铈浸种对两种草坪植物种子萌发及其初期生长的影响

通过研究稀土元素浸种对黑麦草和高羊茅种子萌发及初期生长影响,结果表明：铈浸种有助于高羊茅和黑麦草的萌发和初期生长,其最适宜的浓度范围是200～300 mg/L.硝酸铈浓度为250 mg/L时,黑麦草种子活力指数最高,和对照相比增加了63.0%,而高羊茅在硝酸铈浓度为300 mg/L时最高,比对照提高了90.9%.200 mg/L和250 mg/L硝酸铈能显著促进两种草坪植物幼苗株高生长,和对照相比,黑麦草在播种后第4天最高增加了86.4%,高羊茅在播种后第7天增加了58.9%.铈浸种也能明显促进草坪植物生物量的积累及根系生长,硝酸铈浓度为200 mg/L时,黑麦草获得最高的地上生物量,比对照增加了28.8%,而高羊茅在硝酸铈浓度为300 mg/L时地上生物量为最大,比对照增加了39.9%.当硝酸铈浓度为250 mg/L时,黑麦草根长、根重分别比对照增加65.4%、83.8%,而高羊茅的根长是对照的2.07倍,根重比对照增加50.0%,须根数也明显多于对照;并且两种草坪植物的根冠比也都得到明显的提高,有利于提高草坪植物的抗旱性.     

关于《中国兽药典》附录中硫酸铈、碘滴定液标定方法研究

将《中国兽药典》附录中收载的硫酸铈、碘滴定液标定方法与美国、英国、日本三国药典中的标定方法进行比较分析,确定《中国兽药典》标定方法缺陷,找出各国药典之间的异同点,并提出新的标定方法,以期引起药典制订者及检测人员的关注。     

小麦花药培养效率的影响因素研究

【目的】研究影响小麦花药培养特性的因素,优化小麦花药培养条件,提高小麦花药培养效率。【方法】以10个普通小麦品种(系)及其16个杂交F₁代花药为材料,研究了普通小麦基因型、基本培养基种类及低温预处理时间、诱导培养基附加脯氨酸和硝酸铈对小麦花药培养特性的影响。【结果】不同基因型小麦花药培养特性差异较大,供试基因型的花药反应率与愈伤组织诱导率相关性高,而两者与绿苗分化率无相关性。荔高6号×置丰0502 F₁、周麦16×BI0452 F₁、烟农19×开麦18 F₁、豫麦69×新麦208 F₁、煤生0308和皖麦41×烟农19 F₁有较高的绿苗产率;基本培养基种类对供试小麦花药愈伤组织诱导率、反应率、绿苗产率有显著影响,对绿苗分化率影响不显著,癸培养基小麦花药培养特性总体优于C₁₇培养基;小麦花药低温预处理时间以0.5 d最佳;在诱导培养基中加入3.0～4.5 mg/L硝酸铈后,小麦花药愈伤组织诱导率提高83%～430%,绿苗产率提高82%～557%;600 mg/L的脯氨酸可以使小麦花药的愈伤组织诱导率提高118%,绿苗产率提高222%。【结论】选择花药培养特性好的基因型、对花药低温预处理0.5 d、在癸诱导培养基中添加4.5 mg/L硝酸铈和600 mg/L脯氨酸,可大幅度提高小麦花药的培养效率。     

不同氯化铈水平对南江黄羊瘤胃体外发酵的影响

本试验用体外培养法研究不同氯化铈添加水平对南江黄羊瘤胃发酵的影响,旨在筛选稀土元素铈作为南江黄羊添加剂的最适添加量。用4只装有永久瘤胃瘘管、体重约25 kg的阉割南江黄羊为瘤胃液供体动物,试验组分别添加0.003%DM、0.006%DM、0.012%DMCeCl3.7H2O和0.024%DM,同时设置一个对照组。结果表明:体外发酵24 h后,试验组pH均低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组的产气量均高于对照组,其中0.024%D M组显著提高(P<0.05);除0.006%D M组外,试验组NH3-N浓度均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);TVFA、乙酸、丙酸均高于对照组(P<0.05);除0.003%DM组外,试验组MCP浓度均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结果显示,氯化铈能够促进瘤胃内有机物的降解,促进瘤胃微生物蛋白合成,提高TVFA产量,氯化铈的最适添加量为0.012%DM。     

稀土元素铈(~(141)Ce)在小鼠体内的分布与蓄积动态

采用两种铈剂量的饲料饲喂小鼠 ,利用14 1Ce示踪研究了小鼠在不同时间摄取铈后在脏器中的分布和蓄积动态。结果表明 ,滞留于体内的铈经过再分配而在各脏器组织中均有分布 ,其中眼、骨骼、睾丸、心脏、大脑和脂肪内的蓄积量较高 ,且随剂量或摄入时间的增加而增加 ,表现了明显的选择性蓄积。眼球的蓄积性尤为突出 ,明显高于其它脏器     

