Zacopride attenuates pressure overload-induced ventricular remodeling in rats

AIM:To investigate the protective effect of zacopride (ZAC) on the pressure-overload left ventricular remodeling in the rats induced by coarctation of abdominal aorta. METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with pressure overload were induced by the coarctation of abdominal aorta. The model rats were intraperitoneally administered with ZAC, chloroquine (Chlor), and zacopride+chlorquine (ZAC+Chlor). The study duration was 8 weeks. The cardiac structure and function were assessed by echocardiography. The heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) ratio and the left ventricular weight/body weight (LVW/BW) ratio were calculated. The changes of structure and shape in myocardial tissue were observed with HE staining. The ultrastructure of the myocytes was observed under transmission electron microscope. The inward rectifier potassium channel (I_K1) protein expression was determined by Western blot. The mRNA expression of Kir2.1 was detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS:Compared with vehicle group, ZAC improved cardiac function, as indicated by the decreased left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) and left ventricular end systolic dimension (LVESD) (P<0.05), and the increased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) (P<0.01). The HW/BW and LVW/BW ratios were significantly decreased, and the cross-sectional area of the cardiomyocytes was significantly less in ZAC group than that in vehicle group (P<0.01). The ultrastructure of the myocytes was significantly improved. Chlor blocked the protective effect of zacopride on the pressure-overload left ventricular remodeling. The protein level of I_K1 and mRNA expression of Kir2.1 in the cardiac tissues in ZAC group were significantly increased compared with vehicle group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION:I_K1 agonist ZAC significantly attenuates pressure overload-induced ventricular remodeling in rats.     

超高压对鲜牛奶杀菌效果研究

以新鲜牛奶为主要原料,通过双因素正交试验研究了超高压对新鲜牛奶的杀菌作用。结果表明:压力越高,杀菌效果越好;在同一压力下延长受压时间并不一定能提高灭菌效果。     

关于调压管水力计算公式的探讨

调压管的配置是否合理.影响着滴灌系统的灌水均匀度和工程造价。本文根据室内测试的大量数据,分析归纳成适用于两种不同情况下的调压管水力学计算公式,做为对现行公式的完善与补充,供广大滴灌设计者参考使用。     

缺铁失绿秋白梨树强力树干注射铁肥的效果初报

果树缺铁失绿是果树生产上的一种重要营养失调症。本文报道了向缺铁失绿秋白梨树树干强力注射不同剂量硫酸亚铁矫治缺铁失绿的效果。注铁后10天开始复绿;至43天,不同注铁处理都有一定程度复绿,其中剂量≥6克/株的处理最好,失绿完全消失并且一直持续到秋季休眠落叶。不同注铁处理使叶片叶绿素和叶子铁（Fe）含量显著增加,并对叶片结构有明显的修复作用。通过与其它已有的缺铁矫治技术相比较,强力树干注射铁肥法是一个简便易引,高效、速效而且经济的新途径。     

山区滴灌工程灌溉参数与减压阀位置设计

滴灌具有高效节水、省工节地、增加产量等优点。山地滴灌工程设计、灌溉参数的设计与压力控制是保证工程正常运行的关键,为了充分发挥滴灌工程效益,结合实际工程,对微灌工程的耗水强度、补水强度、土壤湿润比、灌水均匀度等参数做了计算,对管道布置、毛管长度、轮灌组做了设计并对支管入口压力与减压阀位置做了分析,得出了滴灌耗水强度和补水强度均为6mm·d-1,湿润带宽75cm,灌溉湿润比值48%,在计算水压为3~4kg范围内安放减压阀的结论,可为类似的工程设计提供参考。     

Year-to-year variations in Bering Sea ice cover and some consequences for fish distributions

The southernmost extension of winter ice cover varies interannually and on longer time scales, reflecting large-scale changes in driving forces, especially in the position and intensity of the winter Aleutian Low Pressure System. A conspicuous pattern is alternating warm and cool periods of several years' duration. These variations in sea ice cover are reflected in the character of a subsurface cold pool, formed as stratification isolates the deeper cold waters from surface exchanges. The cold pool is better developed and more extensive in summers that follow deep southward penetration of winter sea ice. Interannual and decadal-scale variations in the distributions of some fish stocks reflect those of ice and thermal conditions. In particular, the distribution of walleye pollock, Theragra chalcogramma, varies significantly with multiannual cool and warm years while Arctic cod, Boreogadus saida, is only present within the cold pool. The relation among climate variations, sea ice cover, subsurface thermal conditions, and fish distribution provides information on how climate affects marine ecosystems and may also have practical application in predicting fish distributions.     

