蔬菜棚室用自走式微型旋耕机的研究

为适应蔬菜大棚的大规模发展对农机具的需求，在分析无驱动轮旋耕的力学机理和功率消耗的基础上，根据蔬菜棚室内作业对农机具的要求和目前菜农的技术条件与经济条件，设计和研制了一种微型旋耕机。该机用无驱动轮旋耕的工作方式，采用立轴式小型汽油机和蜗轮蜗杆传动，机架和传动箱体为薄钢板冲压成型，扶手架上下、左右可调，耕深为１０．７ｃｍ，生产率为０．０９ｈｍ^２／ｈ，重量仅为生产率相同的国内其它旋耕机的１／２～１／５。     

The role of pollen and stigma in determining the level of partial self-compatibility in brussels sprouts

Summary Brussels sprouts inbred plants, homozygous for the same recessive S-allele, were intercrossed in all combinations and the number of pollen tubes penetrating the stigmas of such crosses measured. The results of five such experiments showed that pollen as well as stigma is significant in determining the number of pollen tubes counted. It was also found that the capacity of a plant's stigmas to permit pollen tube penetration was independent of the capacity of its pollen to penetrate other plants' stigmas. Variation in pollen tube production between pollens of the plants tested was often greater than that between their stigmas.     

Genetics of self-compatibility in dihaploids of Solanum tuberosum L. 5. The S-genotype of tetraploid potato cultivar gineke

Summary Investigations of the genetics of self-compatibility and self-incompatibility in dihaploids and diploid derivatives from cv. Gineke revealed the presence of S ₁, S₂ and S ₃ at the S-locus of Gineke and in addition an S ₁-allele on a translocation. By means of a complete tester set involving the S-alleles S ₁, S₂ and S ₃ (all from Gineke) and S ₄ (from Black 4495) it was demonstrated that some Gineke dihaploids were compatible with all six testers. This indicated a fourth S-allele in Gineke, which differs from those in the tester series and was therefore assigned S ₅. Additional evidence was obtained from an analysis of F₁'s from crosses of two S ₅-bearing dihaploids and one of the testers. So the S-genotype of cv. Gineke was identified as S ₁S₂S₃S₅/S₁, the second S ₁ being the S-allele on a translocated fragment.     

金顶侧耳不同交配型营养缺陷突变菌株的制备

以金顶侧耳的营养缺陷突变菌株为供试菌株，在确认其交配型的基础上，配制杂交株，利用其减数分裂中基因的高频率重组性制备不同交配型的营养缺陷突变菌株。结果表明：除突变型Ade2-、Ade5-、Pdx2-各自获得3种不同交配型的营养缺陷突变菌株外，其他突变型均获得4种不同交配型的营养缺陷突变茵株，共计获得具有不亲和性因子和营养缺陷型双重标记的金顶侧耳菌株(包括供试菌株)133株。     

Influence of Abscisic Acid and the Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis Inhibitor, Norflurazon, on Interactions Between Phytophthora sojae and Soybean (Glycine max)

A comparison was made of the effects of abscisic acid (ABA) and the ABA biosynthesis inhibitor, norflurazon on the interaction between soybean leaves and Phytophthora sojae. Inoculation of leaves of cv. Harosoy resulted in a compatible interaction typified by the presence of spreading, water soaked lesions with ill-defined margins while inoculation of cv. Haro 1272 resulted in an incompatible interaction with lesions restricted to the inoculation site. Activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) slowly increased in the compatible interaction but in the incompatible interaction there was a rapid rise in activity within 8h after inoculation. When Haro 1272 plants were treated with ABA the normally incompatible interaction with race 1 was changed to what resembled a compatible interaction and activity of PAL was reduced to control levels. There was no visible effect on the compatible combination. In contrast when plants of cv. Harosoy were treated with norflurazon the normally compatible interaction with race 1 was changed to that which resembled an incompatible interaction and PAL activity increased to high levels rapidly. There was no effect of norflurazon on the incompatible interaction of cv. Haro 1272 with race 1. Stomata on leaves of cv. Harosoy treated with norflurazon closed within 2h of inoculation resembling the response of stomata in normal incompatible interactions but not compatible interactions where stomata remained open. On leaves of cv. Harosoy treated with norflurazon at sites 3 and 20mm from the inoculation point stomata also closed. These results extend and confirm the idea that ABA is a molecule that may regulate the outcome of the interaction between soybeans and P. sojae.     

Analysis of population structure of Rosellinia necatrix on Cyperus esculentus by mycelial compatibility and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR)

Genetic diversity was studied in a population of 24 isolates of Rosellinia necatrix obtained from Cyperus esculentus and 16 from other hosts by means of mycelial compatibility groups (MCGs) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) techniques. All isolates obtained from C. esculentus belonged to a unique MCG, irrespective of their geographical origin or year of isolation, and were incompatible with the isolates from other hosts. ISSR analysis gave results which were in agreement with the MCG determination; selected ISSR primers grouped a subset of eight representative isolates from C. esculentus in a unique cluster. The homogeneity found within the population of R. necatrix from C. esculentus in Valencia province could suggest that the pathogen was introduced recently and has spread further via infected tubers inadvertently used as propagating material, as well as by cull tubers swept away by irrigation water.     

果树自交不亲和性的遗传与生理机制及其研究

在简要介绍植物（包括果树）自交不亲和性与生理控制机制的基础上，着重对梨、苹果、杏等果树自交不亲和性的研究进行了综述，内容包括花柱内花粉管生长特点、花柱S糖蛋白的特性与作用机理以及果树自交不亲和的分子生物学研究，并提出了该领域有待研究的问题。     

小白菜自交不亲和性相关基因的分子标记开发

以自交亲和系WS-199和自交不亲和系WS-85为亲本杂交获得的F_2分离群体为供试材料,采用BSA法结合SNP芯片技术,筛选出与自交不亲和性相关的SNP标记,并将SNP差异位点序列信息与白菜基因组序列进行比对分析,并进一步开发SSR标记,共获得了与自交不亲和性相关的SSR分子标记BrA1-2、BrA1-3和BrA1-14,为分子标记辅助自交不亲和性杂交种生产提供技术支持。     

番茄种间杂交不亲和性的研究

以栽培种番茄[Lycopersicon esculentum“粤农二号”(E)],野生种秘鲁番茄(L.peruvianum(P)],以及“粤农二号×秘鲁番茄”的F_1(“E×P”F_1)为材料,进行相互间的有性杂交。在“P×E”F_0杂交组合中,E的花粉管与P的花柱部位发生不亲和;“E×P”F_1自交,自身的精卵细胞不亲和;PדE×P”F_1回交,远缘杂种“E×P”F_1的花粉管与P的胚珠不亲和。“E×E”和“P×P”两融交组合,E和P的花粉管在授粉后24小时左右已可看到进入子房,到迭胚珠。     

巢湖施口水域酚的自净规律研究

应用野外观测和室内模拟方法,研究了酚在巢湖施口水域的自净规律。结果表明,酚在巢湖湖水中的衰减符合一级反应速率方程Ｃ＝Ｃ０ｅ＾－Ｋｔ。在有水流稀释的情况下,含酚污水的自净主要充的稀释作用;在无水流稀释的情况下,水体中微生物的生化作用,光化学化作用,底泥的吸附作用和酚的挥发作用地酚的净化起重要作用。