Cerium binding activity of pectins isolated from the seagrasses Zostera marina and Phyllospadix iwatensis

Cerium binding activity of three different water soluble pectin compounds of different origin was studied in a batch sorption system. The Langmuir, Freundlich and BET sorption models were adopted to describe the binding reactions between metal ions and pectin molecules. The Langmuir model provided the best fit. Within the pH range from 4.0 to 6.0, the largest amount of the cerium ions was bound by pectin isolated from the seagrass Phylospadix iwatensis in comparison to pectin extracted from the seagrass Zostera marina and pectin obtained from citrus peel (commercial grade). The Langmuir constants were also highest for the pectin samples isolated from the seagrass P. iwatensis. The results obtained from this study suggest that pectin is a prospective source for the development of radioisotope-removing pharmaceuticals.     

铈对黄瓜幼苗抗冷性生理影响的研究

在低温胁迫条件下,采用不同浓度的稀土铈对黄瓜幼苗进行诱导处理,通过测定黄瓜幼苗在一定时期内叶绿素和脯氨酸含量的变化及其对黄瓜幼苗抗冷性的生理影响。结果表明:在冷害胁迫条件下,施用铈可以提高黄瓜幼苗的叶绿素及脯氨酸含量水平,进而影响其生理生化发育。     

Ce对UV-B辐射胁迫下鼓粒期大豆光合色素的影响

以大豆东农47为试材,采用盆栽方式,研究稀土元素Ce(Ⅲ)对UV-B辐射胁迫下鼓粒期大豆光合色素含量的影响。结果表明,40mg·L-1CeCl3能有效减缓紫外辐射胁迫所导致的叶绿素a与叶绿素b及类胡萝卜素含量下降趋势;在Ce(Ⅲ)处理前20d三项指标的变化规律均为CeCKCe+TT;Ce(Ⅲ)的介入可在一定程度上减轻UV-B辐射对光合色素的损伤。但Ce(Ⅲ)处理20d后,Ce和Ce+T曲线分别接近CK和T曲线,说明此时Ce基本已失去保护作用。研究为进一步探讨稀土元素防护紫外辐射(UV-B)农作物的损伤机理提供理论依据。     

Alleviation effect of dietary cerium and its complex with chitosan oligosaccharide on cadmium accumulation in juvenile turbot,Scophthalmus maximus L., under cadmium stress

An 8 weeks feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary cerium (Ce) and its complex with chitosan oligosaccharide (COS‐Ce) on growth performance and cadmium (Cd) accumulation of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus L. under Cd stress. The basal diet (Diet 0) was formulated without Cd and cerium as the control. Seven other experimental diets (Diets 1–7) were formulated with supplementation of 50 mg Cd²⁺/kg feed, 50 mg Cd²⁺/kg and 50 mg Ce³⁺/kg feed, 50 mg Cd²⁺/kg and 100 mg Ce³⁺/kg feed, 50 mg Cd²⁺/kg and 200 mg Ce³⁺/kg feed, 50 mg Cd²⁺/kg and 50 mg COS‐Ce/kg feed, 50 mg Cd²⁺/kg and 100 mg COS‐Ce/kg feed, and 50 mg Cd²⁺/kg +200 mg COS‐Ce/kg feed. Results of the present study showed that, compared with the control group, the condition factor in fish fed the diet with 50 mg Cd²⁺/kg feed (Diet 1) was significantly lower, whereas the Cd concentration in liver and kidney of fish fed the diet with 50 mg/kg Cd²⁺ (Diet 1) was significantly higher (P < 0.05). The high Cd accumulation of fish fed diets with sole 50 mg/kg Cd (Diet 1) could be significantly decreased by 51.72% after supplementation of 200 mg COS‐Ce/kg in the diet (Diet 7). These results suggested that elevated COS‐Ce could effectively protect against dietary Cd accumulation in turbot.     

稀土元素铈（Ce）对雄性小鼠精子畸形率和因清酮分泌的影响

研究两种剂量和两种染毒方法对雄性小鼠性腺的影响，结果发现200和800mg.kg^-1.d^-1的随饲料摄入，雄性小鼠业子畸形率均显高于对照，且与摄入时间和剂量呈依赖性关系，后期（30和45d)尤为明显，小鼠睾丸重略有下降，但差异不显，以铈200mg.kg^-1腹腔注射急性染毒，对小鼠睾酮分泌有一定的影响，小鼠血清睾酮浓度较对照为低，而以200和800mg.kg^-1.d^-1剂量随饲料摄入（45D）的小鼠，血清中睾酮浓度变化不明显。