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Antifungal activity of oligochitosan against nine phytopathogens was investigated in vitro. Oligochitosan was more effective than chitosan in inhibiting mycelial growth of Phytophthora capsici and its inhibition on different stages in life cycle of P. capsici was observed. Rupture of released zoospores induced by oligochitosan was reduced by addition of 100 mM glucose. The effects of oligochitosan on mycelial growth and zoospore release, but not zoospore rupture, were reduced largely when pH value was above 7. The ultrastructural study showed that oligochitosan caused distortion and disruption of most vacuoles, thickening of plasmalemma, and appearance of unique tubular materials. Plasmalemmasomes in hyphal tip cells were not found in the presence of oligochitosan. These results suggest polycationic nature of oligochitosan contributes only partly to its antifungal activity and multiple modes of action of oligochitosan exist including the disruption of endomembrane system. 相似文献
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壳寡糖提高茄子幼苗抗冷性的效应研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
分别以1/1 500、1/1 000、1/500 和1/100(w/v)4种浓度的壳寡糖溶液对4片真叶期茄子幼苗进行叶面喷施,研究壳寡糖对茄苗抗冷性的影响.结果表明:除1/100浓度外,其它浓度壳寡糖喷施的幼苗经5℃低温胁迫处理3 d后,与清水对照组相比,其低温伤害率减少,常温下恢复生长后的存活率提高;叶片相对电导率和MDA含量增幅较小,可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量升高;SOD和POD活性增大,CAT活性降幅减少.因此,适宜浓度壳寡糖处理可增强茄苗的抗冷性, 且以1/1 000壳寡糖处理的抗冷效果最明显. 相似文献
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壳寡糖对干旱胁迫下油菜光合参数的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用酶解法获得壳寡糖, 利用CIRAS-2型便携式光合仪测定干旱胁迫下油菜光合参数。其叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)显著降低; 气孔限制值(Ls)显著提高。说明气孔限制是油菜在干旱胁迫下Pn降低的主要原因。用50 mg L-1壳寡糖溶液喷施油菜的幼苗叶片后发现干旱胁迫下油菜叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)显著提高; 气孔限制值(Ls)显著降低。说明壳寡糖有助于减轻气孔限制引起的净光合速率的降低。壳寡糖还能促进幼苗根系生长。 相似文献
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壳寡糖的诱导抗性及对TMV的体外钝化研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以摩擦接种法和半叶枯斑记数法调查了壳寡糖诱导枯斑寄主对TMV侵染的抑制率.试验结果表明,被壳寡糖诱导后的烟苗病斑率减少42.8%,被诱导植株的病斑小;壳寡糖在活体外对TMV粒子有钝化作用;壳寡糖钝化病毒液处理植株在1~5个小时内处理的病斑数比对照的减少80%左右,但其钝化作用在一定时间内有效,体外钝化处理超过15 d后钝化效果消失.壳寡糖液浓度为0.5×10~5 μg/ml以内,对病毒有明显的钝化作用,病斑率降低94.9%~77.6%,当浓度低于0.9×10~6μg/ml时,对病毒的体外钝化作用消失. 相似文献
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针对鲜食梨枣成熟后贮藏期短,商品性会随贮藏期延长而降低等问题,试验以太谷梨枣为试材,采用低聚壳聚糖-电生功能水溶液、电生功能水溶液、低聚壳聚糖水溶液三种处理方式进行涂膜保鲜。通过对梨枣的呼吸强度、硬度、咀嚼性、失重率、细胞膜透性和可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、维生素C含量、黄酮含量、丙二醛含量和过氧化氢酶活性的测试,以期探究三种处理对梨枣品质及相关酶活性的影响结果表明:在贮藏50天后,与对照组相比,低聚壳聚糖-电生功能水溶液失重率降低40.5%,可溶性固形物含量高出7%、过氧化氢酶峰值高出87.95%。三种处理均可不同程度地降低果实失重率,保持较高的果实硬度和可溶性固形物含量,明显推迟呼吸高峰的到来并抑制丙二醛积累,活性细胞膜透性更低;同时抑制可滴定酸含量、维生素C含量、黄酮含量和过氧化氢酶活性的下降,差异显著(p<0.05),其中低聚壳聚糖-电生功能水溶液处理对保持果实贮藏品质、延缓果实衰老、延长货架期最有利。 相似文献