基吸附剂(PA-WF),利用SEM-EDS、ATR-FTIR、XRD、BET对PA-WF的表面形貌、元素分布、官能团、孔隙度、比表面积、结晶度和结晶结构进行...     

香榧苗木繁育方法研究进展

为了更好地研究香榧繁育技术,对香榧苗木繁育方法及容器苗培育技术的研究进展进行了综述。香榧的苗木繁育方法有播种、嫁接、扦插以及组织培养,目前生产实际中最常用的方法为嫁接。     

板栗高接试验研究

以8年生板栗实生树,采用武夷山的魁栗品种为接穗,在福建南平市延平区太平镇进行板栗的高接研究,945个接穗研究表明,砧木0～5cm粗,芽萌动后,采用插皮接,成活率最高。     

Behavioural interactions of seabirds with suspended mussel longlines

Increased abundances of a number of seabird species have been found in areas of mussel longline aquaculture (compared to control sites) in a recent study at Bantry Bay, southwest Ireland. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this form of mussel aquaculture also affects the activity budgets and foraging behaviour of these seabirds. Scan-sampling was used to compare seabird activity budgets between three areas of mussel longline aquaculture and three control sites. Foraging activities of Great-Northern Divers Gavia immer, an Annex 1 species under the Euopean Union's Birds Directive, were also compared between sites using focal sampling. The behaviour of gulls (Larus sp.), Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo, Shags Phalacrocorax aristotelis and Great-Northern Divers (but not auks, Alcidae) differed significantly between areas of mussel aquaculture and control sites in this study. Mussel suspension buoys were heavily utilized by gulls, cormorants and shags as safe perching platforms for preening activities. Gulls also fed extensively on epifauna attached to the buoys. Great-Northern Divers spent more time snorkelling (head submerged in search of food) in mussel sites than in the control sites, however dive duration and visible foraging success rates did not differ significantly between sites. Overall, the environmental impact of mussel suspension culture appears to be positive or neutral on marine bird species occurring at this study site.     

丝绵木高接换头嫁接北海道黄杨技术

介绍了多年生大径丝绵木高接换头嫁接北海道黄杨技术,采用蜡封接穗,接穗采用发育枝中段或基段,失水率不超过6.5%,接口用塑料薄膜绑紧,正常年份可使嫁接成活率达90%以上。     

天津地区保护地常用茄子嫁接栽培技术及茬口安排

总结了适宜天津周边地区保护地茄子嫁接生产的栽培方法、砧木及接穗的选择种类,提出了保护地茄子嫁接的常见问题及其解决方法,并针对目前天津地区保护地蔬菜栽培的种植习惯和要求,介绍了合理的种植茬口安排。     

Commercialized European bumblebee can cause pollination disturbance: An experiment on seven native plant species in Japan

Non-native pollinator species are now widely utilized to facilitate pollination of agricultural crops. Evaluation of the ecological risk of alien pollinators is necessary because they could have a large impact on native ecosystems through disturbing native plant-pollinator interactions. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to examine the impact of the non-native commercialized European bumblebees, Bombus terrestris, on the pollination success of seven Japanese bumblebee-pollinated plant species. Plants were exposed to three groups of bumblebees: native bumblebee(s) only (NATIVE treatment); the alien bee only (ALIEN) and a mix of the two (MIX). ALIEN treatment had negative effects on fruitset and/or fruit quality of five plants, including self-incompatible and compatible, herb and woody, and queen- and worker-pollinated species. The negative effects were caused by a decrease in legitimate flower visitation due to (1) physical inaccessibility to nectary in deep-corolla flowers by the alien bee with insufficient tongue length and, (2) biased flower preference between short-corolla flowers. Fruitset tended to decrease drastically for the self-incompatible species while fruit quality decreased moderately for the self-compatible species. Effects of MIX were not intermediate between NATIVE and ALIEN in most plant species, and caused pollination success to vary in an unpredictable manner amongst plant species, probably due to interaction between native and alien bees. This non-linear relationship between plants’ pollination success and the relative density of the alien suggests that the alien bee can disturb pollination of a plant species even when only representing a small fraction of the total pollinator community.     

Higher Chilling-Tolerance of Grafted-Cucumber Seedling Leaves upon Exposure to Chilling Stress

The roots of figleaf gourd （Cucurbita ficifolia, as rootstock） could improve the resistance of cucumber plants （Cucumis sativus L. cv. Jinyan 4, as scion） to low temperature. In this experiment, the root activity and photosynthetic activity of photosystems in the own-rooted and grafted-cucumber plants were studied at chilling temperature （4℃） under low irradiance （100 μmol m^2 s^-1 PFD）. Compared with dark adaptation seedlings, the chlorophyll a fluorescence transient curve and the oxidizable P700 （P700＋） of both the own-rooted and grafted seedlings decreased, and PS2 and PS1 of the own-rooted seedling leaves were more inhibited than that of grafted ones at the end of chilling stress. The reduced triphenyltetrazolium chloride （TTC）, which was used to reflect the root activity, kept stable in grafted seedling roots at the end of chilling stress, while it decreased noticeably in the own-rooted seedling roots. These results implied that the root system activity of the grafted seedling roots was higher than that of the own-rooted ones. Superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity was higher in both the grafted seedling roots and leaves than that in own-rooted seedlings at both room temperature and chilling temperature. Upon exposure to chilling stress, the malondialdehyde （MDA） content, which reflects the degree of lipid peroxidation, increased markedly in the own-rooted seedling roots and leaves and kept stable in the grafted-cucumber seedlings.