中国禅宗的发展过程管窥公案“喫茶去”的般若

禅师以公案引渡修行者顿悟成佛者不在少数,也不乏因公案“东问西答”和“不可言说”二个特征,弄得丈二和尚摸不着头脑的修行者。如今饮茶已蔚然成风,倾心于“茶禅一味”之点睛公案“喫茶去”的学茶者或参禅者,多半也是雾里看花大惑不解。通过对佛教和禅宗发展过程的沿流溯源,管窥公案“喫茶去”的般若。     

小儿疳积的治疗与分析

近年来临床上小儿疳积的发病率有所上升，为探讨其发病原因及机理，笔者对百例零至八岁的独生子女做了饮食方面的调查，并运用祖国医学理论进行了辩证施治，收到了良好的疗效。     

Alternatives to reflective mulch cloth (Extenday™) for apple under hail net?

Fruit grown under hail net often suffer from lesser quality, lack of red colouration, insufficient fruit firmness viz storability and less sugar viz taste. Reflective white woven mulch cloth Extenday™ can overcome these shortcomings by improving light utilisation in the orchard, if spread 5–6 weeks prior to anticipated harvest on the grass of the alleys between the tree rows. The objective of the present work was to examine alternatives such as sustainable, organic materials including straw, lime and biodegradable white paint using 7-year-old cv. ‘Jonagold’ apple trees under a white hail net in Klein-Altendorf Research Centre near Bonn, Germany in August 2005. Uncovered grass strips served as control with a constant 6.6% light (PAR) reflection at 1.5 m height. When freshly applied, white paint initially reflected up to 8%, while fresh wheat straw reflected 13.6% light (PAR) commensurate to the reflective cloth Extenday™ with 13.9%, equivalent to a 2.1-fold increase in light reflection relative to the uncovered grassed control. No differences in ripening and starch breakdown were observed in the apple fruits, but reflective mulch improved their sugar content, and hence taste, by ca. 8% from 13.5% sugar in the control (uncovered grass alleys) to 14.6% sugar, without affecting the fruit size. The reflective mulch increased the percentage of class I fruit with >25% colouration by 8.3% (from 47.6 to 55.9%) under hail net in the grading relative to the control (grass alleys), resulting in financial gross or net gains of €870 or 530 ha⁻¹. The apparent discrepancy between the large initial light reflection of the straw, and paint to a lesser extent, but poor fruit quality 6–7 weeks later at harvest may be explained by the grass, which eventually penetrated the straw over time and white paint being washed off by precipitation in the autumn, whereas the grass maintained its optical properties, indicating no organic alternative to the reflective white, woven cloth.     

闽南乌龙茶审评技术

本文介绍了闽南乌龙茶(清香型和浓香型)的主要品质特征、评茶程序与方法以及评分标准。     

云南怒江河谷吃味型香料烟调制技术研究

试验通过不同的穿叶密度来探索适合吃味型香料烟品种的调制方法.结果表明,红花沙姆逊品种上部叶适合的穿叶密度为每米穿叶200片,中下部叶适合的穿叶密度为每米穿叶150片;杰尼克品种上部叶适合的穿叶密度为每米穿叶360片,中下部叶适合的穿叶密度为每米穿叶300片.     

模拟快递运输对雌性中华绒螯蟹活力及其蟹肉品质的影响

探究雌性中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)在运输过程中活力、生化特性和滋味品质的变化,并分析三者之间的相关性。通过模拟电商生鲜运输条件,对模拟快递运输24 h、48 h和72 h的中华绒螯蟹活力进行统计和评价,以乳酸、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)和pH等分析中华绒螯蟹蟹肉生化特性的变化,同时以游离氨基酸、呈味核苷酸及感官等评价中华绒螯蟹蟹肉滋味品质的变化。结果显示,中华绒螯蟹在24 h的模拟运输下,无死亡且活力强劲,蟹肉乳酸和TVB-N等与0 h组无显著差异,且24 h组蟹肉的苦味氨基酸含量最低,为105.10 mg/100 g,印证了活蟹当日送达的重要性。超过24 h后,中华绒螯蟹的活力显著下降,死亡率上升,其中,模拟运输48 h后死亡率为3.33%,72h后死亡率达40.00%;其蟹肉乳酸、TVB-N及pH显著升高;随着运输时间的延长,蟹肉鲜、甜、苦味游离氨基酸含量均呈先下降后上升的趋势,而在模拟运输72 h后,5′-肌苷酸(IMP)含量显著增加至97.47 mg/100 g,5′-鸟苷酸(GMP)含量骤降至6.49 mg/100 g。感官结果则表明,经过模拟快递运输...     

不同生长环境对稻米食味品质的影响

通过对吉林省优质水稻品种及主要推广品种在不同生长环境条件下进行稻米品质指标分析与食味测试结果表明:①种植在吉林稻区品质优于通化稻区,其碾米品质中精米率、整精米率平均值高于通化地区。蛋白质含量和直链淀汾含量低于通化稻区。②通过米饭食味测试结果,吉林稻区米饭硬度分值低于通化地区,外观、黏性、平衡度及食味分值高于通化稻区。综合食味明显优于通化地区。③在中部稻区和西部稻区影响食味主要因子是蛋白质含量,直链淀粉含量对食味影响不明显;东部稻区影响食味主要因子是蛋白质含量和直链淀粉含量。     

榆林8个甘薯品种的食味与品质综合分析

食味和品质是影响消费者购买甘薯的两个重要原因,为了筛选出食味和品质优质的鲜食甘薯品种进行推广示范,研究对前期研究的8个甘薯品种进行了6个指标的食味评价、测定了干物质,对优选的横薯1号、早丰和日本哈蜜的蛋白质、还原糖、粗纤维、维生素A、维生素B和β-胡萝卜素进行了测定。结果表明,食味评价中横薯1号、绥薯1号、日本哈蜜和早丰位居前四,普薯32位次最差。品质评价中横薯1号维生素C为39.7 mg/100 g,早丰β-胡萝卜素为29.7 μg/100 g。综合而言,横薯1号可大面积推广,日本哈蜜宜作小规模推广,早丰品种因具备提前1月或与区域甘薯同期上市的优势,可作为重点引入品种进行研究与推广。     

第十一届粳稻发展论坛之13’全国优良食味粳稻品评结果报告

由国内外21位水稻专家对在全国范围内筛选的16个粳稻参评样品进行品评。品评会整个过程双重密码操作,当场公布品评结果,解密编号,使结果公开透明,更具有权威性、客观性。最后评选出特等奖1个、一等奖7个、二等奖6个、三等奖2个。并比较了2007年～2013年4次全国优良食味粳稻品评结果,可以明显看出参评样品的平均食味值有逐年提高的趋势,说明食味品质已成为水稻育种的重点目标之一。