三个天然次生林群落中主要树木种群间联结关系的研究

通过对三个天然次生林群落中几个主要树木种群的ＲＡ、ＲＤ、ＲＦ及ＩＶ值的比较分析以及种间联结系数（ＡＣ）的求算，研究了各主要树木种群间的相互关系，并通过种间联结星座图（ｃｏｎｓｔｅｌｌａｔｉｏｎｇｒａｐｈ）对此种关系作了直观反映．研究结果对于深入分析天然次生林群落结构形成的内在机制及其动态特征具有重生意义．     

乔木树种下种行为与林分景观更新

为揭示林分景观更新的内在规律，应用数学物理方法从理论上模拟了乔木树种的下种行为，提出了更新的基本单元，环向行为，侧向行为，下种空间和树和中位移等新概念，以及下种行为模拟的参数指标如下种宽度，下种范围，更新高梯度，景观更新面积比，景观更新空间比，临界苗高，空间阻力等，并且通过实例说明了各种参数的计算方法和应用途径。     

基于机器视觉的树木图像实时采集与识别系统

研究了树木图像的实时采集与识别技术 ,以及树木图像处理及分析软件系统的开发 ,并自行设计制作了室内模拟实验系统。树木图像处理技术包括图像的获取、图像的增强、图像边缘检测、图像分割和图像的特征提取与识别。本文的研究能够为分离施药目标与非施药目标提供依据 ,有助于精确农药喷雾的实现。     

Relationships of climate change and tree ring of Betula ermanii tree line forest in Changbai Mountain

Based on the tree-ring growth characteristics of Erman＇s birch （Betula ermanii charm.） and the relationships between it and climatic ）＇actors at elevation of 1950m, the sensitivity of tree lines in Changbai Mountain to climatic factors was assessed. The results indicated tree line forest in Changbai Mountain had an obvious sensitivity to climate factors. However, difference from other study sits is that the main climatic control factor on tree-ring growth was not current growth season temperatures, as might be expected, but previous winter and current March temperature. Although the precipitation in the region was quite abundant, the tree-ring growth was still significantly correlated with the precipitation during previous winter and current spring. Additionally, climatic factors which influenced the Erman＇s birch growth were not the yearly variables, but seasonal and monthly variables. Therefore, the reported increase in yearly mean temperature and total yearly precipitation since 1980s was not responded by sustained increase in ring widths in recent decades.     

夏季遮荫改善大田牡丹叶片光合功能的研究

利用气体交换和叶绿素荧光分析技术,研究大田牡丹叶片在自然光照和夏季遮荫处理下光合作用日变化.结果表明:自然光下夏季牡丹叶片的净光合速率(Pn)明显低于春季,2个生长季节Pn日变化差异明显,即春季的Pn日变化呈"单峰型"曲线,夏季的Pn日变化为"双峰型"曲线,有明显的光合"午休";羧化效率(CE)变化趋势与Pn相似;表观量子效率(AQY)中午降低,下午逐渐回升;光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)最大光化学效率Fv/Fm和最大荧光Fm日变化为倒"单峰型"曲线,中午明显降低;与夏季自然光下相比,夏季遮荫处理(遮光50%)的牡丹叶片Pn、AQY、CE升高;气孔限制值(Ls)和叶温(t1)降低;Fv/Fm和Fm中午下降幅度显著减小.这些结果说明:夏季晴天中午高温、强光下,牡丹叶片PSⅡ反应中心发生了可逆失活,PSⅡ功能下调,光合作用的光抑制明显发生,遮荫可减轻光抑制,改善光合功能以增加光合产物积累.     

武汉园博园碳汇效能综合研究

随着生态宜居城市的建设,城市绿地固碳释氧的环境改善功能逐步受到重视,植被碳汇的量化研究也逐渐成为科学评价绿地环境效益的主要内容。文章以武汉园博园为研究对象,利用RS/GIS,结合美国景观绩效平台的National Tree Benefit Calculator (国家树木效益计算器),计算出武汉园博园的林木植被在2017年的碳汇效能及相应的经济价值,探讨武汉园博园的生态功能和价值。     

树种枝叶微观结构对树种燃烧性的影响研究

选择具有不同抗火能力的亚热带树种来研究树叶和树枝的微观组织结构与燃烧性的关系，分别测定木荷、茶树、油茶、苦槠、女贞、石楠、日本珊瑚树、枇杷、杉木和马尾松等10个树种叶片、叶脉和树枝的组织比，并利用锥形量热仪测定样品的阻火性。结果发现，树叶构造对燃烧性有影响，阔叶树种的树叶结构有利于水分的传输与蒸散，叶脉中木质部比重越大，越有利于水分的传输；海绵组织，栅栏组织与火发生指数之间存在显著的回归关系，茶树、木荷的海绵组织，栅栏组织比值高，抗火能力强。树枝的燃烧性与其结构密切相关。特别是树枝的抗火性与其导管所占比例正相关，木荷、日本珊瑚树的导管比重大，传输水分的能力强，抗火烧能力强。     

