刨花在压缩力下变形状态的研究——Ⅰ.大片刨花压缩流变性能的研究

白杨、落叶松、柞木三种树种制成的大片刨花,受压缩力的流变性能可以用参数分离法区分出弹性变形、瞬间塑性变形、叠离率、推迟弹性变形以及依赖于时间的塑性变形,分别加以分析研究。蠕变量、推迟弹性变形量以及依赖于时间的塑性变形量都与恒压应力维持时间的对数成函数关系。在广泛的恒压应力范围内应力——应变的关系表明,不同木材树种刨花的弹性变形量及推迟弹性变形量的差别不大。不同软硬程度的刨花所表现出的不同可压缩性,主要表现于具有明显差别的瞬间塑性变形量之中。     

施锌肥、覆膜对盆栽苹果树锌锰铁铜吸收的影响

4年生盆栽红星/八楞海棠苹果覆膜、施锌肥,结果表明:覆膜能明显提高根活力,增加植株的元素含量。施锌肥能明显提高植株Zn含量,还可不同程度地增加细根内Mn、Fe、Cu及叶片内Mn、Cu的含量。不同处理对叶绿素含量及比叶重影响不大,但可以明显增加叶面积。同时,覆膜还能降低新梢的长/粗,有利于增粗。     

国产免耕覆盖播种机的研制与试验

本文论述了国产免耕覆盖播种机的研制过程及该机工作部件的设计依据,试验和性能测定的结果等。经生产查定证明设计合理,结构紧凑,具有我国自己的特点,为大面积推广应用夏玉米免耕覆盖种植机械化技术提供了有力手段。     

The Effect of Plastic Mulch and Greenhouse-Raised Seedlings on Yield of Maize

The yield of maize ( Zea mays L.) can be increased appreciably if canopy closure is brought forward. In France and Germany, the use of plastic mulch has boosted dry matter yields of silage maize by approximately 4 t/ha. In Germany, the grain yield of maize plants grown from greenhouse-raised seedlings was 2.4 t/ha more than that of plants grown conventionally. The present study aimed to review and quantify the effect of the use of plastic mulch and greenhouse-raised seedlings on yield of maize. In field trials the effect of a photo-degradable transparent plastic mulch on the yield of two hybrids: Clipper (early-maturing) and Dea (late-maturing) was tested. In two of these trials the effect of using seedlings raised in the greenhouse up to the five-leaf stage was also tested. Crops with plastic mulch required 10 % fewer growing degree days from planting to silking than the unmulched crops, and this number was more constant between years and sites. On average, plastic mulch increased whole plant dry matter content from 29 % to 33 %, and the dry matter of the ear from 45 % to 52 %. In Dea , dry matter yields of the whole plant and of the ear rose by 2.6 and 2.1 t/ha respectively. In Clipper the yield increases were half as large. The regression of whole plant dry matter yield on the sum of global radiation from silking to harvest was similar for mulched and unmulched crops. This suggests that the yield increases obtained with the plastic mulch were largely attributable to advancement of canopy establishment. The whole-plant dry matter yield of plants initially raised in the greenhouse was similar to that of maize sown in situ, but the ear dry matter yield was 2.4 t/ha higher.     

起垄全铺膜播种机的研制

起垄全铺膜播种机的研制成功和对比实验，证明采崩起垄全铺膜播种技术在提高土壤含水率、增加耕层厚度、增温、节水、早熟、省力及提高作物品质方面的性能和经济优势，是推广一种新型灌溉播种技术的物质保证。     

添加丙纶纤维及其改性处理对木塑复合材料性能的影响

就木塑纤维复合材料组分中添加丙纶纤维和对丙纶纤维进行改性预处理,改性剂的种类及改性剂的添加方式等引起材料物理力学性能和成网性能、模压性能的变化进行了研究。试验表明：添加丙纶纤维有助于改善材料的成网性能,使之成为具有良好模压性能的材料;对丙纶纤维进行改性的预处理可提高复合材料的物理力学性能;改性剂添加到木纤维中的工艺过程比对丙纶纤维进行预处理的工艺过程简单,并可以达到对丙纶纤维进行预处理的相同效果。     

苹果树盘覆盖银灰色反光膜的微气候与生理效应

对红星苹果树盘覆盖银灰色反光膜,研究了其冠层微气候及果树生理效应。结果表明:①盖反光膜可明显提高树冠内膛反射光强度;冠层日温升高、夜温降低,昼夜温差平均加大2.3℃;冠层湿度低、昼夜湿差较大。②盖反光膜可降低夏季日间土壤温度,使根系活力增强24.6%～35.2%;盖膜后半个月叶片叶绿素含量与光合速率即显著增加。③盖反光膜树冠内膛果实可溶性糖与固形物含量、果面着色指数及株全红果率显著提高;7月中旬(果实膨大期)盖膜可溶性糖增加幅度比8月(果实着色初期)盖膜高,但增色效果不及后者。     

大棚番茄二次换头技术研究

利用番茄摘心后容易再生结果的特点进行二次换头,即在主枝结果的基础上,两次用侧校代替主枝生产,增产率达38．6％,采收期延长43d,经济效益明显提高     

木/塑纤维复合工程材料工艺试验研究

木纤维形态、合成纤维及其预处理、胶粘剂品种、卷材的均匀性、热压工艺对复合材料模压制品物理力学性能的影响进行了系统研究。试验结果表明,选用适当的制浆工艺、纤维预处理剂、专用胶粘剂和热压工艺,且板坯制造工艺合理,复合材料模压制品各项技术性能指标可以达到一汽大众ＴＬＶＷ４９４标准     

基于工控组态软件开发棉花膜下滴灌监控系统

通过各种传感器自动监测棉田土壤与气象参数,利用工业控制计算机(IPC)与工业自动化组态软件Kingview开发监控系统实现棉田环境数据采集,并根据棉花需水规律实施滴灌自动控制,为棉花的生长提供科学合理的灌溉方案,达到降低劳动强度、增加棉花生产效益的目的.设计的棉田滴灌控制系统结构简单、工作可靠,已经成功地应用于棉花的生产中.