牛粪和食用菌栽培废料进行平菇栽培试验

以牛粪和食用菌栽培废料为主要栽培原料进行平菇生产试验,以期实现生物资源的循环再利用。结果表明:牛粪搭配食用菌栽培废料进行平菇的栽培试验是可行的,且比较菌丝的长相、出菇的菇形、菇色、出菇时间、菇重、菇产量、出菇率等得出最佳配方为:牛粪52%+废料35%。     

胡杨和灰叶胡杨锈菌夏孢子形态和侵染结构观察

 借助直接观察、显微和超微结构观测等手段,对胡杨和灰叶胡杨锈病显症叶片、锈菌夏孢子的形态、孢子萌发和侵染结构进行了观测。结果表明,胡杨和灰叶胡杨的锈菌夏孢子堆、夏孢子形态结构相似;夏孢子堆散生于叶片正反两面,近半球形或半椭球形,呈橙黄色或金黄色;夏孢子散落分布于叶片正反两面,圆形或卵圆形,透明、橙黄色,厚壁,单胞,表面密生刺瘤;胡杨和灰叶胡杨锈菌夏孢子的长轴和短轴长度、刺瘤高度及刺瘤间距四项指标均无显著性差异;夏孢子萌发产生芽管后形成菌丝,通过叶表气孔直接侵染叶片,以菌丝的形式在叶片组织内扩展。     

不同施P水平下AM真菌对黄芪生长和生理学特性的影响

通过土培试验研究了施P量与AM真菌摩西球囊霉(Glomus mosseae)对黄芪生长和生理学特性的影响。结果表明,不同施P水平对AM真菌的接种效果有显著影响,接种AM真菌能够提高黄芪根系菌根侵染率,但高P量抑制了AM真菌对黄芪的侵染。不同施P水平下接种AM真菌能有效提高黄芪产量、植株可溶性糖和矿质元素含量,但对植株可溶性蛋白含量无显著影响。并且在施P量为56~112 mg P/kg土水平下AM真菌效果较好。     

氮磷钾施肥配比对骏枣叶绿素荧光参数的影响

【目的】揭示骏枣的叶绿素荧光参数对氮磷钾在不同施肥时期施肥配比的响应机制。【方法】以新疆阿克苏地区3年生骏枣为试验材料,均株施N 0.440 kg、P₂O₅ 0.368 kg、K₂O 0.079 kg,按不同量分别于萌芽期、花期和果实膨大期施入,共组成A、B、C、D 4个氮磷钾施肥配比,以萌芽期施入尿素和磷酸二铵混合肥（质量比为1∶2.5）0.4 kg/株为对照,采用Handy PEA 植物荧光效率仪测定花期和成熟期骏枣叶片的荧光参数,研究氮磷钾施肥配比对其叶绿素荧光参数的影响。【结果】4种施肥配比的叶绿素荧光参数日变化趋势基本一致,在骏枣花期和成熟期,初始荧光（F₀）均大致呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势,而最大荧光（Fm）、PSⅡ最大光能转化效率（Fv/Fm）、PSⅡ最大光能转化潜力（Fv/F₀）总体呈现先下降后上升的变化趋势;4种施肥配比方案对骏枣的F₀、Fm、可变荧光（Fv）和Fv/Fm影响差异显著,花期F₀、Fm和Fv的顺序为C配比>B配比>A配比>D配比,Fv/Fm的顺序为D配比>C配比>A配比>B配比;成熟期F₀的顺序为C配比>A配比>B配比>D配比,Fm和Fv的顺序为D配比>C配比>B配比>A配比,Fv/Fm的顺序为D配比>B配比>C配比>A配比。【结论】不同施肥方案比较结果显示,采用D配比（萌芽期施氮0.176 kg/株、磷0.123 kg/株、钾0.040 kg/株,花期施氮0.132 kg/株、磷0.123 kg/株、钾0 kg/株,果实膨大期施氮0.132 kg/株、磷0.123 kg/株、钾0.040 kg/株）时骏枣的最大荧光产量和PS Ⅱ 光能转换效率及PS Ⅱ 电子传递活性最高,说明在氮磷钾施用总量相同的情况下,于花期和果实膨大期追施磷钾肥能够改善骏枣的光合功能。     

