大棚蔬菜无土栽培固体基质筛选的研究

采用大棚生物试验，研究了不同比例菌渣、秸秆、河沙配制的不同固体栽培基质对连续两季小白菜和生菜生长、产量及品质的影响。结果表明，在施用等量肥料福尔池、田必施的条件下，与土壤栽培比较，5种不同比例的无土栽培基质上所栽培的小白菜和生菜获得的地上部分生物产量均显著高于土培。施用福尔地小白菜产量增加率为50．5％－102．2％，生菜产量增加率为187．6％－275．1％；施用田必须小白菜和生菜的增加率分别为53．4％－153．3％和9．2％－166．7％。蔬菜各项生长指标及产量不同基质间存在明显差异，6个处理中小白菜栽培以处理4（菌渣：秸秆；河沙＝3：0：1）为最佳配合，而生菜栽培施用福尔地的各区仍以处理4为最佳配合；施用田必施的各区却以处理3为最佳（菌渣：秸秆：阿沙＝3：1：1）的配合。基质栽培较土壤栽培提高了蔬菜中可溶性糖 含量，降低了总酸度，并使硝酸盐含量维持在较低水平。     

施氮量对绿叶蔬菜硝态氮的累积和产量的影响

温室内无土栽培条件下，以不同施氮量种植菠菜和小白菜的实验结果表明：施氮量的多少影响着硝态氮累积的高低。同时，施氮量的增加能提高产量。在同等氮素条件下，两种蔬菜在硝态氮的含量存在着明显差异。     

温室黄瓜有机生态型无土栽培技术研究

通过5年多的“温室黄瓜有机生态型无土栽培技术”生产实践，初步掌握并总结出了该栽培方式的关键技术，以期为温室黄瓜的优质高产栽培提供一些技术参考。     

长江中、下游地区番红花的高产栽培技术

番红花（ＧｒｏｃｕｓｓａｔｉｖｕｓＬ．）为灵敏类名贵药材．对番红花特征、特性及生育规律的观察和研究，并根据长江中、下游地区亚热带、温带季风的气候特点，提出球茎秋种夏收，露地越冬繁殖球茎：室内无土栽培，促使球室开花采收花柱，作两年生作物栽培．实施该技术后干花每公顷从原水平１１．７ｋｇ提高到１５ｋｇ左右，球茎有效繁殖倍数稳定在２倍左右．     

番茄无土栽培技术

无土栽培技术,是根据植物生长发育的需要而发明的一种作物栽培新方法.本文结合番茄种植特点,从品种选择、培育壮苗、田间管理及病虫害防治等方面探讨了番茄无土栽培技术要点.     

EM原露在番茄无土栽培上的应用试验

以番茄豫艺红将军为试材,在连栋温室无土栽培环境下,进行了EM原露对番茄生长与产量影响的研究。结果表明,EM原露对番茄生长和产量的提高有着显著促进作用,并随施用量的增加而增加。     

Tomato Fusarium wilt suppressiveness. The relationship between the organic plant growth media and their microbial communities as characterised by Biolog

Fusarium wilts are economically important diseases for which there are no effective chemical control measures. Biological control strategies are becoming efficient alternatives for controlling this disease. The suppressiveness to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1 of grape marc compost and cork compost was evaluated in comparison to peat by using a susceptible cultivar of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Marmande). Based on community level physiological profiles, different community structures were evident among the plant growth media evaluated. The peat microbial community, growth medium conducive to wilt, used mostly sugars, while those associated with both composts, the very suppressive grape marc and the moderately suppressive cork, used mostly carboxylic acids, amino acids, amines, phenolic compounds and polymers.     

无土栽培苜蓿芽菜的生长条件探讨

对影响无土培养苜蓿芽菜的品种、浸种时间、生长温度等因子进行了研究.结果表明,射手2号品种在浸种8～12 h、生长温度24℃的条件下可获得质量好的芽菜,且总氨基态氮、粗蛋白质、Zn含量丰富.由于无土栽培苜蓿芽菜易达到绿色食品要求,经济效益良好,值得大面积推广.     

Empirical Models of Macronutrient Uptake in Melon Plants Grown in Recirculating Nutrient Solution Culture

Abstract

The article presents a number of empirical models for predicting the macronutrient uptake of melon plants grown in nutrient film technique under environmental conditions of plastic greenhouse in the Mediterranean region. Models were developed according to two statistical procedures: stepwise multiple regression (MR) and canonical correlation (CC). Independent variables considered by the modeling were global radiation and air temperature in the greenhouse, crop age (expressed as number of weeks from planting, growing degree days and photo-thermal units), and the uptake of water as well as of a guide-ion that could be routinely measured manually by means of easy-to-use test-kits or automatically with chemo-sensors. The best models, as selected on the basis of determination coefficient and the correlation coefficient for the relationship between residuals and observations, explained only 36–72% of the variance in the mineral uptake, depending on the considered nutrient. Moreover, the models were conservative, as predicted values tended to be less extreme with respect to the observed values and the residuals were positively correlated to the observations. The results of MR and CC were similar, although the validation of the models derived from CC produced better results compared to MR. The models provided evidence for the close relationship between ion and water uptake and indicated the possibility to predict the crop mineral requirements on the basis of the consumption of a guide-ion (i.e., nitrogen).