Propagation methods for black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) improvement in Hungary

Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is one of the most important stand-forming tree species in Hungary and its importance is increasing in many countries. Black locust plants are commonly produced by two methods, by seed and by root cuttings. Tissue culture propagation can be considered as a relatively new method. Growing trees from seed is a relatively simple method for reliably producing seedlings on a large scale under a variety of circumstances. Mechanization of the method is easy and the production cost is relatively low. Propagation from root cuttings and tissue culture are valuable for reproduction of superior individuals or varieties. By applying these methods, superior traits of the selected trees can be preserved in the clones. Recent experiments demonstrated that micropropagated trees could be successfully transplanted into soil, hardened and grown in the field. Biography: Karoly Redei (1952), male, doctor, deputy director general of Hungarian Forest Research Institute H-1023 Budapest, Frankel Leó Str. 42 44, HUNGARY. Responsible editor: Chal Ruihai     

匈牙利刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)改良的繁殖方法(英文)

在匈牙利,匈牙利刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)是重要的成林树种之一,且该树种的重要性在世界其它国家也日益增加。该树种的生产通常有两种方法:种子和根插条。组织培养对该种来说是一种相对较新的方法。对于在各种环境条件下大规模地生产苗木来说,种子栽培是相对简单的方法,机械化方法比较容易且生产成本相对较低。根插条和组织培养对于优势个体或品种繁殖是有价值的。利用这些方法,所选出的树木的优势品质可以在无性系得以保存。近期实验表明,微繁殖树木可以成功地移植到土壤中,在野外生长。     

Coral Farming: Past, Present and Future Trends

There Have Been Significant Technical Advances in Marine Aquarium Maintenance in The Last 20 Years. It is Now Possible to Maintain, Grow and Reproduce in Aquaria Many of the Coral Species Found on Coral Reefs. Due to the increased Demand For Live Corals and Other Reef Invertebrates, The Commercial Production of these Organisms for the Home Aquarium Market Has Become Feasible. This Paper Describes the Early Beginnings of Live Coral Propagation, Current Coral Propagation Facilities Located in Europe, North America, and the Pacific Basin Followed by a Discussion of an Example of the Possible Future for Coral Farming, Namely Propagation by Sexual Reproduction. Suggestions for Areas of Further Research in Captive Coral Propagation are Also Presented.     

Vegetative propagation of the carrageenophytic red alga Gigartina skottsbergii Setchell et Gardner: Indoor and field experiments

The carrageenophytic red alga Gigartina skottsbergii presents several biological constraints for its cultivation such as restricted temporal availability and high spore mortalities that affect the development of its mass cultivation. For this reason, research to develop alternative propagation methods has been undertaken. Previous laboratory studies demonstrated that manipulating temperature, light and nutrients could enhance healing and regeneration of this seaweed. In this study nursery and field experiments were undertaken to establish the possibility to regrow G. skottsbergii in conditions similar to those applied in mass cultivation practices. Frond fragments and rhizoids were tested as alternative ways to obtain new plants. Our results indicate that regeneration occurs in the field, and can be managed in nursery conditions. The addition of a nitrogen source enhances the growth from 0.6 to 1.0% d^− 1 of the healed fragments and the use of a photon flux density above 50 μmol m^− 2 s^− 1 increases the growth rate but decrease the survival of the explants. Explants can be transferred to field conditions and grow at similar rates to those registered in the nursery (0.5% d^− 1). It is also possible to propagate rhizoids of G. skottsbergii and it seems that the attachment of a frond portion to the substratum, enhanced its survival and regeneration capacity. Finally, this study demonstrated that rhizoids attached to rocks can regenerate complete plants in nature, a feature which could be a useful for developing a sustainable harvesting methodology.     

垂盆草扦插繁殖的研究

研究了不同扦插部位、不同基质配比对垂盆草扦插苗生长的影响,结果表明：茎上部作插穗繁殖的植株,无论生长势、株高、根长、叶片数和节数明显高于用茎中部和茎基部;在蛭石、珍珠岩和草炭配比为1∶1∶2的混合基质中扦插苗生长势强,株高、根长、叶片数和节数明显高于其他2种配比基质中扦插的植株。     

欧洲水仙的繁殖技术研究

[目的]研究欧洲水仙的繁殖技术,为欧洲水仙的种质资源栽培提供依据。[方法]在查阅相关资料的基础上,系统介绍欧洲水仙的4种主要的繁殖方式：侧球繁殖、鳞片繁殖、双鳞片繁殖以及组织培养繁殖,并对4种繁殖方式进行简单比较。[结果]鳞片扦插方法操作较简单,但繁殖材料易污染腐烂,且扦插用材料较组织培养多,繁殖系数低。用组织培养方法进行快速繁殖,环境相对容易控制,污染率低,且所需材料少,繁殖系数高。[结论]组织培养方法极大地提高了水仙的繁殖速度。     

单粒精播技术在花生新品种快速繁育上的应用研究

[目的]为单粒精播快繁技术在花生良种快繁上的应用提供科学依据.[方法]以吉花3号（多粒型）为研究材料,系统研究大田单粒精播节本增效高产栽培技术和大棚单粒精播高效快繁技术对花生植株性状、产量和繁殖系数的影响.[结果]两种单粒精播技术均可明显降低花生株高,增加单株结果数及饱果率,提高产量和繁殖系数,其中大棚单粒精播高效快繁技术的繁殖系数达到34.3,比常规双粒穴播提高84.5％.[结论]两种快繁技术在节种增产、提高繁殖系数上效果明显,可作为花生新品种快速蘩育的可行技术.     

Rooting of Hybrid Clones of Populus tremula L. × P. tremuloides Michx. by Stem Cuttings Derived from Micropropagated Plants

Propagation costs could be cut by replacing part of the micropropagation process with steps involving more traditional techniques. This study explored possibilities for improving existing vegetative propagation techniques for aspen using stem cuttings obtained from micropropagated plants. Vegetative propagation through stem cuttings was studied in 10 micropropagated hybrid aspen clones (Populus tremula L.     

优良绿化观花树种山樱花的培育技术及园林应用

介绍山樱花的种子采集、处理、千粒重,圃地选择与作床、种子播种育苗、管理,1年生苗(高、径)生长规律、生物量空间分布,2～3年生苗生长规律,以及它在园林中的应用方式等.     

日本晚樱组培快繁技术研究

进行了日本晚樱的组培快繁试验。试验结果表明，日本晚樱最佳的增殖培养基是MS/ML + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L + NAA0.05 mg/L +白糖40g/L +琼脂4.5g/L,增殖系数为2.47~2.56；最佳生根培养基为ML+IBA0.05mg/L +NAA0.05 mg/L +白糖20g/L +琼脂4.5g/L，生根率为100%；炼苗12~17d后移栽至草炭土中，成活率达90%。