北方日光温室黄瓜栽培存在的突出问题及对策

对北方地区日光温室黄瓜生产中存在的温室结构不合理,连作障碍严重和药害发生频繁等问题进行了阐述,并提出了相应的解决方法。     

多因子联合诱导系统的构建及对黄瓜白粉病防治试验

由多个不同的抗病诱导因子组成植物抗病诱导系统的1个子系统。每个因子都是这个系统中的1个要素。系统的性质不但取决于系统中的要素,还取决于要素的结构。合理的配伍可以使要素与要素之间、要素与系统之间的关系得以优化,使系统的功能得以强化。把筛选得到的多个不同的抗病诱导因子进行配伍,组合成新的"诱导组合体",其诱导效应比单一因子显著提高;用不同的"诱导组合体"进行"相继诱导"和"循环诱导",则进一步提高诱导效应,对黄瓜白粉病的田间防治效果达到78.16%,高于常规杀菌剂的防治效果。     

CsFAD7基因转化烟草的研究

以"革新一号"烟草种子为试材,采用根癌农杆菌介导的烟草叶盘转化法将来源于黄瓜的脂肪酸去饱和酶基因(FAD7)转入烟草,并在附加300mg/L氨苄青霉素(Amp)的MS+0.1mg/L NAA+1.0mg/L 6-BA的培养基上诱导植株分化,再生芽在附加300mg/L Amp和100mg/L卡那霉素(Kan)的MS培养基上生根,获得再生植株。结果表明:Kan阳性植株经PCR检测筛选,得到转基因阳性植株,证明异源FAD基因已转入烟草基因组中。T1代经PCR-South-ern检测证明转化基因可以遗传;转基因烟草在低温胁迫下生长较好,叶绿素荧光参数F0值下降不大,Fv/Fm值保持较高,表现了对低温的耐受能力,脂肪酸分析表明,该基因可以使烟草叶片的亚麻酸含量比例升高。     

中国矮生刺黄瓜品系特性的研究初报

本文利用由中国蔓生刺黄瓜自然突变产生的矮生型黄瓜为材料，通过多低自交选育及性状观察，初步了解该矮生黄瓜植物学性状除具有自封顶、植株矮化性状外，与蔓生型黄瓜无明显差异。在生物学方面，该矮生黄瓜具有早熟、雌花节率高、结果集中、生长期短等特性。通过对中国矮生刺黄瓜与不同品种蔓生黄瓜杂交后代的观察、分析，初步认为黄瓜植株高度是由单基因体系和多基因体系共同作用决定的。     

运用正交设计优化黄瓜花粉离体萌发条件

以4种不同类型的黄瓜新鲜花粉为试材,采用了正交试验L16(45)研究萌发温度、蔗糖浓度、硼酸浓度和pH值对花粉萌发和生长的影响。结果表明,温度对花粉萌发和生长影响最大,pH值次之,基因型影响最小。并筛选出了各因素的最佳水平组合为:温度25℃,蔗糖15%,硼酸0.1 g/L,pH6.5。     

葡聚六糖诱导后黄瓜幼苗细胞内Ca2+水平变化的细胞化学研究

采用改进的焦锑酸钙细胞化学方法 ,探讨了葡聚六糖诱导后Ca2 在黄瓜幼苗细胞中超微结构定位变化动态。结果表明 ,在正常情况下 ,黄瓜幼苗的细胞壁和细胞间隙存在大量Ca2 。葡聚六糖诱导后2h,细胞壁和细胞间隙Ca2 沉淀物明显减少 ;诱导后4h ,细胞壁和细胞间隙只偶尔能看到有少量Ca2 沉淀物 ,细胞质中Ca2 沉淀物增多 ;诱导后7h ,Ca2 又重新流回细胞壁和细胞间隙     

Resistance in Cucumis sativus L. to Tetranychus urticae Koch. 4. The genuineness of the resistance

Summary For several generations subpopulations of the twospotted spider mite were reared on cucumber varieties previously selected as partially resistant. Subsequently resistance tests were carried out in the laboratory and the glasshouse with mites from these subpopulations and concurrently with mites from a basic population reared on a susceptible cucumber line. In these tests neither acceptance nor net reproduction or damage index on the partially resistant varieties depended on the kind of mite populations used as inoculum. Therefore it is concluded that the resistance is genuine. The stability of the resistance is discussed.     

黄瓜子叶法筛选蔬菜灰霉病杀菌剂的研究

研究了以“黄瓜子叶法”为特征的蔬菜灰霉病杀菌剂的筛选模式.采用本方法标准药剂速克灵、扑海因获得很好的重复性;接种最适宜的分生孢子浓度为1×10~5/ml;菌丝菌龄对实验结果有明显的影响;采用浸渍法或喷雾法进行药剂处理对实验结果影响不大,但前者操作似更简单.供试乳化剂、溶剂中,除农乳700号及二甲基甲酰胺之外,对蔬菜灰霉病菌均无明显的影响.     

Gummy stem blight resistance of cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.)

Summary A start was made with breeding for resistance to gummy stem blight in cucumber. A method has been development for screening plants in a young stage. Using this method a distinct level of resistance was found in plants of Leningradsky, Wjarnikovsky,a P.I. entry from Birma, Rheinische Vorgebirge and a P.I.entry from Turkey. Lines developed from this material show a higher level of resistance than Dutch slicing and pickling cucumber varieties.     

Resistance in Cucumis sativus L. to Tetranychus urticae Koch. 2. Designing a reliable laboratory test for resistance based on aspects of the host-parasite relationship

Summary The relationship between the twospotted spider mite and cucumber has been studied on plants and on leaf disks of a number of varieties with different levels of resistance. Existing laboratory tests are critically discussed and it appears that they are only reliable if many factors are taken into account. A new, more efficient laboratory test for resistance, measuring acceptance and reproduction is described.