Mechanism of JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway in ischemic postconditio-ning neuroprotection after cerebral ischemia in tree shrews

AIM: To investigate the regulatory effect of JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway on the neuroprotection of ischemic postconditioning (IPoC) in tree shrews, and to explore the mechanisms of cerebral injury deterioration after inhibiting the JAK2-STAT3 pathway. METHODS: The model of thrombotic cerebral ischemia was induced by photochemical reaction in tree shrews and the IPoC was established at 4 h after ischemia followed by clipping ipsilateral common carotid artery on the ischemia side for 5 min (3 times). After IPoC and intracerebroventricular injection of AG490 (JAK2 inhibitor), the changes of cerebral infarction area were detected by TTC staining, and the histological and ultrastructural changes of cortical neurons were observed under light and electron microscopes, respectively. The protein levels of t-STAT3 and p-STAT3 in the cortical tissue were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: The neuronal pycnosis, mitochondrial swelling and vanish of the mitochondrial cristae were found in cortical cortex, and the infarction area was (24.78±3.30)% at 24 h after cerebral ischemia. Meanwhile, the phosphorylation level of STAT3 protein in the cortical tissue was significantly increased (P<0.01). The cortical neuronal damage and mitochondrial swelling were decreased after IPoC, the area of cerebral infarction was significantly reduced to (17.67±1.83)% (P<0.01), and the phosphorylation level of STAT3 protein was further increased (P<0.01). However, the neuronal damage was aggravated, the infarction area was expanded to (23.85±2.77)%(P<0.05) after treatment with AG490, and the phosphorylation level of STAT3 protein was also significantly reduced (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: IPoC may reduce cerebral injury by regulating the phosphorylation of STAT3 protein, and inhibition of JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway may counteract the cerebral protective effect of IPoC and aggravate brain injury.     

空间前方交会中外方位元素误差对测量立木高度的影响

从理论上推导了外方位元素包含误差的情况下,利用空间前方交会法对测量树高的影响,并对影响树高测量精度的外方位元素误差进行了实践检证。结果表明,外方位元素在一定误差范围内,利用空间前方交会理论测量树高,精度较高。     

不同苹果矮化中间砧组合适宜栽植密度试验

[目的]确定不同苹果矮化中间砧组合宽行密植栽培模式的合理栽植密度.[方法]选用2010年的定植天红2号/SH40/八棱海棠、烟富3/M9/八棱海棠、烟富3/M26/八棱海棠为试材,进行不同栽植密度试验,调查分析树体发育情况、枝类组成、果实品质、产量.其中,栽培密度：天红2号/SH40/八棱海棠0.75 m×4.00m、1.50m×4.00m、1.00m×4.00m、1.25 m ×4.00m;烟富3/M9/八棱海棠1.25m×4.00m、1.00m×4.00m、0.75 m×4.00m;烟富3/M26/八棱海棠1.50m×4.00m、1.25 m ×4.00 m、1.00 m ×4.00 m、0.75 m ×4.00m.[结果]3种砧穗组合所有处理树高均小于行距,行间均无交接现象,果胎枝所占比例0.75 m×4.00m和1.00m×4.00m处理较高.天红2号/SH40/八棱海棠以栽植密度0.75 m ×4.00 m处理产量最高,1.00m×4.00m处理果实硬度最高,1.25m×4.00m处理干截面积产量最低;烟富3/M9/八棱海棠以栽植密度0.75 m×4.00 m处理产量最高,并且果实品质优于其他处理;烟富3/M26/八棱海棠以1.25 m ×4.00 m处理干截面积产量较高,0.75 m×4.00m处理产量最高,并且果实品质优于1.25m×4.00m和1.50 m ×4.00 m处理.另外,0.75 m×4.00m栽植密度下,烟富3/M9/八棱海棠产量最高,烟富3/M26/八棱海棠次之,红2号/SH40/八棱海棠最低.[结论]烟富3/M26/八棱海棠和烟富3/M9/八棱海棠进行宽行密植栽培株行距选择0.75 m×4.00m为宜,天红2号/SH40/八棱海棠应选择0.75m ×4.00 m或1.00 m ×4.00 m.