Herbicide effect on growth and seed production of Lolium multiflorum in Atlantic Canada

Lolium multiflorum Lam. (annual ryegrass) is used extensively as a forage crop and seed is produced in several areas worldwide. Seed production has been shown to be commercially possible in Atlantic Canada but improved weed control is needed. Studies were conducted in two provinces (Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick) to determine the effects of the herbicides bentazon, bromoxynil/MCPA, dicamba/MCPA, thifensulfuron/tribenuron, 2,4-D and MCPA on weed control, L. multiflorum growth, seed yields and seed germination in 1998 and 1999. The herbicides MCPA, dicamba/MCPA and bromoxynil/MCPA as evaluated in these experiments provided acceptable control of the broad-leaved weeds present and had no effect on seed yield or seed germination. Although the thifensulfuron/tribenuron caused early foliar injury, the plants recovered and it provided excellent weed control. None of the herbicides affected seed germination. MCPA, dicamba/MCPA and bromoxynil/MCPA could be used to provide control of broad-leaved weeds and thifensulfuron/tribenuron could be used if growers were willing to accept some early injury and possible yield loss to obtain the improved weed control.     

70%氟唑磺隆WDG防除冬小麦田杂草的药效

[目的]研究了氟唑磺隆及其复配剂对冬小麦田杂草的效果。[方法]调查了氟唑磺隆及其复配剂使用的安全性和防效。[结果]70%氟唑磺隆WDG 45.0和52.5 g/hm2对小麦田禾本科杂草的防效较差,对阔叶草无效;氟唑磺隆和苯磺隆、二甲四氯铵盐复配,可以提高对小麦田阔叶杂草生长的控制效果,但降低了氟唑磺隆对禾本科杂草的控制效果。[结论]在试验期间,未发现氟唑磺隆及其复配剂对冬小麦有药害,氟唑磺隆对冬小麦安全。     

谷田杂草化学防除面临的问题及发展趋势

结合谷田杂草发生状况、化学除草以及谷子生产现状,综合分析了谷田化学除草应注意的事项、存在的主要问题和对策,探讨了谷田化学除草和除草剂的发展趋势。谷田化学除草的发展趋势为以高效除草剂44%谷友（单嘧.扑灭）WP为主导,以44%单嘧.扑灭WP＋懒谷3号＋间苗剂为主要模式,逐渐过渡到以灭生性除草剂＋抗除草剂谷子品种为主要模式。谷田杂草治理向综合防治方向发展。     

祁连山区建植二年不同人工草地杂草群落特性的研究

对祁连山区人工多年生不同禾草草地建植第二年杂草群落特性进行的研究结果表明,该区禾草人工草地杂草种类组成较为复杂(26种均为阔叶杂草),但危害不大,只是其中细叶亚菊生长旺盛,与禾草共生,同期生长,频度较高,密度、盖度较小。通过计算SDR4值知该草地杂草入侵不严重。     

玉米间作菊花脑高效栽培方法对玉米杂草的影响

研究了玉米间作菊花脑的高效栽培方法对玉米杂草的影响,以探究此间作方法对杂草的防效及间作经济效益,为在生产实践中进一步推广应用提供理论依据.结果表明,玉米菊花脑间作处理(T)较玉米单作处理(CK),玉米产量增加,每667 m2产值增加2496元,增收效果明显;间作处理的玉米维生素C、粗淀粉、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量分别提...     

48%烟嘧·莠去津可湿粉防除春玉米田杂草药效试验

应用48%烟嘧·莠去津可湿粉防除春玉米田杂草,试验表明,混配药剂对玉米正常生长,无药害状,在试验剂量内对作物安全性好。     

茶园虫病草防治存在的问题及对策

作者根据五十余年茶树植保工作实践总结茶园虫、病、草发生的三个共同特点及防治中存在的问题,提出5个方面的决策和相应的30余条具体措施.     

施田补对胡萝卜田杂草的防治效果研究

[目的]探究施田补在青海西宁地区胡萝p田的使用效果并筛选最佳使用浓度。[方法]通过小区试验设计研究了不同浓度（500、1000、1500、2000和2500倍液）施田补对胡萝卜生长的影响及对田间杂草的防治效果。[结果]对胡萝卜田喷洒33％施田补1500倍液有显著的除草效果，增产效果达25％以上，不同时期的灭草率在92％以上，且使用安全。[结论]施田补可在西宁地区胡萝卜田推广使用。     

Participatory evaluation of mechanical weeders in lowland rice production systems in Benin

Weeds are a major constraint to rice (Oryza sativa) production in sub-Saharan Africa. Use of mechanical hand weeders could reduce the labor required for weeding. This paper uses a participatory approach to examine the suitability of six mechanical weeders in Benin. A total of 157 farmers (93 male, 64 female) in 14 villages tested the mechanical weeders, ranked them in order of preference, and compared them with their own weed management practices. The ring hoe had the highest rank, followed by the straight-spike weeder; 97% of the farmers preferred the ring hoe to their own weed management practices, by hand or using traditional hoe, because of its easy operation and high efficiency. The ring hoe tended to be preferred especially in the fields with non-ponded water and relatively higher weed pressure. The straight-spike weeder tended to be preferred to ring hoe in the fields where weed pressure is less, whereas in ponded conditions, farmers liked these two weeders in equal proportion. The preference of weeders was not related to gender, rice field size, or years of experience of rice cultivation. Among 23 farmers who used herbicides, 17 farmers preferred herbicides to the ring hoe and have rice field of >0.5 ha. Mechanical weeders can offer an effective approach for weed management, especially for small-scale rice farmers, and different types of mechanical weeders should be introduced to farmers based on water regimes and weed pressure level.