链霉菌702菌落形态对其所产生物活性物质的影响

通过对链霉菌702自然选育,挑选出5种不同形态的单菌落,对其分别进行摇瓶发酵,测定发酵液中的生物活性物质。结果表明,在固体培养基中不产色素的菌落发酵后不产生具有抑菌作用的生物活性物质,为选育产生物活性物质的链霉菌702菌株提供一种简便方法。     

In Vivo Metabolism Study of Xiamenmycin A in Mouse Plasma by UPLC-QTOF-MS and LC-MS/MS

Xiamenmycin A is an antifibrotic leading compound with a benzopyran skeleton that is isolated from mangrove-derived Streptomyces xiamenensis. As a promising small molecule for fibrotic diseases, less information is known about its metabolic characteristics in vivo. In this study, the time-course of xiamenmycin A in mouse plasma was investigated by relative quantification. After two types of administration of xiamenmycin A at a single dose of 10 mg/kg, the plasma concentrations were measured quantitatively by LC-MS/MS. The dynamic changes in the xiamenmycin A concentration showed rapid absorption and quick elimination in plasma post-administration. Four metabolites (M1–M4) were identified in blood by UPLC-QTOF-MS, and xiamenmycin B (M3) is the principal metabolite in vivo, as verified by comparison of the authentic standard sample. The structures of other metabolites were identified based on the characteristics of their MS and MS/MS data. The newly identified metabolites are useful for understanding the metabolism of xiamenmycin A in vivo, aiming at the development of an anti-fibrotic drug candidate for the therapeutic treatment of excessive fibrotic diseases.     

拮抗链霉菌H210发酵液抗菌谱及理化性质

菌株H210发酵液抑菌活性生测结果表明,其对烟草野火病菌、烟草角斑病菌和水稻白叶枯病菌等病原细菌的抑菌效果明显,抑菌圈直径分别为43 mm、42.5 mm和37.4 mm;对瓜果腐霉病菌、辣椒炭疽病菌、烟草赤星病菌、番茄灰霉病菌等病原真菌均有抑菌作用,抑菌圈直径均在20mm以上.其发酵液的理化性质测定表明.该菌株对紫外线、光照、酸和碱均有较好的稳定性;继代培养5代后抑菌活性基本无变化.遗传特性稳定;发酵液经60℃温度处理3 h,抑菌活性基本未受影响,但经80℃处理时随时间延长抑菌活性明显下降.     

农用抗生素TS99产生菌YH9407的初步研究

从辽宁省丹东地区的土壤样品中分离到一株新的杀真菌链霉菌YH9407,其产生的次级代谢产物对多种植物病原真菌和细菌有较强的抑制作用。该菌株在各种合成培养基上生长良好 ,气生菌丝和孢子堆为灰白色 ,基内菌丝一般为浅黄色 ,有的可产生黄色可溶性色素 ;孢子丝柔曲或直立 ,直径为0.17～0.22μm,孢子呈球形或卵圆形 ,直径为(0.6～0.8)μm×(0.8～1.2)μm ;通过与杀真菌链霉菌已知种在形态特征、培养特征和生理生化特性方面的比较 ,YH9407为杀真菌链霉菌的一个新菌株 ,暂命名为StreptomycesfungicidicusNo.9407     

抗生素产生菌Streptomyces albogriseus发酵液的抗菌谱及稳定性测定

从海南土壤中筛选的一株链霉菌菌株.经鉴定为Streptomyces albogriseus[1],编号JFA-001.采用抑制菌丝生长速率法测定JFA-001菌株发酵液对15种病原真菌的抑菌活性,其中对多数供试真菌的抑制率达80%以上.对JFA-001菌株发酵液的稳定性测定结果表明,菌株传接6代时,活性稳定,从第7代开始其活性缓慢降低,第15代的抑菌圈直径比出发菌株仅减少了1.9mm;发酵液对热和碱的稳定性强,加热到80℃时未丧失活性,在pH10.0的溶液中活性几乎不丧失,但对酸的稳定性较差.     

