小麦新品种咸麦519选育及配套高效栽培技术

阐述了小麦新品种咸麦519的选育背景和过程,并从农艺性状、抗病性、品质等方面总结了其品种特性。根据咸麦519特征特性及栽培试验研究结果,介绍了其配套高效栽培技术,包括整地、施肥、种子处理、播期播量、播种质量、灌溉、病虫害预防和收获等方面技术内容,以期为该品种在生产中的高效应用提供参考。     

日本大豆种质十胜长叶对我国大豆育成品种的遗传贡献分析

日本大豆品种十胜长叶是引进种质在我国大豆育种中利用最多的品种之一.对2005年以前利用十胜长叶育成的195个大豆品种进行了系谱分析,旨在明确十胜长叶对各育成品种的遗传贡献率,总结其利用方式,为国外种质的利用提供依据.通过分析发现,利用十胜长叶衍生育成的品种分布在吉林、黑龙江、辽宁、北京4个省市,它所衍生的品种数分别为96个、89个、8个和2个;平均遗传贡献率分别为13.04%、14.99%、20.31%和7.81%.其中92.2%的品种是由杂交育成的.十胜长叶对这些品种的遗传贡献率范围为0.78%～50.00%,以遗传贡献率为12.50%、6.25%和25%的衍生品种数较多,占衍生品种总数的77.3%,说明十胜长叶的利用以至少三交效果比较好,通过复交有利于聚合国内外品种的优良特性.十胜长叶在我国大豆育种中的成功利用说明,通过与当地品种杂交选育创造优良中间材料是利用国外引进种质改良我国大豆品种的有效育种途径.     

花生新品种邢花3号的选育

以冀油4号为母本、7915为父本通过有性杂交选育而成的花生新品种邢花3号,具有优质、高产、中熟、抗逆性强和适应性广等特点.邢花3号适宜在北方花生产区春播或麦垄套种栽培.     

中早熟高产抗病抗虫棉品种衡棉4号的选育

衡棉4号是用GK12为外源抗棉铃虫Bt基因的供体,以具有海岛棉、陆地棉和野生棉遗传基础的省1322系作抗病亲本,以冀棉27为丰产亲本,在黄枯萎混生重病地、不防治棉铃虫的高压胁迫下连续定向选择培育而成.突出表现早熟、抗棉铃虫、高产和抗病.适宜在冀中南及同一生态类型地区推广.     

抗病虫棉花新品种邯棉103的选育

邯棉103是以早熟、高产、优质、抗病的邯333为母本,以转基因抗虫棉GK-12为父本杂交,经枯黄萎混生病圃定向选择培育而成.该品种具有高产、稳产、抗病、抗虫、吐絮肥大和衣分高等特点,2007年3月通过河北省品种审定委员会审定,适宜在冀中南及黄河流域棉区春播种植.     

扇贝新品系“紫海墨”F4的生长特征和生产性能分析

为考察扇贝新品系"紫海墨"的生产性能,为新品系选育效果提供依据,在同一海域养殖、相同管理模式和相同养殖周期下,对新品系"紫海墨"F4与墨西哥湾扇贝(Argopecten irradians concentricus)养殖群体的壳长、壳高、壳宽、体质量、闭壳肌质量和壳质量等7个性状及各阶段成活率进行生长特征和生产性能分析。结果表明,新品系"紫海墨"F4从10月13日养殖至翌年4月28日,壳长从1~1.5 mm长至50~60 mm的成品时,累积成活率为51.32%,显著大于墨西哥湾扇贝的29.18%(P<0.01);养殖周期内,两个养殖群体同一时期的壳长、壳高、壳宽和体质量也有极显著差异(P<0.01),新品系"紫海墨"F₄的生长速度高于墨西哥湾扇贝;经过6.5个月的养殖,新品系"紫海墨"F₄的壳长、壳高、壳宽、体质量和闭壳肌质量分别比墨西哥湾扇贝提高了19.50%、19.84%、16.23%、56.30%和20.20%。     

福建省平鳍鳅科鱼类的研究

经鉴定,采自福建省龙岩市九江支流满竹溪的拟腹吸鳅属标本为一新种,依山名而定为梅花山拟腹吸鳅Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｇａｓｔｒｏｍｙｚｏｎ ｍｅｉｈｕａｓｈａｎｅｎｉｓｉ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。根据三年野外调查和鱼类标本采集,已知福建省平鳍鳅科鱼类计１８种。     

Field performance and molecular diversification of lemon selections

Lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.) is one of the most important Citrus fruit for Turkey because of its great amount of production and export. It has been cultivated for a long time in Turkey, and therefore variations for agronomical traits are likely among cultivated lemons due to bud mutations and, hybridizations. The objectives of this study were to determine variations for some selected agronomical traits and genetic markers among 12 new lemons derived from selections. Tree growth, yield, fruit quality, and molecular diversification of these clones were determined. After four years of evaluation, ‘Kutdiken’ M-51 indicated the highest canopy volume. For yield per tree, the best clone was ‘Kutdiken’ M-51. After five years of evaluation, ‘Kibris’ M-54 had the highest fruit weight and acidity. ‘Italian Memeli’ M-56 contained the lowest seed number and the highest total soluble solids. Molecular analysis, as assessed with 22 random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 11 inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers, indicated that seven of twelve clones were separated with RAPD markers, whereas four were distinguished with ISSR markers. Combined analysis of RAPD and ISSR data detected that similarity values among the lemons clones were between 0.97 and 1.00. It can be concluded that variations in orchards are abundant and mainly due to mutations.     

Molecular identification and genetic analysis for 24 turf-type Cynodon cultivars by Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism markers

Bermudagrass (Cynodon ssp.) germplasm is genetically diverse and widely distributed in the world. The study was conducted to identify and assess the molecular variation and relationship among 24 cultivars developed in China, Australia and the USA. Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) was applied to cultivars identification in this study for the first time. Thirty of the 90 SRAP primer combinations generated a total of 274 clearly bands encompassing 249 (91%) polymorphic. Each bermudagrass cultivar has its unique binary code and can be distinguished from the others. Three distinct clusters were obtained by unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages based on the polymorphic markers. Coefficients of genetic distance among the genotypes ranged from 0.57 to 0.97. The results demonstrated that SRAP marker is a stable molecular marker technique for the identification of bermudagrass cultivars and their genetic relationships.     

Cross-transferable polymorphic SSR loci in Prunus species

This work reports the transferability and polymorphism of previously reported SSRs in 10 Prunus species. The availability of a large number of SSRs in the genus Prunus makes marker choice random, while preventing comparison of results in fingerprinting studies. The availability of SSR markers, polymorphic in a wide sample of Prunus species, would facilitate marker choice, while allowing the comparison of results. In this work, microsatellite markers useful for analyzing 10 different Prunus species (P. persica, P. dulcis, P. armeniaca, P. domestica, P. insititia, P. salicina, P. cerasifera, P. avium, P. cersus and P. mahaleb) were searched through screening SSRs previously reported to be conserved and/or polymorphic in more than one Prunus species. A selected group of 13 SSRs, transferable to the 10 species, was analyzed in terms of their usefulness for analyzing these species. The amplification range, polymorphism and variability detected by these loci are reported. The information provided will be useful for Prunus genetic studies as well as conservation and management of Prunus germplasm resources.