霞草红树莓复合饮料的研制

[目的]以霞草和红树莓为主要原料,研制霞草红树莓复合饮料。[方法]采用正交试验确定霞草汁的最佳浸提条件、复合饮料最佳配方和复合稳定剂的添加量。[结果]霞草汁最佳浸提条件为料液比1∶1（g/ml）,pH值7,浸提时间5h,浸提温度90℃。最佳配方为霞草汁用量50%（V/V）,红树莓汁用量30%（V/V）,白砂糖添加量45g/L,柠檬酸添加量0.5g/L,在此配方下复合稳定剂的最佳配比为黄原胶10.04mg/ml,柠檬酸三钠0.12mg/ml。[结论]在最佳条件下生产的复合饮料,经感官审评、理化指标和微生物指标检验均合格,故霞草红树莓复合饮料口感好、风味独特、工艺简单,含有丰富的营养成分,并且有药用价值和保健功能,具有较好的推广价值。     

功能保健型板栗牛奶研制

以板栗为原料制成饮料,通过设计试验确定最佳工艺参数,从而制成风味合适、具有一定保质期的板栗牛奶。结果表明,最佳配方及稳定剂的最优添加量：牛奶和板栗浆的最佳比例为2：1,蔗糖的最佳添加量为6％（质量分数）,质量分数为0．12％的单甘酯与0．16％蔗糖酯复合乳化剂效果最好,质量分数为0．24％的CNC—Na与质量分数为0．02％的黄原胶为最佳增稠剂组合。     

AMMI模型在评价烤烟主要化学成分稳定性中的应用

采用AMMI模型评价了烤烟品种(系)烟碱、总糖、还原糖、总氮、钾、氯、蛋白质等7种内在化学成分的稳定性,并对各品种的稳定性大小进行了排序。结果表明:(1)除还原糖外,不同品种的化学成分均存在着极显著的环境效应;除总糖、还原糖和总氮外,其余化学成分也存在着显著的基因型效应。(2)钾存在着显著的基因型×环境互作效应。钾含量稳定性较好的品种(系)有遵烟6号、GS518和K326。     

Antibacterial Effect of Extracts from Allium mongolicum Regel

[Objective] Study on antibacterial activity and stability of the ethanol extracts from Allium mongolicum Regel.[Method] Taking Allium mongolicum Regel.(AMR)as experimental material,the antibacterial and stability test,antibacterial capacity and antibacterial activity substance stability of extracts were studied.[Result] Size order of antibacterial effect of extracts on these 5 strains tended to be:Saccharomyces cerevisiae > Penicillium sp.> Aspergillusniger> Staphylococcusaureus> Escherichia coli;under neutral or slight alkaline conditions,optimum antibacterial effect presented best;and UV light irradiation basically had no influence on tested strains.[Conclusion] Antibacterial effect of ethanol extract shows great difference among these strains,and antibacterial activity substance is of good heat and UV light stability.     

紫甘薯色素理化性质及稳定性研究

[目的]为紫甘薯色素的开发利用提供理论依据。[方法]以川山紫为材料,研究其色素的基本理化性质及pH值、温度、光照、氧化还原剂和金属离子对色素稳定性的影响。[结果]紫甘薯色素易溶于水、甲醇、乙醇等,不溶于丙酮、乙酸乙酯、乙醚和石油醚;紫甘薯色素水溶液在pH值为1.0-3.0时,性质稳定,呈鲜红色,随pH值升高色素颜色变浅,降解指数增大;温度为20-60℃时,色素性质稳定,温度超过60℃时,色素稳定性迅速下降;光照对色素稳定性影响较小,连续照射8 d后色素保存率为87%;色素的耐氧化性和耐抗坏血酸还原能力较差;Al^3＋和Zn^2＋具有护色效果,可提高色素的稳定性,而Fe^3＋对色素有破坏作用。[结论]紫甘薯色素为水溶性天然色素,主要成分为花色苷类物质。     