Changes in phytates and HCl extractability of calcium,phosphorus, and iron of soaked,dehulled, cooked,and sprouted pigeon pea cultivar (UPAS-120)

UPAS-120, a high yielding and early maturing variety of pigeon peas releasedby the Department of Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar contained a significant amount of phytic acid, i.e. 886 mg/100 g. When it was subjected to various domestic processing and cooking methods viz. soaking (6, 12, 18 h), dehulling, ordinary as well as pressure cooking and germination (24, 36 and 48 h), a drastic decrease in level of phytic acid with a remarkable increase in the HCl-extractability of mono, divalent, andtrivalent ions, like calcium, phosphorus, and iron occurred. Germination (48 h) was found to be the best method for decreasing the phytic acid content, i.e.35 to 39 percent less than the control and significantly (p<0.05) increasingthe non-phytate phosphorus and HCl-extractable phosphorus. Pressure cooking of soaked-dehulled pigeon pea also rendered equally good results. The calcium, phosphorus and iron contents of pigeon pea seeds were 197.3, 473.1, and 9.91 mg/100 g, respectively; some losses varying from 3 to 9 percent were noticed when the legume was subjected to soaking, cooking, and germination but the maximum losses, i.e. 23 percent, occurred when the seeds were dehulled. However, HCl-extractability of Ca, P and Fe improved to a significant extent when the pigeon pea seeds were soaked, soaked-dehulled, cooked and sprouted which may have been due to decrease in the phytate content followed by processing and cooking. The significant negative correlations between the phytic acid and HCl-extractability of minerals of processed pigeon pea strengthens these findings.     

温度对土壤水分张力计的内压影响及校正方法(英文)

在土壤水分张力计系统内嵌入一电子式温度传感器,对管内温度进行实时监测,对照管内压力发现:以密封塞取代陶土头时,管内温度上升26.9℃内压力变化了14.6Kpa。当实验盆钵内的土壤含水量相对不变时,负压计中的压力值仍然随着温度变化出现有规律的周期变动,温度上升22.2℃管内压力变化了7.4 Kpa。通过对采集管内张力数据进行补偿运算,对张力计系统的升温和降温阶段进行温度补偿,可有效对由温度变化引起的张力计系统误差进行校正。当测定间隔为4h、温差为18.1℃时,两点的张力相差仅0.278Kpa,未做补偿的两点压力差达6.5 Kpa。说明在在土壤水分张力计系统内嵌入一电子式温度传感器能够有效校正温度变化引起的张力计系统误差,达到全天候实时对目标地区实现水分管理的目的。     

六要素自动气象站资料的二次开发和应用

通过对逐时六要素自动气象站资料的二次开发,利用逐时六要素气象资料,对一些物理量公式进行计算机编程计算,自动生成逐时的水汽压、相对湿度、本站气压、位温及14：00浮力共5个物理量产品,并把它保存为能被M icaps系统调阅的第三类数据格式文件。通过对2009年发生在南平市的一次强对流天气过程分析表明,应用这些新增加的物理量产品,将提高对中小尺度系统,特别是强对流天气的短时监测、预报和预警能力。     

武汉城市圈边缘区域耕地压力与耕地红线研究——以赤壁市为例

耕地红线是国家粮食安全和生态安全的重要保障,然而科学合理的划定耕地红线仍是目前研究领域的一个难点.该研究运用“耕地最低保有量”和“耕地压力指数”法,探讨区域耕地红线的划定方法并分析当前赤壁市各乡镇耕地红线状况.结果表明：2003 ～2012年赤壁市耕地面积总体上呈先减少后增加的趋势,实际人均耕地面积和标准人均耕地面积均有降低趋势,粮食总产和单产在波动中有所增加,耕地压力指数先减后增.2010年后赤壁市耕地压力增大,主要原因是新增耕地利用效率较低.赤壁市各乡镇间耕地压力状况差异较大,耕地压力最小的柳山镇只有0.38,而压力最大的陆水湖办事处高达22.59.目前陆水湖办事处、蒲圻办事处、赵李桥镇和官塘驿林场已经越过区域内部的耕地红线,建立区际之间的占补平衡和实施有效的土地流转制度是减缓区域耕地压力的有效措施.