玉溪市红塔区不同土地利用方式对土壤微生物数量及活性的影响

[目的]研究不同土地利用方式对土壤生态环境的影响.[方法]在玉溪市红塔区选取玉米地、樱桃地、林地3种代表性土地利用方式,测定3种土地利用方式下土壤微生物的数量及活性.[结果]3种土地利用方式下,土壤微生物类群中细菌占绝对优势,微生物总数从大到小依次为林地,樱桃地,玉米地;微生物总活性、过氧化氢酶活性和脲酶活性从大到小依次为樱桃地,林地,玉米地.[结论]微生物活性和功能除了与土地利用方式、土壤养分有关外,还与农田管理措施有关.     

三月红荔枝果皮钾钙镁含量变化与着色的关系

以三月红荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn.‘Sanyuehong’)果皮为材料,探讨果皮K,Ca和Mg含量动态变化与着色的关系。结果表明:在果皮着色发育过程中,叶绿素含量和h值呈显著下降趋势,花色素苷含量和a值呈显著上升趋势;全K和水溶性K含量总体上均呈下降趋势,全Ca和水溶性Mg含量总体上呈上升趋势,全Mg含量在4月16日前总体上上升,水溶性Ca含量则无显著变化。果皮花色素苷含量与果皮全K、全Ca、水溶性K和水溶性Mg等含量分别呈负、正、负和正相关一元指数函数回归关系。     

不同市场销售中药紫草的质量调查研究

[目的]调查市场上不同批次中药紫草的质量情况。[方法]优选提取方法后同时采用冷浸法和温浸法,以95%乙醇作为溶剂,采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定13个不同批次的紫草中羟基萘醌总色素的含量。[结果]13批紫草中羟基萘醌总色素的含量差异较大,且只有3个批次紫草中羟基萘醌总色素的含量在冷浸法和温浸法2种方法提取时均大于0.8%,另有2个批次紫草中羟基萘醌总色素的含量只在温浸法时大于0.8%。[结论]目前市场上销售的中药紫草质量品质参差不齐,且有很大一部分紫草的质量并不过关。     

淡水水体中细菌总数检测方法研究

研究了细菌总数的定义、其对环境的危害,梳理了当前国内外对淡水水体中细菌总数的标准限值要求及国内外标准中细菌总数的检测方法,不同的细菌总数检测方法中,培养基、培养温度、培养时间、培养基倾倒温度存在细微差异。     

不同樱桃番茄果实营养特性比较及遗传倾向研究

以不同亲本和F_1代樱桃番茄果实为材料,分别对感官品质、营养品质以及次生代谢物质总酚和类黄酮等指标进行综合分析,并对其主效成分进行遗传倾向的研究,探讨番茄果实营养特性及对杂种后代的遗传特性。结果表明,(1)F_1代樱桃番茄中7261和7264的品质较优,其营养品质以及次级代谢物总酚和类黄酮的质量分数显著较高,且产量均在6 kg/m~2左右;(2)在杂交育种过程中可溶性蛋白、维生素C质量分数、总酚以及类黄酮均具有超高的遗传力,均达到100%以上,对后代的遗传效果明显,而单果质量、番茄红素、可溶性糖以及可滴定酸的质量分数的遗传效果较不明显;(3)后代材料7261各指标的遗传力均显著较高,且可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C以及总酚分别出现超高亲植株,但是在后续的研究选育中仍需进一步探索其营养价值及遗传效果。     

不同方法提取淡色库蚊总RNA的定量比较分析

采用异硫氰酸胍法、Trizol法、Trizol改良法、CTAB法及Trizol+ CTAB 5种方法提取的淡色库蚊总RNA,以期得到最优方法.提取总RNA并用电泳及紫外分光光度计检测,经过Dnase I消化后反转录成cDNA,以此为模板,用CYP6F1引物作定量表达分析.结果表明,与其他几种方法相比,CTAB法提取的效果最好,提取的样品纯度高,完整性好,杂质较少,DNA残留少,降解不明显.CTAB法提取的RNA可以作为eDNA合成和基因克隆的模板,能够满足后续研究的需要.     

Regulation of Calcium on Peanut Photosynthesis Under Low Night Temperature Stress

The effects of different levels of CaCl 2 on photosynthesis under low night temperature（8°C） stress in peanuts were studied in order to find out the appropriate concentration of Ca2＋through the artificial climate chamber potted culture test.The results indicated that Ca2＋,by means of improving the stomatal conductivity of peanut leaves under low night temperature stress,may mitigate the decline of photosynthetic rate in the peanut leaves.The regulation with 15 mmol L-1CaCl 2（Ca15） was the most effective,compared with other treatments.Subsequently,the improvement of Ca2＋on peanut photosynthesis under low night temperature stress was validated further through spraying with Ca15,Ca2＋chelator（ethylene glycol bis（2-aminoethyl） tetraacetic acid; EGTA） and calmodulin antagonists（trifluonerazine; TFP）.And CaM（Ca2＋-modulin） played an important role in the nutritional signal transduction for Ca2＋mitigating photosynthesis limitations in peanuts under low night temperature stress.     

Evidence of diadromy in the French Polynesian Kuhlia malo (Teleostei: Percoidei) inferred from otolith microchemistry analysis

Abstract – Strontium/Calcium (Sr/Ca) and Barium/Calcium (Ba/Ca) ratios were measured in 60 otoliths of the French Polynesian flagtail Kuhlia malo. Both elemental ratios were needed to correctly distinguish residence in marine, brackish and fresh water. High Sr/Ca and low Ba/Ca around the nucleus of all otoliths provided evidence of marine residency during the early life of all individuals. At about 0.5 mm from the core, Ba/Ca increased rapidly and remained high in all otoliths. High and unstable Sr/Ca ratios were attributed to estuarine residency, whereas low and stable Sr/Ca ratios were attributed to freshwater residency. These chemical signatures inferred that following recruitment to rivers, some fish remained in the estuary, while others moved upstream. Some individuals shared their time between fresh and brackish waters later in life. The findings of this study have important implications for the protection of nearshore, brackish and freshwater environments for the conservation of this French Polynesian diadromous species.     

Sulfur content of plant material: A comparison of methods of oxidation prior to determination

Abstract

Procedures for S determination involving digestion of plant material with HNO₃/HClO₄ mixtures gave lower values than those using oxygen flask combustion. Tests on a range of S compounds showed that the HNO₃/HClO₄ procedure underestimated S present in methionine, cysteine and glutathione but S in sulfate and the glucosinolate, sinigrin, was not underestimated.

Low recoveries using HNO₃/HClO₄ digestion procedures can be due both to incomplete oxidation of certain compounds and to gaseous losses during the vigorous boiling stage of digestion.     

鹿角托盘总蛋白的提取工艺研究

[目的]优化鹿角托盘总蛋白提取工艺。[方法]以总蛋白得率为评价指标,采用单因素试验和正交试验设计优选最佳提取工艺。[结果]最佳提取工艺为：用含0.3mol/LNaCl,20mmol/LNa2HPO4缓冲液（pH值为9）提取,料液比为1：15,提取时间为24h,提取3次。在此工艺条件下,总蛋白得率达10%以上。[结论]试验优选出的工艺稳定、合理、可行。