连续施氮对玉米产量稳定性及其增产潜力的调控

通过7年的定位试验(2007~2013年),研究不同施氮水平对辽北地区玉米产量稳定性、可持续性及其增产潜力的影响。试验氮肥用量从低到高共设N0(不施氮)、N_1(138 kg hm~(-2))、N_2(241.5 kg hm~(-2))、N_3(345 kg hm~(-2))4个水平。结果表明,施氮可以显著增加玉米产量,在一定范围内产量和产量稳定性随施氮量的增加而增加,其中N2处理的产量(平均产量9598.1kg hm~(-2))和增产率(70.7%)最高,年际间变异系数最小,相应的稳定性最高;N_3处理虽然施氮量比N_2处理增加43%,然而产量和产量的稳定性并没有显著提高。根据7年的平均产量研究结果得出肥料-产量效应函数,曲线符合报酬递减率,可知玉米增产潜力为1279.3 kg hm~(-2),由此说明辽北地区的玉米单产还有很大的增产空间。     

蓝莓花青素的研究进展

花青素作为一种天然食用色素,与合成色素相比,具有安全性高,资源丰富,且具有一定的营养和药理作用等优点,已在食品、医药、化妆品等领域得到了广泛的应用.近年来,由于蓝莓富含花青素,逐渐成为国内外研究的热点.本文综述了蓝莓的概况、蓝莓花青素的基本结构及种类、提取纯化技术、稳定性及其生理功能的最新研究进展,以期为蓝莓产业化发展中的技术问题提供一定的参考.     

Saliva chromogranin A in growing pigs: A study of circadian patterns during daytime and stability under different storage conditions

Salivary chromogranin A (CgA) is considered to be a biomarker of activation of the sympatho-adrenomedullary system, and has recently been proposed as a useful indicator of the acute stress response in pigs. The aim of the present study was to determinate whether salivary CgA concentrations in healthy growing pigs exhibits any circadian pattern during the daytime, and to evaluate its stability under different storage conditions. A total of 80 pigs (40 in spring and another 40 in autumn) of two different ages and genders were used. To establish the circadian pattern, saliva samples were collected at 07.00, 11.00, 15.00 and 19.00 h on two consecutive days. Pooled samples were used for the stability study and were measured on the day of sampling and periodically for up to 360 days later. Samples were stored at 4 °C, ?20 °C or ?80 °C and the effect of repeated freezing and thawing was also evaluated.No circadian pattern was detected for salivary CgA in either season and there were no significant effects of gender or age. However, mean salivary CgA concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in the pigs sampled in autumn, compared to those sampled in the spring. Short term storage at 4 °C is recommended for up to 2 days, whereas frozen samples can be stored for 1 year at ?20 °C or ?80 °C, without substantial reduction in CgA values. In addition, samples can be frozen and thawed up to seven times without significant loss of the biomarker.     

基于GGE双标图对苜蓿品种丰产性和稳定性综合评价

为了解不同苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)品种在宁夏南部山区的丰产性、稳产性,以及试点的代表性和区分力,本研究利用方差分析、GGE双标图模型对区域3个不同试点的6个苜蓿品种的产量进行分析.结果表明:苜蓿产量最高的试验区是原州区彭堡镇彭堡三队,最低的是隆德县关庄乡前庄村,前者比后者高43.7％;产量最高的品种...     

北部冬麦区冬小麦区试品种（系）的稳定性和适应性分析

为客观准确地评价区域试验中北部冬麦区冬小麦新品种（系）的丰产性和稳产性,以2014-2015年度国家北部冬麦区水地组冬小麦品种（系）区域试验产量数据为资料,应用AMMI模型对小区产量的基因型、环境和基因型与环境（G×E）互作进行了研究。结果表明,稳定性最好的为农大3486、京农12-79,较好的有科遗4174、长6794、中麦93,较差的为航麦109、晋太102、众信7198;试点以天津武清、山西榆次、新疆阿拉尔、河北遵化、山西屯玉分辨力较高,河北固安、河北滦县、北京顺义、北京昌平分辨力较低。在对区域试验中品种（系）稳定性和试点的分辨力进行判定时,综合使用双标图和稳定性参数两种方法,既直观又准确。