利丰收等浸种对侧柏种子活力的影响

为了提高侧柏种子的生产潜力,通过利丰收、爱多收等五种生长调节剂浸种,研究其对侧柏种子活力的影响。结果表明：利丰收3000倍液、爱多收3000倍液对种子活力的提高最大。     

Induction and scale-up of Billbergia zebrina nodule cluster cultures: Implications for mass propagation,improvement and conservation

The Tropical Atlantic Rain Forest is a biome of high diversity and endemism of plant genetic resources. High diversity of bromeliad species occurs in this biome, but part of them is now endangered. Tissue culture based techniques comprise valuable tools for the mass propagation and conservation of endangered bromeliads. In the present work the in vitro regenerative system based on the induction and development of NC from nodal segments of Billbergia zebrina showed different morphogenetic features from those observed in organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. Different levels of TDZ, NAA, and 2i-P promoted the induction of NC with different morphologies and regenerative potential. NC induced in response to 0.01 μM of TDZ and subcultured on BM free of PGR resulted in high regenerative frequency. NC originated from BM supplemented with TDZ (0.1 μM) when subcultured on BM with NAA (2 μM) and 2-iP (4 μM) resulted in higher mean number of shoots. Elongated shoots were successfully acclimatized in ex vitro conditions and derived plantlets had normal phenotype. Histological analyses revealed the morphogenesis of the NC related to organization of the meristematic zone in the subepidermic region composed by organized layers with small and isodyametric cells followed by the induction of shoot buds. SEM analysis showed that the induction of NC occurred from the basal region of the explants.     

Highly efficient in vitro regeneration of the industrial oilseed crop Crambe abyssinica

A highly efficient regeneration protocol for oilseed crop Crambe abyssinica has been developed using hypocotyls as explants in this study. Crambe is a potential engineering oilseed crop for industrial purposes as it contains 55-60% erucic acid in its oil and, more importantly, it does not outcross with any food oil seed crops. However, the low regeneration frequency with the currently available protocols is still a limiting factor for genetic modification of Crambe. In this study, we investigated the effects of N-source, C-source, AgNO₃, cultural conditions as well as the concentration and combination of plant growth regulators (PGR) on the regeneration frequency of C. abyssinica. The results showed that all these factors, especially the N-source and PGR concentrations and combinations, played an important role in shoot regeneration. Among all the factors tested, the combination of using hypocotyls from C. abyssinica cv. galactica, the Lepiovre basal medium supplemented with 16 g l⁻¹ glucose, 0.5 g l⁻¹ AgNO₃, 2.2 mg l⁻¹ thidiazuron (TDZ), 0.5 mg l⁻¹ α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2.5 g l⁻¹ Gelrite, seeds germinated in dark for 3 days and explants cultured in light, gave the best regeneration frequency (over 95%). The results also suggest that reducing the content of NH₄⁺ or keeping a suitable NO₃⁻/NH₄⁺ ratio in the regeneration medium would be crucial to Crambe shoot regeneration.     

罗布麻悬浮细胞生长特性及产绿原酸的初探

[目的]探索罗布麻(Apocynum ventetum Linn.)悬浮细胞生长特性和产绿原酸量的最佳激素浓度,为进一步以罗布麻悬浮培养的细胞生产绿原酸奠定前期基础.[方法]以罗布麻悬浮细胞系为材,确定最佳接种量和细胞生长曲线,培养获得的材料经干燥、粉碎后经超声波法提取,以高效液相色谱法(HPIC)测定其中的绿原酸(CGA)量.以绿原酸量为指标,进行方差分析,确定最佳的植物生长调节剂的浓度.[结果]将罗布麻细胞悬液抽滤,以1.0 g(FW)/10 mL的接种量接种在MB(硝酸钾加倍,硝酸铵减半)+2.0 mg/L 2,4-D+0.05mg/L 6-BA+50g/L蔗糖(pH 5.9)培养基上,对数生长期为4～8 d.以上述接种量和5 d培养周期为条件,将获得的罗布麻细胞接种在不同NAA和KT浓度的培养基上培养,产绿原酸量最大的培养基为MB+0.3 mg/LNAA+0.3 mg/L KT+50g/L蔗糖(pH5.9),产量达0.183 mg/g(DW),与其它培养基相比在P=0.05水平上差异显著.[结论]通过罗布麻悬浮培养的细胞产绿原酸最佳培养基为MB+0.3 mg/L NAA+0.3 mg/L KT+50g/L蔗糖(pH5.9).     

