不同品种猪IFN-α基因的克隆与序列分析

根据现有猪α干扰素(IFN-α)基因序列设计引物,应用PCR技术直接从肝组织基因组中扩增丹系长白和法系长白、英系大白和法系大白猪IFN-α基因。将克隆得到的特异性片段克隆入pGEM-TEasy载体中,转化感受态细胞JM109,运用蓝白斑筛选、质粒PCR鉴定及酶切鉴定筛选阳性可疑菌株,并将筛选的阳性株进行测序。结果表明,得到了上述4个品系的猪IFN-α基因。核苷酸同源性均在97.2%以上,氨基酸同源性均在92.8%以上。     

Influence of mineral fertilizers and different soil types on nutrient leaching: Results of lysimeter studies in East Germany

A lysimeter experiment on mineral fertilizer use and soil type was begun in 1985 to study the interrelationships between the level of mineral fertilization and the leaching of nutrients. Increased application of mineral fertilizers brought about not only a significant reduction in effluence build-up, but also a significant increase in yield. The lowest levels of nitrogen leaching were found in clay-sand soil in use as grassland, and the highest in sandy soil used as arable land. Unexpectedly, the study was unable to prove statistically that a reduction in N, P and K leaching follows automatically from a reduction in mineral fertilization. Hence, suboptimal fertilization cannot be the only corrective measure if a noticeable or marked reduction in the adverse impact on water quality due to nutrient leaching is to be achieved. Interim plantings should be integrated in crop rotations. Agricultural crops must be siteadapted and suited to the fertilization regime.     

浅议我国家具工业发展的现状与前景

从家具市场、设计思潮、家具材料及配套工业发展等方面阐述了９０年代发以来,家具工业的现状和发展趋势,并着重指出：按部件就是产品的原则,走零部件组装化的道路。家具工业将走向现代化,家具产品走向国际化,我国家具工业将出现腾飞的前景。     

西藏草地几种主要药用植物的形态特征和药用价值

本文结合教学,对西藏草地几种主要药用植物的植物学特征、生态分布及药用价值进行了初步研究。     

道路匝道的坐标计算方法

本文利用道路中线中曲线组成形式.通过数学推证。给出了匝道坐标的计算方法.推导出了计算公式.并通过实例进行了验证.证明此种计算方法实用可行。     

Effects of dietary levels of essential oil extracts from Moringa oleifera and Artemisia afra on kidney histology,haemato‐immunological parameters and disease resistance in Clarias gariepinus

This experiment investigated the effect of dietary supplementation with essential oils from Artemisia afra and Moringa oleifera on haemato‐immunological parameters and resistance in Clarias gariepinus (African Sharptooth catfish) (Burchell, 1822) challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. The experiment lasted for 45 days. Prior to and postchallenge, white blood cells significantly increased (p < .05) from the 3% to 12% M. oleifera and A. afra supplementation. Pre‐challenge, no significant differences (p > .05) in red blood cells, haemoglobin and haematocrit were observed between the control and M. oleifera supplementation, while in the A. afra supplementation, RBC and HCT significantly increased from the 6% to 12%. Postchallenge, RBC, HGB and HCT were significantly lower (p < .05) in the control and the 3% and 6% M. oleifera and A. afra supplementation. Both pre‐ and postchallenge, nitro‐blue tetrazolium levels significantly increased (p < .05) from the 3% to 12% M. oleifera supplementation while no significant differences (p > .05) were observed in lysozyme activity between the control and treatment groups. In A. afra, NBT and lysozyme activities increased significantly (p < .05) from the 6% to 12% supplementation pre‐ and postchallenge. Survival rate increased from the 3% to 12% in M. oleifera and A. afra supplementation groups. Significant kidney histological alterations were noted in the control and the 3% and 6% supplementation of both plants postchallenge, while no major histological changes were observed between treatment groups and the control pre‐challenge. The results demonstrate that EO from M. oleifera and A. afra can improve immunity and enhance survival in C. gariepinus.     