Tetroazolemycins A and B,Two New Oxazole-Thiazole Siderophores from Deep-Sea Streptomyces olivaceus FXJ8.012

Two new oxazole/thiazole derivatives, named tetroazolemycins A (1) and B (2), have been isolated from the acetone extract of the mycelium of Streptomyces olivaceus FXJ8.012 derived from deep-sea water, together with three known compounds, spoxazomicins A–C (3–5), isolated from the fermentation supernatant. The planar structure and relative configuration of tetroazolemycins were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic analyses, including 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques, and showed to be new pyochelin-type antibiotics. Both compounds showed metal ion-binding activity and their Zn²⁺ complexes exhibited weak activity against pathogenic bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae.     

一株来自红树林土壤的利普斯他汀产生菌的分离鉴定与发酵特性初步研究

从红树林土壤中筛选到一株产利普斯他汀(Lipstatin)的菌株GWL1.2012,通过形态特征、生理生化及16S rDNA序列分析,对该菌进行鉴定。结果显示,菌株GWL1.2012与毒三素链霉菌形成一个类群,同源性高达99.7%,故将其鉴定为毒三素链霉菌(Streptomyces toxytricini),并对菌株GWL1.2012发酵特性进行初步研究,为以后的产业化开发生产提供参考依据。     

铁矿尾矿放线菌分离株的系统发育分析

[目的]通过确定12株典型分离株的系统发育地位,初步探讨铁矿尾矿中放线菌生物多样性。[方法]采用酚-氯仿法提取基因组DNA,PCR扩增16S rDNA并测序后进行系统发育分析。[结果]12株铁矿尾矿放线菌均属于链霉菌属,与进化关系最近的已知菌株同源性为98.7%～100%。[结论]铁矿尾矿中可培养放线菌类群以链霉菌为主,其中存在大量潜在的新种。     

Unique Cyclized Thiolopyrrolones from the Marine-Derived Streptomyces sp. BTBU20218885

Two new cyclized thiolopyrrolone derivatives, namely, thiolopyrrolone A (1) and 2,2-dioxidothiolutin (2), together with the kn own compound, thiolutin (3) were identified from a marine-derived Streptomyces sp. BTBU20218885, which was isolated from a mud sample collected from the coastal region of Xiamen, China. Their chemical structures were determined using spectroscopic data, including HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR techniques. 1 possessed a unique unsymmetrical sulfur-containing thiolopyrrolone structure. All the compounds were tested for bioactivities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Candida albicans. 1 displayed antibacterial activities against BCG, M. tuberculosis, and S. aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 10, 10, and 100 μg/mL, respectively. Thiolutin (3) showed antibacterial activities against E. coli, BCG, M. tuberculosis, and S. aureus with MIC values of 6.25, 0.3125, 0.625, and 3.125 μg/mL, respectively.     

富硒链霉菌wh63的鉴定及富硒特性研究

富硒链霉菌wh63可在平板硒浓度为100 mg/L时生长良好。低浓度的硒元素可以促进菌株生长,高浓度则会抑制菌株的生长,硒添加量为0.5和1.0 mg/L的wh63菌株生物量比对照分别提高12%和8%。通过显微形态学观察,wh63菌株孢子丝卷曲,孢子表面光滑;在高氏1号培养基上,气生菌丝为白色,后期颜色会变深。结合16S r DNA序列分析鉴定,发现其与唐德链霉菌(Streptomyces tendae)的同源性最高,为99%,且生理生化特性一致,初步鉴定wh63菌株为链霉菌属(Streptomyces)。通过菌落形态观察,结合SEM(扫描电镜)和IR(红外光谱)分析,发现链霉菌wh63可以将无机硒转化为红色单质硒,红色单质硒附着在富硒链霉菌wh63菌体表面。