大叶芹种子催芽技术的研究

以大叶芹（Spuriopimpinella brachyara）种子为材料,通过采用化学药剂、植物生长调节剂、层积处理及综合试验处理,寻找打破大叶芹种子休眠的方法。研究结果表明：低温层积处理和越冬层积具有破除大叶芹种子休眠的作用,低温层积(4±1)℃的条件较其他层积条件下种子发芽率高,是最佳的层积处理方法。采用不同浓度的赤霉素（GA3）、生长素（IAA）、6-苄基腺嘌呤（6-BA）预处理后结合低温层积处理,结果表明：250 mg/L GA3浸种24 h后低温层积100天可使种子发芽率达60%左右,发芽势较高,且腐烂率低,基本上解除了大叶芹种子休眠现象。     

Regulation of tissue differentiation by plant growth regulators on tTCLs of Panax ginseng adventitious roots

Differentiated tissue in Panax ginseng cultures was found to be very efficacious for saponin production. In order to increase the yield of saponins and preserve culture stability we were testing different plant growth regulators (PGR) and auxin/cytokinin combinations to regulate a level of tissue differentiation. For this purpose we used transverse thin cell layers (tTCLs) of adventitious roots of Panax ginseng. Adventitious roots were cultivated in Shenk and Hildebrand (SH) liquid medium supplemented with IBA (24.6 μM). Callus formation and root multiplication of adventitious root tTCLs was evaluated after 4 and following 12 weeks of cultivation, respectively, on SH basal medium containing various auxins (3 mg l⁻¹) or cytokinins (0.2 or 0.02 mg l⁻¹) or their combinations. We found that kinetin (Kin) in combination with auxin benzo[b]selenienyl acetic acid (BSAA), naphthalene acetic acid or indole-3-butric acidis the best for biomass production and following root multiplication. These combinations were tested in previously selected most suitable large-scale system—a temporary immersion system RITA. The best saponin production (15.94 ± 1.89 mg g⁻¹ dry weight) and growth value (5.62 ± 0.34) was reached on medium containing BSAA and Kin combination.     

A novel in vitro hydroponic culture system for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) microtuber production

An innovative in vitro hydroponic culture system used in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) microtuber production is described in this paper. In vitro potato plantlets, 6–8 cm in height, derived from meristems of potato tubers cultured on 1/2 Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient medium after 30 days culture were cut into 1.5 cm stem node segments and used as explants. These stem nodes were cultured in a novel system called in vitro hydroponic culture system containing 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 0.5 μM naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 0.3 μM gibberellic acid (GA₃), 3.7 μM adenine sulfate, 10% coconut water, 0.5 g/l activated charcoal, 80 g/l sucrose with or without 8 g l⁻¹ agar. Liquid medium was distributed to the carrier substrates in each storey of the system with the aid of capillary robes. In the present paper, the effects of porous material used as substrate carrier and the number of storeys involved in the culture system on microtuber formation and their morphological characteristics are reported. Cotton layer substrate is more stable for organogenesis of potato microtubers. Microtubers, 3.19 mm in diameter and 49.82 mg in weight, could be harvested from a one-storey in vitro hydroponic culture system containing filter paper as substrate. However, microtubers cropped from three-storey in vitro hydroponic culture system with cotton layer were bigger and weightier than those from three-storey system containing filter paper. The above results of the in vitro hydroponic system examined in this study might open up a new approach in producing potato and other hygrophilous microtuber.     

植物生长调节剂对绿豆干物质积累动态与产量的影响

为探究植物生长调节剂对绿豆生长发育和产量的调控作用,选用'绿丰2号'绿豆品种为试验材料,在绿豆始花期以喷施清水为对照,叶面分别喷施烯效唑(S3307)和胺鲜酯(DTA-6)为处理,测定开花至成熟期间植株地上部各部位干物质积累量及干物质在各部位的分配比例、转运量和转运率,并在成熟期测产.结果 表明:始花期叶面喷施DTA-...