栅藻B38营养成分分析及蛋白质营养价值评价

对栅藻B38的营养成分进行了全面分析,结果表明,栅藻藻粉中油脂含量14%,总糖含量13.86%,粗纤维3.52%,灰分4.28%,蛋白质49.0%,为高蛋白质类微藻。栅藻B38中含有23种脂肪酸。栅藻B38中氨基酸总量为852.58 mg/g,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的47.45%,必需氨基酸指数为85.42%。两种模式的氨基酸比值系数分较接近,均在65以上;待评价物质的氨基酸品质与模式蛋白的贴近度接近1(0.93和0.88)。栅藻B38中共检测出23种矿物质元素,其中钠、钾、钙、镁、铁、铝含量较为丰富。重金属的含量均低于国家食品卫生标准。栅藻B38中维生素B₃(106.02 mg/100 g)和维生素E(540.77 mg/100 g)的量较高。综上,栅藻B38的营养较丰富,可以进一步开发利用。     

Growth,P uptake and rhizosphere properties of wheat and canola genotypes in an alkaline soil with low P availability

The aim of the present study was to assess the role of soil type on growth, P uptake and rhizosphere properties of wheat and canola genotypes in an alkaline soil with low P availability. Two wheat (Goldmark and Janz) and two canola genotypes (Drum and Outback) were grown in a calcareous soil (pH 8.5) at two P levels [no P addition (0P) or addition of 200 mg kg⁻¹ P as Ca₃(PO₄)₂ (200P)] and harvested at flowering or maturity. Shoot and root dry weight, root length and shoot P content were greater in the two canola genotypes than in wheat. There were no consistent differences in available P, microbial P and phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere of the different genotypes. Shoot P content was significantly positively correlated with root length, pH and phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere. The microbial community composition, assessed by fatty acid methylester analysis, of the canola genotypes differed strongly from that of the wheat genotypes. The weight percentage bacterial fatty acids, the bacteria/fungi (b/f) ratio and the diversity of fatty acids were greater in the rhizosphere of the canolas than in the rhizosphere of the wheat genotypes. In contrast to the earlier studies in an acidic soil, only small differences in growth and P uptake between the genotypes of one crop were detected in the alkaline soil used here. The results confirmed the importance of root length for P uptake in soils with low P availability and suggest that the rhizosphere microbial community composition may play a role in the better growth of the canola compared to the wheat genotypes.     

P2P网络传输协议浅析

本文从C/S与P2P传输方式的区别入手,讨论了P2P的发展历程,分析P2P的基本工作原理与多点传输的信息共享方式的优势所在,每个用户既是客户机同时又是服务器,极大的提高网络下载速度,丰富了网络资源,并对当前的P2P技术在人们日常生活中的各方面应用作了简要介绍。     

CO2干扰对红松和长白赤松幼苗土壤微生物量C的影响

以不同浓度CO2(700、500μm o l/m o l)处理的红松和长白赤松幼苗土壤为研究对象,在2003年的7~9月的中旬采样,对0~10 cm层土壤微生物生物量C受高浓度CO2影响进行了研究。结果表明,700μm o l/m o l CO2对红松幼苗土壤微生物生物量C起着极显著(p<0.01)抑制效应,其作用大于500μm o l/m o l CO2处理;受高浓度CO2处理的长白赤松幼苗土壤微生物生物量C表现出了与红松土壤微生物生物量C相似的变化规律。此外,500μm o l/m o l CO2条件对红松和长白赤松幼苗土壤微生物生物量C的影响存在着不稳定性。     

Customer Service Satisfaction Evaluation System and Method Viewed From Supply Chain Management

Based on experience in customer service evaluation,through the analysis of many factors affecting customer satisfaction calculation estimate, customer service evaluation rules as well as customer-oriented and supply chain partner-oriented methods are developed and discussed from the view of supply chain, besides, we construct two sets of customer satisfaction evaluation systems, in which we perform non-dimensional analysis on evaluation system to form single factor evaluation matrix after using improved AHP to determine each factor item's weighting ,utilizing fuzzy decision theory to construct evaluation model for integrated estimate. This evaluation method is scientific, round and objective with more stability and convienience in practical use.