水分胁迫下斑茅3个逆境代谢相关基因表达的实时PCR分析

【研究目的】初步探讨斑茅3个关键逆境适应相关基因在水分胁迫下的表达机制。【方法】已克隆S-腺苷蛋氨酸脱羧酶、鸟氨酸氨基转移酶、甜菜碱脱氢酶3个基因和内参基因的基础上,应用定量PCR技术,对这3个基因在不同胁迫时间下的表达水平进行分析。【结果】斑茅的S-腺苷蛋氨酸脱羧酶、鸟氨酸氨基转移酶基因、甜菜碱脱氢酶基因表达在初期均受抑制,后期表达持续上调,但甜菜碱脱氢酶基因受水分诱导表达较前两个基因明显。【结论】这可能暗示着在斑茅中,脯胺酸和甜菜碱的合成受水分胁迫诱导,而甜菜碱的合成相对脯胺酸和多胺受水分胁迫诱导影响更大。这些研究为斑茅抗旱的分子机制提供初步的理论基础。     

Defense response of tomato fruit at different maturity stages to salicylic acid and ethephon

In order to elucidate whether fruit maturity stage influence the induced resistance of exogenous elicitors in tomato and the involved mechanisms, we investigated the defense responses of tomato fruits against Botrytis cinerea, ethylene production and internal quality following treatments of fruit with salicylic acid (SA) or ethephon (ET) at mature green (MG) and breaker (BR). SA significantly suppressed decay and disease incidence in tomato fruits at both MG and BR stages, along with higher expression level of PR1 gene after 2 days of treatment. All fruits treated by SA had lower contents of ethylene and lycopene. The ET-treated fruit at both maturity stages showed lower disease incidence and higher level of PR2 and PR3 expression compared with the control fruit. ET treatment significantly enhanced ethylene and lycopene contents, and accelerated fruit ripening. Our results suggest that SA and ET induced disease resistance in fruits by mediating the expression of different pathogenesis-related genes and have different effects on fruit ripening, which in turn influences the disease resistance of tomato fruits.     

转BADH基因山苜3号(SLM07)紫花苜蓿新品种选育

通过农杆菌介导法将BADH基因成功导人中苜1号紫花苜蓿基因组中,以生长习性、花色、生物量、抗逆性等性状特征为选育目标,选育出了符合既定目标的耐盐苜蓿,定名为山苜3号(SLM07)(Medicago sativa L.cv.Shanmu No.3).通过品比试验、区域试验和生产试验表明,在不同含盐量地区其产草量明显高于中苜1号,生产试验的干草增产率为16.22%～21.52%,为我国耐盐牧草生产提供了新的种质资源.     

Hepatoprotective activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, captopril and enalapril, against paraquat toxicity

Paraquat is a highly toxic herbicide that is used in most countries without restriction. The cytotoxic action of paraquat is mediated by reactive radicals that are products of its metabolic reduction in cells. It has already been hypothesized that some angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (e.g., captopril and enalapril) could show antioxidant and radical scavenging activity through their structural thiol groups, increasing antioxidant enzymes production or nitric oxide synthesis. In this study the hepatoprotective effect of captopril and enalapril against paraquat induced oxidative stress cytotoxicity was evaluated in isolated rat hepatocyte. Subtoxic concentrations of captopril (0.2 mM) and enalapril (0.2 mM) significantly (p < 0.05) protected the hepatocytes against paraquat (2 mM) induced oxidative stress cytotoxicity markers including: cell lysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation, glutathione depletion, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, lysosomal membrane oxidative damage and cellular proteolysis. Moreover, we showed that non-thiol enalapril acts as well as thiol containing captopril at inhibiting oxidative stress cytotoxicity markers. Finally, our results support the hypothesis that it is the increase in nitric oxide synthesis and not the presence of the thiol group that accounts for the antioxidant activity of ACE inhibitors.     

苹果山梨醇脱氢酶(NAD-SDH)基因的克隆及其反义表达载体对农杆菌的转化

山梨醇是一种糖醇,是蔷薇科植物所特有的,是蔷薇科植物主要的光合产物、运输糖和贮藏物质(B ieleskiand Redg-w ell,1995),在其糖代谢中占有重要地位。另一方面,山梨醇能够提高植物抗环境胁迫的能力(徐迎春等,2001;Brow n etal.,1999)。N A D-山梨醇脱氢酶(N A D-SD H)是山梨醇     

不同花生品种氮代谢相关酶活性的研究

为研究不同品种花生各器官中氮代谢酶活性的差异及与籽仁蛋白质含量间的关系,采用田间小区试验,利用高产大花生品种(花育22号)和小花生品种(白沙1016)研究了两品种不同生长发育时期植株各器官中可溶性蛋白质(Pro)含量、硝酸还原酶(NRase)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)和谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)活性的变化。结果表明,两粒型花生品种各器官的Protein、NRase、GS、GDH活性变化态势大致相同,但其含量的高低有异;各器官中的各指标含量均以小花生品种白沙1016较高。各器官中NRase活性随生育期的推进呈渐降趋势,籽仁中NRase活性远高于其他营养器官;两粒型品种叶片、茎和根中GS活性的变化趋势均呈单峰曲线,其峰值均出现在结荚期;叶片GDH活性以苗期较高,花针期最低,之后又迅速升高。茎和根中GDH活性均呈V字型曲线变化,根中峰谷滞后于茎,出现在饱果期,而籽仁中GDH活性成熟期略有升高。各器官中蛋白质含量与GS和GDH活性间的相关关系不明显,但与其相应器官中的NRase活性表现显著或极显著相关。     

全自动换血治疗G-6-PD缺陷症并发急性溶血的疗效观察

目的 :观察全自动换血治疗危重G 6 PD缺陷症并发急性溶血的疗效。方法 :对 1 0例危重G 6 PD缺陷症并发急性溶血采用全自动换血治疗。结果 :总胆红素由换血前 (5 33.1 4± 1 1 5 .6 5 ) μmol/L下降至换血后 (2 95 .5 0± 88.5 1 )μmol/L ,换出率是 4 4 .5 7% ,血红蛋白增加 34.1 2 % ,红细胞增加 4 3.30 % ,换血过程无明显不良反应。结论 :全自动换血是抢救危重G 6 PD缺陷症并发急性溶血的简单、实用、安全、有效的方法     

Epostane对公兔血清睾酮、皮质醇的影响

将不同剂量的Ｅｐｏｓｔａｎｃ静脉注射成年公兔，测定注射后１、２、３、２４小时血清睾酮、皮质醇水平的变化。结果显示注射Ｅｐｏｓｔａｎｃ后公兔血清睾酮水平增加且与剂量相关；低剂量Ｅｐｏｓｔａｎｃ显著地降低血清皮质醇水平。     

青海双峰驼的血清同工酶酶谱

采用聚丙烯酰胺胺凝胶电泳法对６４峰青海双峰驼的四种血清同工酶酶谱进行研究。结果表明：（１）酯酶呈现单一的ＥＳａ型；（２）淀粉酶由ＡＭＹ１，ＡＭＹ２和ＡＷＭＹ３三种同工酶组成单一酶谱；（３）乳酸脱氢酶和碱性磷酸酶同工酶酶谱存在年龄差异；（４）成年驼和幼年驼的碱性磷酸酶均有不同的同工酶酶谱。     

藏野驴与家驴血清同工酶的比较研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对藏野驴与家驴４种血清同工酶进行比较研究。结果发现，除ＬＤＨ同工酶以外，藏野驴与家驴的酯酶、淀粉酶和碱性磷酸酶酶谱都有颇大的差异。