Effect of Training on Body Angle in 1 km Trotter of Yili Horse

This experiment aimed to analyze the effects of different training stages on the limb angle of the Yili horse in 1 km trotter.8 Two-year-old Yili horses were selected as the test subjects.Through the 1 km trotter training for three months,the trotter test race was organized before and after the training.The video analysis was used to analyze the maximum limb opening angle,the minimum contraction angle and the extreme difference of limb angle of straight and curved horses in the process of exercise,and the difference of limb angle changes in different training stages were analyzed.The results showed that in the straight movement,the maximum opening angle and minimum contraction angle of shoulder angle before training were significantly less than those after three months training (P<0.05).The maximum opening angle and angle range of the elbow and the back fetlock angle before training were extremely significantly smaller than those after the three months training (P<0.01).The carpus and tarsus angle of the minimum contraction angle and angle range were extremely significantly different from those after the three months training (P<0.01).The maximum opening angle,minimum contraction angle and angular range of the front fetlock angle before the training were extremely significantly different from those after the three months training (P<0.01).In the curve movement,the maximum opening angle of the shoulder angle was significantly greater than those before the three months training (P<0.05).The minimum contraction angle and angle range of the elbow angle and the front fetlock angle were significantly different from those before the three months training (P<0.05).The minimum contraction angle of the carpus angle was extremely significantly greater than that of the three months after training (P<0.01),the angle range of the carpus angle before the training was significantly greater than three months after training (P<0.05).The maximum opening angle and angle range of the carpus angle were significantly greater than those before the three months training (P<0.01).The minimum contraction angle of the stifle angle before training was extremely significantly less than that after training for three months (P<0.01),the maximum opening angle and the angle range of the tarsus angle was significant greater than those before the three months training (P<0.05).In summary,the training affects the change of limb angles during the movement of the horse,and improves the stability of the horse movement and reduces the risk of injury.     

青枣划痕器喂入性能及其结构参数的分析

本文对几种不同结构的划痕器刀架从自锁条件到最佳传动角方面作了一些分析,得出了刀架结构参数的取值范围及理论计算公式。为通道式仿形划痕机喂入性能的设计提供了理论依据。     

基于方位角夹角的三岔路口道路中线优化算法

基于约束Delaunay三角网法是从已有面状道路图层数据中自动获取道路中线的常用算法.根据此算法得到的岔路口处的道路中线需要进一步优化处理,三岔路口道路中线的优化处理为其中问题之一.提出了方位角夹角的概念和基于方位角夹角三岔路口道路中线的优化处理算法,根据三岔路口三条道路中线的方位角夹角的大小,求取岔路口中线交点,实现三岔路口的道路中线的优化处理.     

Optimum Design of New-style Impulse Variable Speed Device Based on Invariable Impulse Value

The impulse value of a impulse mechanism has a notable influence on the dynamics capability of impulse variable speed device. Basing on this point, the authors take crank-rocker mechanism in series with slider-crank mechanism as impulse mechanism when we design the impulse variable speed device. The link used to adjust the speed is applied in slider-crank mechanism which has no quick-return characteristic, so the advance-to return-time ratio keeps stable when we adjust its speed. The speed fluctuation also keeps invariable. The new method overcome the default that this kind of impulse variable speed device has a notable speed fluctuation. At the same time, ADAMS software is used to optimize and show the real motion law. From the simulation result we can get the speed fluctuation is down to 18% in the whole process. The change of speed fluctuation is down to 1%. The result is better than other mechanism like this category.     

空间弯管安装转角计算的新方法

提出了一种计算空间弯管安装转角的新方法，并应用到云南省临沧地区忙海河三级电站和楚雄州老虎山一级和二级电站空间弯管的安装中。根据实际施工的应用，该方法与投影几何计算方法进行了对比分析，认为采用投影几何计算方法虽然较精确但比较烦琐，不易理解，难于掌握；而采用新的计算方法计算简单、实用，虽然有一定的误差，但误差较小，通过安装过程中微小的调整就能满足要求。这种新的计算空间弯管安装转角的方法可以应用到其他工程空间弯管安装过程中。     

不同二氧化碳浓度处理对棉花生长发育和产量形成的影响

借助于OTC-1型开顶式气室进行了700ppm、500ppm和自然条件下二氧化碳浓度对棉花影响的模拟诊断试验，结果表明：二氧化碳浓度升高，特别是二氧化碳浓度倍增对棉花生育进程、生物量和产量等均有明显的正效应。     

偏航角对风力机气动性能的影响

偏航工况水平轴风力机存在典型的动态特性,为了提高动态载荷特性的预测精度,该文采用计算流体力学方法(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)研究了MEXICO(model experiments in controlled conditions)风轮在偏航角0、15°、30°、45°工况下的整机气动性能。数值模拟得到的叶片截面压力系数分布、载荷系数随方位角变化规律以及轴向入流时速度分布与试验测量值均吻合较好。当偏航角在30°以内时,采用CFD方法计算的轴向载荷系数的相对误差在±5%以内,切向载荷系数的相对误差在±15%以内;当偏航角达到45°时,轴向载荷系数的相对误差超过±15%,切向载荷系数的相对误差接近±30%,同时偏航运行时速度分布与试验测量相差较大。偏航运行时叶根处的翼型升阻力迟滞特性较叶尖处显著,但叶根处攻角变化范围小于叶尖处。采用动量叶素法进行风力机性能预测时必需充分考虑该特性。该研究为工程预测模型的建立和偏航工况风力机设计运行提供了参考。     

Culturing community development,neighborhood open space,and civic agriculture: The case of Latino community gardens in New York City

To determine the role Latino community gardens play in community development, open space, and civic agriculture, we conducted interviews with 32 community gardeners from 20 gardens, and with staff from 11 community gardening support non-profit organizations and government agencies. We also conducted observations in the gardens, and reviewed documents written by the gardeners and staff from 13 support organizations and agencies. In addition to being sites for production of conventional and ethnic vegetables and herbs, the gardens host numerous social, educational, and cultural events, including neighborhood and church gatherings, holiday parties, childrens activities, school tours, concerts, health fairs, and voter registration drives. In some cases, the gardens also serve to promote community activism. The primary concern of gardeners is to secure land tenure in the face of pressures to develop the garden sites for housing. The support organizations and agencies provide help with land tenure, as well as with advocacy, organization, and horticultural practices. Although the role of the Latino gardens in community development appears to be more important than their role in open space or agricultural production, the gardens can also be viewed as unique participatory landscapes that combine aspects of all three movements, as well as provide a connection between immigrants and their cultural heritage.