复杂疾病的遗传咨询技术

复杂疾病大面积爆发使人们的生活健康面临着重大挑战。在这一环境下,遗传咨询在人们的生活中占据了越来越重要的地位。依据基因与环境互作共同影响个体健康的原理,咨询者在遗传咨询师的指导帮助下合理解决各种遗传学问题可以有效降低复杂疾病的发病率。目前国内的遗传咨询发展尚处于萌芽期,随着遗传咨询在健康领域的地位上升,该技术在未来将会进一步推广应用。     

毛竹珍稀新栽培变种——绿槽龟甲竹

描述了毛竹的1个新栽培变种——绿槽龟甲竹。其竹秆下部一段的节交互歪斜,上下节在一侧相连,而节间在另一侧偏肿呈龟甲状,竹秆黄色,且龟甲状秆对称绿色纵条纹,分枝一侧纵沟槽绿色,叶片有淡黄色细纵条纹。     

Critical comparison of the vanadomolybdate and the molybdenum blue methods for the analysis of phosphate in plant sap

Abstract

The performance of the vanodomolybdate and molybdenum blue methods for the routine determination of phosphate in plant sap were compared in order to assess their suitability for the detection of P deficiency at an early stage of plant growth. The molybdenum blue method was ca 10 times more sensitive than the vanadomolybdate one and required less sap to give a successful test. Recoveries of phosphate added to both sap and solution samples were close to 100% with both methods. The methods were in good agreement over a wide range of phosphate concentrations using sap samples from all leaves during the early stages of P deficiency, but increases in sap background colour caused the vanadomolybdate method to overestimate phosphate concentrations as the deficiency became more acute. Measurements on solutions of similar absorbance showed that the vanadomolybdate method was not significantly more variable than the molybdenum blue method but tended to overestimate phosphate concentration when very small volumes of sap were available. It was concluded that the molybdenum blue method was the most reliable for routine measurements of phosphate in plant sap.     

Identification and characterization of the enzymes responsible for the metabolism of the non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs,flunixin meglumine and phenylbutazone,in horses

The in vivo metabolism and pharmacokinetics of flunixin meglumine and phenylbutazone have been extensively characterized; however, there are no published reports describing the in vitro metabolism, specifically the enzymes responsible for the biotransformation of these compounds in horses. Due to their widespread use and, therefore, increased potential for drug–drug interactions and widespread differences in drug disposition, this study aims to build on the limited current knowledge regarding P450‐mediated metabolism in horses. Drugs were incubated with equine liver microsomes and a panel of recombinant equine P450s. Incubation of phenylbutazone in microsomes generated oxyphenbutazone and gamma‐hydroxy phenylbutazone. Microsomal incubations with flunixin meglumine generated 5‐OH flunixin, with a kinetic profile suggestive of substrate inhibition. In recombinant P450 assays, equine CYP3A97 was the only enzyme capable of generating oxyphenbutazone while several members of the equine CYP3A family and CYP1A1 were capable of catalyzing the biotransformation of flunixin to 5‐OH flunixin. Flunixin meglumine metabolism by CYP1A1 and CYP3A93 showed a profile characteristic of biphasic kinetics, suggesting two substrate binding sites. The current study identifies specific enzymes responsible for the metabolism of two NSAIDs in horses and provides the basis for future study of drug–drug interactions and identification of reasons for varying pharmacokinetics between horses.     

“1237”P氏生物安全立体非洲猪瘟防控体系

在目前非洲猪瘟疫苗毒株、变异毒株、野毒株并存背景下,只做好外部生物安全已不足以达到防控非洲猪瘟的目的。因疫苗毒株隐蔽性强、检测难度大,不知道通过引种是否会将疫苗毒株带到猪场。因此,未来猪场生物安全不能只关注场外生物安全,更重要的是要运用“以猪为本”的“1237”P氏生物安全立体非洲猪瘟防控体系,即在做好“控五流”等外部生物安全的同时,更要关注饮水安全、注重猪的自身健康度、提高猪的非特异性免疫力,才能实现“与非共存,与蓝共舞”。所谓“立体防控”是指全方位的防控,而不是仅仅针对猪场大门的传统生物安全防控。     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of HA and NA Genes of One Strain of H6N6 Subtype Avian Influenza Virus Isolated from Guizhou Province

To investigate the epidemic situation of H6N6 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) in Guizhou province,A/duck/Guizhou/013/2014 was isolated from Sansui duck in live poultry market of Guizhou in 2014,the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of DK/GZ/14 were subjected to clone and sequence analysis.The results showed that HA gene had the highest nucleotide homologies (97.5%) with the duck-origin H6N6 subtype AIV isolated from Eastern China in 2009,and the strains of HA gene proteolytic cleavage sites was P-Q-I-E-T-R-G,which accordeol with the molecular characteristic of low pathogenic AIV (LPAIV).However,NA gene of A/duck/Guizhou/013/2014 had the highest nucleotide homologies (98.2%) with the duck-origin H6N6 subtype AIV isolated from Fujian in 2007.The phylogenetic tree showed that A/duck/Guizhou/013/2014 and Hunan strains located in the same branch,while three duck-origin H6N6 subtype AIV isolated from Guizhou in 2007 and A/duck/Guizhou/013/2014 located in the different branch for HA and NA genes in genetic evolution,which suggested that A/duck/Guizhou/013/2014 was far with the local H6N6 subtype.The results also clearly indicated that duck-origin H6N6 subtype AIV had genetic diversity in duck population in Guizhou.     

青海东部农区引进燕麦品种各器官C、N、P生态化学计量学特征变化研究

以4个引种燕麦(Avena sativa)为典型代表,对其不同生育时期根、茎、叶中的C、N、P含量及其化学计量学特征进行测定,探讨不同生育时期燕麦C、N、P元素含量及其化学计量比的变化规律,为燕麦饲草的科学收获提供理论依据。结果表明：燕麦全株C、N、P含量分别为322.30～333.97、17.42～75.62、2.74～5.42 mg·g^-1,燕麦根C、N、P含量分别为298.42～317.92、11.47～73.71、2.82～3.42 mg·g^-1,燕麦茎C、N、P含量分别为311.25～338.86、10.15～75.16、2.44～5.06 mg·g^-1,燕麦叶C、N、P含量分别为330.80～372.47、30.64～113.80、2.59～8.65 mg·g^-1;各器官间C、N、P含量表现为叶>茎>根。此外,燕麦各器官C、N、P含量的积累过程具有一定季节特征,C含量积累过程受生育时期影响较小,表现出较强的稳定性;而N和P含量的积累过程受生育时期影响较大,其在拔节期～抽穗期均...