热烫漂洗对鲜食草莓品质的影响

以“丰香”草莓为材料 ,采取水浴热烫方法 ,研究了不同温度处理对草莓品质的影响。结果表明 :草莓是典型的热敏性果类 ,随热烫温度上升 ,其外观品质和营养品质均呈下降趋势。除受温度影响外 ,草莓过氧化物酶 (POD)相当耐热 ,温度升高 ,其活性增加 ,并在高温时保持较高活性 ,成为破坏草莓品质的重要因素。综合生化指标检测和感官评判结果 ,热烫漂洗草莓在 60℃不宜超过 10min。     

草莓保护地早熟栽培品种比较试验

对9个早熟草莓品种的主要植物学特性、产量和经济性状进行了调查和比较试验。结果表明:枥木少女、益香、章姬在产量、果实品质、抗病性等综合性状方面表现突出,适合在江淮地区草莓促成栽培中推广。     

草莓贮藏保鲜技术研究

研究了低温冷藏和辐照前热处理相结合的贮藏保鲜技术对草莓的保鲜效果。结果表明:2种处理技术协同作用,能有效抑制草莓的呼吸作用和水分的蒸腾作用,从而抑制了草莓的腐烂,延长了贮藏期。     

江苏省东海县草莓产业状况调查分析

通过线上电子问卷采集及产区走访调研,对近年江苏省东海县域草莓种植从业人员信息、生产现状、经济效益及产业需求等内容进行调查,了解近年东海草莓种植在品种结构、病害发生、种苗状况、成本收益等方面的情况。调研结果可以看到,当地草莓产业不断发展的同时也面临着从业人员老龄化、种苗质量问题、流行病害高发、产业整合升级等诸多挑战,文章分析了生产中存在的一些普遍性问题并提出相关建议,以为促进当地农户增收和产业健康发展提供参考。     

多措并举保障北京市昌平区设施草莓优质绿色生产

为了保障草莓的安全生产,打造昌平草莓产业的良性健康发展模式,主要从技术支撑、政府扶持及宣传3个方面阐述了其重要举措。具体措施包括通过注重提升田园清理、土壤消毒、田间管理等一系列技术措施,确保草莓安全生产;通过政府政策、资金支持及专业技术指导,打造强有力的后盾保障;建立绿色安全生产宣传模式,扩大品牌影响力,如多渠道、多方面进行宣传;组织培训,增强种植水平;充分利用互联网新媒体等。     

Temperature responses,flowering and fruit yield of the June-bearing strawberry cultivars Florence,Frida and Korona

The effect of night temperature on short day (SD) floral induction has been studied in three June-bearing strawberry cultivars of different geographic origin and compared with yield performance in the cool Nordic environment. At the optimum day temperature of 18 °C, the SD flowering response of the cultivars ‘Florence’ and ‘Korona’ increased significantly with increasing night temperature from 9 to 18 °C, while an optimum was reached at 15 °C in the cultivar ‘Frida’ that is selected under cool-environment conditions in Norway. Also, while saturated flowering response was obtained with 3 weeks of SD treatment at all temperatures in ‘Frida’, several plants of ‘Florence’ and ‘Korona’ failed to initiate flowers at 9 °C night temperature even with 5 weeks of SD. The effect of extended SD period was particularly pronounced in ‘Florence’. The slow SD floral induction response of ‘Florence’ was associated with a 2 week delay of anthesis in subsequent long day (LD) conditions at 21 °C. Yield performance of the same cultivars during 2 years under field conditions at Nes Hedmark and in North Norway also demonstrated that the yield potential of ‘Florence’ was not realized under the climatic conditions prevailing at these locations. In both years the yields varied significantly among the cultivars, ‘Frida’ having the highest yields followed by ‘Korona’, with ‘Florence’ far below. It is concluded that, in the Nordic environment, autumn (September) night temperatures are obviously sub-optimal for yield performance of some June-bearing strawberry cultivars, and that this effect is mediated by autumn temperature effects on flower initiation responses.     

红实美草莓试管苗瓶外生根的研究

以红实美草莓试管苗为材料,研究了试管苗大小、基质、环境条件对试管苗瓶外生根的影响,并与瓶内生根相比较。试验结果表明,在温度23~27℃、湿度85%、光照为半遮光条件下7d后,3.0~4.0cm大小的试管苗在草炭∶煤渣(1∶1)基质中瓶外生根效果最好,生根移栽成活率98.6%,平均生根数7.8条/株;与瓶内生根相比,不仅降低了生产成本,而且还能缩短快繁时间28d。     

通过玻璃化超低温处理脱除草莓轻型黄边病毒(SMYEV)研究

以草莓品种明宝为材料,取茎尖做初代培养,继代扩繁5次后,取2mm左右的茎尖,利用玻璃化超低温技术对SMYEV进行脱除,并利用结合内标的多重RT-PCR技术对再生植株进行病毒检测。结果表明,在病毒脱除过程中,预培养蔗糖浓度为0.5mol/L,处理3d;装载处理为25℃,60min;玻璃化处理为0℃,120min;液氮处理60min后,进行40℃水浴2min,草莓茎尖的存活率为76%,而草莓轻型黄边病毒的脱除率为95%。只有通过液氮处理才可以脱除该病毒,液氮处理前的玻璃化处理脱毒率为0。利用超低温脱毒法可以简便有效地脱除SMYEV。     

南通地区草新品种引进筛选研究

为丰富南通地区草莓品种种类,寻求糖度、产量、香味等方面与当前主栽品种红颊相当的新品种,以红颊为对照,选择桃熏、小白、香野、香蕉4个品种进行设施栽培比较试验。综合植物学性状、果实品质测定、产量统计、病虫害发生情况等相关指标,初步筛选出具有一定推广价值的小白和桃熏2个新品种。     

Conditioning alleviates reduced yield of smaller plugs of ‘Albion’ strawberry (Fragaria X ananassa Duch.) in off-season plasticulture production

The influences of plug size, planting density, and mulch colour on responses to photoperiod and nitrogen conditioning of ‘Albion’ strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) plants were evaluated in off-season field production in New Jersey, USA. Three different sized plug plants (7.6 cm square pots, 24-cell plug trays, or 50-cell plug trays) were conditioned with natural days (ND, natural daylength) or long days (LD, natural daylength supplemented with 24 h incandescent radiation) for one week followed by ND plus 100 ppm nitrogen (N) for 4 weeks or LD plus 800 ppm N for 4 weeks. Plants were then established in plasticulture on black, white, or silver mulch. In a second experiment, plug plants (439 cm³) were conditioned with LD and nitrogen then established in plasticulture on black, white, or silver mulch at 3 planting densities (0.46, 0.23, and 0.16 m²?plant^?1 (2, 4, and 6 plants?m^?2)). Fruit were harvested from August through October in both experiments. Conditioning enhanced off-season fall production. White plastic enhanced survival, productivity, and fruit size and larger plugs were more productive than smaller ones. If smaller plugs are desired, conditioning prevents the reduction in yield observed with non-conditioned smaller plugs.