大棚不同地膜栽培对蔬菜生长及产量的影响

通过在大棚内进行不同地膜,研究了大棚内麻地膜覆盖对辣椒、黄瓜生长及产量的影响。试验结果表明,大棚内麻地膜覆盖栽培促进蔬菜生长,提高辣椒、黄瓜产量。麻地膜覆盖栽培辣椒、黄瓜比聚乙烯农用黑膜增产5．2％、14．5％,比CK（不覆盖）增产24．7％、23．0％,与对照相比均达到显著差异。     

十堰市蔬菜产业现状及对策

十堰市蔬菜产业在逆境中稳定发展,产品总量逐年增加,经济效益不断提升,基地类型趋于优化,科技应用逐步深入,市场流通相对完善,龙头企业稳步壮大,同时也面临着生产成本高、交易成本高、生产风险大、加工损耗大等挑战,且供求矛盾和价格波动长期存在。对十堰市蔬菜产业建设稳定的现状及主要问题进行剖析,系统性地提出了十堰市蔬菜产业发展对策,即明确责任目标,完善规划布局,强化政策支撑,保增基地面积,完善服务网络,做强龙头企业,整合品牌资源,完善建管机制。     

蔬菜茎叶混合青贮技术及其应用研究进展

蔬菜茎叶青绿多汁,适口性好,含有丰富的粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗纤维,是牲畜的优质饲料.然而,除了小部分作为青绿饲料直接饲喂动物外,大部分蔬菜茎叶下脚料被遗弃或抛弃,这不仅造成资源浪费,而且造成环境污染.通过青贮等方式将蔬菜茎叶加工成动物饲料,既可以提高其利用价值,又可以取得良好的社会效益.对蔬菜茎叶混合青贮技术、影响青贮效果的因素及其在养殖业中的应用进行了综述.     

靖远县不同前茬复种蔬菜效益对比

在靖远县开展的不同前茬复种蔬菜效益对比试验结果表明,与单种小麦相比,单种针叶豌豆的产量略低,但产值较高、成本投入较低,是比较理想的复种前茬。针叶豌豆茬的蔬菜产量普遍高于小麦茬,其中大白菜增产15.33%,青萝卜增产23.55%,甘蓝增产15.21%。豌豆茬较小麦茬复种大白菜增收54.02%,复种青萝卜增收36.25%,复种甘蓝增收55.19%。豌豆茬复种蔬菜比小麦茬既增产又增收,是最佳模式。     

赤峰市设施农业发展现状

通过深入的调查分析,文章就赤峰市设施农业的发展现状进行了详细的描述,为地方政府制定相关政策,实现赤峰市的设施蔬菜产业的健康、稳定和可持续发展提供参考。     

我国保护地蔬菜害虫生物防治研究进展

当前保护地蔬菜害虫为害日益严重,鉴于化学农药防治易造成污染,生物防治必将成为保护地蔬菜害虫防治的优选。对常见的生物防治技术和方法,包括天敌昆虫、昆虫病原微生物、昆虫信息素、杀虫抗生素、植物源农药及新兴生物技术在害虫生物防治中的应用作一简要概述,为保护地蔬菜安全生产提供技术指导。     

Estimating the component of soil respiration not dependent on living plant roots: Comparison of the indirect y-intercept regression approach and direct bare plot approach

Distinguishing between root and non-root derived CO₂ efflux is important when determining rates of soil organic matter turnover, however, in practice they remain difficult to separate. Our aim was to evaluate two methods for determining the component of below-ground respiration not dependent on plant roots (i.e., basal soil respiration; R_b). The first approach estimated R_b indirectly from the y-intercept of linear regressions between below-ground respiration (BGR) and root biomass. The second approach involved direct measurements of soil respiration from bare plots. To compare the contrasting approaches, BGR and crop biomass measurements were collected throughout the year in a range of agricultural systems. We found that both methods were very closely correlated with each other. Values of R_b determined by the intercept approach, however, were slightly higher than those determined by measurement of bare plots. Both approaches showed a seasonal trend with estimates of R_b lowest in winter months at 0.02 t C ha⁻¹ month⁻¹ for the y-intercept approach and 0.11 t C ha⁻¹ month⁻¹ for the bare plots approach, even after the data had been corrected for the influence of soil temperature. Highest rates of R_b occurred from the height to the end of the crop growing season (0.8-1.5 t C ha⁻¹ month⁻¹). The annual CO₂ efflux due to R_b was estimated to be 8.1 t C ha⁻¹ y⁻¹ from the y-intercept approach and 6.8 t C ha⁻¹ y⁻¹ from bare plots. Annual BGR was 12.1 t C ha⁻¹ y⁻¹. We conclude that both methods provide similar estimates of R_b, however, logistically the bare plots approach is much easier to undertake than the y-intercept approach.     

蜗牛对蔬菜和玉米的危害与趋向性研究

以番茄、瓠瓜、大白菜、花椰菜、辣椒、茄子、长豇豆、大蒜、芹菜和玉米为试材，研究了
蜗牛对蔬菜和玉米的危害与趋向性。结果表明：蜗牛能啮食大白菜、花椰菜、瓠瓜、辣椒、茄子、玉米苗、
芹菜等7 种作物，在移栽后1 d 即能取食，且有正趋性；番茄、长豇豆和大蒜上未发现蜗牛取食迹象，并
有负趋性。蜗牛最喜欢啮食大白菜，趋性最强；其次是花椰菜；大蒜对蜗牛的负趋性最大。     

山东寿光蔬菜对土壤中重金属富集的溯源规律及选择性种植

对山东寿光蔬菜基地土壤及蔬菜中的重金属含量进行了检测分析,研究了蔬菜中重金属富集的可溯源性。结果表明,几种主要重金属在土壤中和蔬菜中含量的高低顺序基本一致。据此提出了蔬菜的选择性种植方法,即在查明区域土壤重金属含量的情况下,按照蔬菜对重金属富集的差异性来选择要种植的蔬菜种类。     

吐鲁番市日光温室蔬菜不同种植模式水分利用效率调查

为明确吐鲁番市设施蔬菜水分高效利用的合理灌溉方式，调查了沟灌和滴灌对吐鲁番市日光温室早春茬哈密瓜、黄瓜、辣椒和番茄产量、效益和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：在吐鲁番市，滴灌哈密瓜每667 m² 产量比沟灌高100 kg，每667 m²纯收入多1 017.6 元；滴灌黄瓜、辣椒和番茄每667 m²产量和经济效益均稍低于沟灌；但滴灌哈密瓜、黄瓜、辣椒和番茄的水分利用效率和水分经济利用效率比沟灌高1～3 倍。综合考虑，滴灌是吐鲁番市日光温室蔬菜生产中应重点推广的灌溉方式。