我国菜用大豆研究进展与生产利用现状

中国有种植菜用大豆的悠久历史。近十几年来,中国逐步成为世界上菜用大豆的主要出口国。笔者论述了菜用大豆的国际市场需求动态、科研生产现状及未来研究发展趋势,为拓展我国菜用大豆的消费市场和发展出口创汇生产及开展高产、优质、抗病育种提供参考建议。     

武汉地区夏季蔬菜硝酸盐含量状况及其防治

通过对武汉市夏季市场供应的主要蔬菜硝酸盐监测,发现蔬菜硝酸盐污染十分严重,并对影响蔬菜硝酸盐累积的原因进行了探讨,同时提出了防治硝酸盐污染的措施。     

无公害蔬菜无土栽培基质理化特性研究

以煤渣、珍珠岩和菌渣为供试材料,将其配制成复合基质,以莴笋为供试蔬菜,研究了各复配基质的理化特性、重金属含量、营养元素的变化及其对莴笋品质的影响。结果表明有机-无机基质 J3(煤渣珍珠岩菌渣＝114)的各项指标都优于其它几种基质,栽培出的蔬菜 NO-3,重金属含量低,栽培后基质营养元素含量仍很高,可作为多茬栽培的基质,是较为理想的无土栽培基质。     

湿热地区无公害蔬菜生产技术探讨——以云南省思茅地区为例

根据湿热地区气候特点和蔬菜生产的现状，探讨了发展无公害蔬菜生产的意义和技术措施。作者认为，发展无公害蔬菜是保护环境和促进经济发展的有效措施；推行有害生产综合防治技术，优先采用农业和生物防治措施；科学使用化肥农药，并建立蔬菜质量检测、监督管理机构和机制，可促进无公害蔬菜生产的发展。     

果蔬复合汁在贮藏过程中维生素C的变化

选用山楂，胡萝卜，沙棘，穗醋粟，姜5种果蔬作为复合汁的材料，对复合汁Vc的稳定性及其在贮藏过程中的变化进行了研究。试验表明，果蔬复合汁在贮藏过程的前期，Vc损失迅速，以后Vc的变化趋于缓慢，在5种果蔬原料中，沙棘汁对Vc具有明显的保护作用，姜汁对Vc具有一定的破坏作用。     

野生滇牡丹资源调查与分析

2008-2009年对野生滇牡丹种质资源集中分布中心云南中部至西北部进行了比较全面的调查与分析,内容包括了滇牡丹生境和群体生长、单株开花状况等。分析了滇牡丹开花物候期及其影响因子、群落结构、种群数量动态变化等。最后总结了野生滇牡丹种质资源现状,以及适于滇牡丹生长和繁殖的立地条件及其保护措施。       

沈阳市全力监测海南豇豆 确保市民吃上放心蔬菜

针对"海南毒豇豆"事件,沈阳市农业检测中心加强对南方豆类蔬菜的检测力度,确保沈阳市民吃上放心蔬菜,确保农产品质量安全。     

Micropropagation of Prunus scoparia,a Suitable Rootstock for Almond under Drought Conditions

Prunus scoparia is a wild deciduous shrub, usually living on dry calcareous soils of the rocky mountains and has been used as a grafting rootstock for domesticated almonds to provide drought resistance. In the current study, micropropagation ability of P. scoparia was investigated using cytokinin and auxin. Uniform nodal shoot pieces (3–5 cm in length) of seedlings were used as explants. The explants were disinfected with 10% sodium hypochlorite solution. For adventitious shoot induction and proliferation, Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing 7.00 g/l agar and 30.00 g/l sucrose containing five concentrations of benzyl adenine (BA) (0.00, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, and 4.00 mg/1) and also containing six concentrations of Thidiazuron (TDZ) (0.00, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, 5.00, and 7.00 mg/1) were compared. For rooting, in vitro shoots (2–3 cm) were transferred into ½ MS medium supplemented with 30 g/l sucrose, 7.50 g/l agar, and different concentrations of IBA (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 mg/l) and NAA (0.00, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 mg/l). Based on the results obtained for shoot proliferation, only 2.00 and 4.00 mg/l BA and 2.00 mg/l TDZ concentrations generated shoots, while other treatments did not show shoot proliferation. Among the three treatments that generated shoots, the best results for shoot number, leaf number, and leaf color quality were observed in media containing 2.00 mg/l TDZ. Based on the results obtained for rooting, the effect of IBA concentrations on the rooting percentage, root number, and root length was significant. Among IBA concentrations, only 0.50 mg/l IBA induced rooting, while there was no rooting in the media containing other IBA concentrations. None of the NAA concentrations showed rooting. In conclusion, MS culture medium supplemented with 2.00 mg/l TDZ and ½ MS culture medium supplemented with 0.50 mg/l IBA are suggested for in vitro shoot proliferation and rooting of P. scoparia, respectively. The results presented herein could be used for in vitro selection and micropropagation of P. scoparia.     

Inhibition of postharvest senescence of green leafy vegetables by exogenous D-cysteine and L-cysteine as precursors of hydrogen sulphide

Hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) inhibits senescence in harvested fruit and vegetables but presents logistical, safety and regulatory issues to become a commercial treatment. D-cysteine and L-cysteine are semi-essential amino acids that are metabolised to hydrogen sulphide by plant tissues albeit by different pathways. This paper examines the effect of cysteine on postharvest senescence of three green leafy vegetables. Spraying pak choy leaves with 10 mmol D-cysteine, L-cysteine or DL-cysteine inhibited leaf senescence through a delayed loss of green colour expressed as market life, reduced respiration rate and reduced ethylene production. The beneficial effects of cysteine were similar to those achieved by fumigation with hydrogen sulphide. L-cysteine sprays on parsley and peppermint leaves also showed reduced leaf colour loss and respiration compared to untreated leaves. Cysteine, either as the racemate or individual enantiomers, is considered to have commercial potential for green leafy vegetables as it provides the beneficial effect of hydrogen sulphide but should be easier to register for commercial use due to the GRAS status of L-cysteine.     

GC-MS结合保留指数分析白柠檬油挥发性成分

本文综述了果蔬多酚的分类、成分、含量、抗氧化作用和机理,展望了其发展空间和市场前景,以期为果蔬多酚的应用和开发提供参考。