甘蓝型油菜皖油20号种子不同部位油脂合成的转录调控分析

甘蓝型油菜是主要的油料作物之一,种子含油量一般在35%～50%。油脂主要储存于油菜种子胚中,胚主要由子叶[包括外子叶(OC)和内子叶(IC)和胚轴(EA)]组成。低芥酸油菜品种皖油20号(WY20)种子不同部位的含油量存在显著差异。WY20的胚中, OC含油量最高, EA含油量最低。同时,脂肪酸组成在种子不同部位也存在差异, EA中棕榈酸(C16:0)、亚油酸(C18:2)及二十碳酸(C20:0)的比例均显著高于子叶,特别是C16:0在EA中的比例约为子叶的2倍。而油酸(C18:1)及二十碳烯酸(C20:1)在子叶中的比例均显著高于EA。硬脂酸(C18:0)在OC中含量最低,在IC和EA中无差别。亚麻酸(C18:3)则在OC中含量最高,在IC和EA中无差异。对发育34d种子的IC、OC和EA进行转录组分析,将三个部位中基因表达定量分析的结果两两比较后共发掘出7192个差异表达基因,其中OC和IC之间差异表达基因数目较少,子叶和EA间有较多的差异表达基因。子叶和胚轴中的差异表达基因富集在光合作用、脂肪酸代谢和叶绿素合成等生物学过程。基因功能注释显示,差异表达基因中有355个和脂质代谢相关,且多集中在质体中脂肪酸从头合成途径。本研究表明油脂合成途径关键基因的差异调控是造成油菜种子不同部位含油量和脂肪酸组成差异的主要因素。     

不同采收期刺五加叶黄酮类成分动态变化分析

目的 研究刺五加叶不同采收时期黄酮类化合物含量变化规律。方法 分别采用紫外分光光度法以及UPLC-Q/TOF-MS技术对不同采收时期的刺五加叶进行总黄酮的含量测定以及黄酮类化合物的成分分析,并分别进行刺五加叶不同采收时期的黄酮类化合物趋势研究。 结果 刺五加叶总黄酮含量分别在5月初、8月中旬、9月末较高,在5月到8月这段生长季节含量有所下降,共找出11个明显上升趋势,11个明显下降趋势的黄酮类化合物并予以趋势分析,结果表明两种方法得到的不同采收时期刺五加叶总黄酮含量变化趋势一致。结论 刺五加叶不同采收时期黄酮类化合物含量变化具有明显趋势,本实验为更好的开发和利用刺五加叶提供了理论依据。     

猪苓种质资源特性与产业开发模式研究

猪苓是我国重要的药用真菌资源,充分发挥资源优势,运用正确经营策略,发展我国农村经济特别是山区经济,为农民提供致富的技术。该研究采用资料分析、实地调查的研究方法,整理民间的技术宝藏,汇总现有的资源优势,探索发展的经营策略。同时论述我国特别是山西省的猪苓种质资源分布和生境特性,分析山西省猪苓资源研究开发的过去与现状,找出限制和影响猪苓种植生产和农业利用的瓶颈问题。最后提出发展山西省猪苓生产经营的几点建议,以期为全国猪苓产业的发展提供理论与实践指导。     

Structural Features and Phylogenetic Implications of Three New Mitochondrial Genomes of Blister Beetles (Coleoptera: Meloidae)

The mitochondrial genome sequences of Denierella emmerichi, Epicauta curvispina, and Meloe poggii were determined. Their mitochondrial genomes were found to contain 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes [PCGs], 22 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNAs), of which 4 PCGs, 8 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNAs are encoded by the N-strand, and the remaining genes are encoded by the J-strand. The mitochondrial genomes of D. emmerichi, E. curvispina, and M. poggii are 15,702 bp, 15,813 bp, and 15,626 bp in length, respectively, and their guanine–cytosine contents are 28%, 33%, and 36%, respectively. The 13 PCGs of D. emmerichi, E. curvispina, and M. poggii use ATN as the standard start codon and TAA, TAG, and T as the stop codons. The Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis results based on the 13 PCGs and 13 PCGs + 2rRNAs datasets of the mitochondrial genomes of the Meloidae support Epicauta (Coleoptera: Meloidae) ([D. emmerichi, E. curvispina, E. ruficeps, E. aptera] + [E. chinensis, E. impressicornis, E. gorhami, E. tibialis]). We believe that this research enriches the literature on the mitochondrial genomics of Meloidae and serves as a foundation for the further study of the phylogenetic relationships and characterization of Meloidae and Coleoptera.