26例犬毛囊肿瘤的组织病理学诊断和免疫组织化学分析

本研究旨在为犬毛囊肿瘤的诊断提供最优的免疫标记物,提高肿瘤诊断的准确性,缩短肿瘤的病理学诊断时间,为犬毛囊肿瘤病的临床精准治疗提供帮助.作者收集了26例临床犬毛囊肿瘤病例,分别用免疫标记物CK5/6、CK8/18、CK19、P63、CD34、CD10、Vimentin对肿瘤样本进行免疫组织化学标记(IHC).26例犬毛...     

Expression analysis of key somatotropic axis and liporegulatory genes in ghrelin- and obestatin-infused dairy cows

Ghrelin, an orexigenic hormone, is the endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). Obestatin is produced from the same precursor peptide as ghrelin, and although obestatin was initially thought to promote actions opposite to those of ghrelin, many studies have failed to confirm this hypothesis. In the current study, multiparous cows were continuously infused with ghrelin (n = 10) or obestatin (n = 10) for 8 wk and compared to an untreated group (n = 10) to examine the effects of these hormones on somatotropic and liporegulatory gene expression. The expression of key genes was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Growth hormone secretagogue receptor mRNA expression was altered in ghrelin- and obestatin-infused cows in a similar manner, as expression was increased at 4 wk, however it had decreased by 8 wk. Obestatin-infused cows presented with a significant decrease in the expression of ATP-binding cassette A1 (ABCA1) in adipose tissue, suggesting changes in cholesterol transport. Liver insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-3 mRNA displayed a week-by-treatment interaction, as expression was increased in control and obestatin-infused cows; however, expression decreased in ghrelin-infused cows. Adipose expression of hormone sensitive lipase (LIPE) mRNA was not altered by treatment or time, suggesting hormone infusion is not initiating lipolysis. The expression of lipogenic genes in adipose tissue increased with time in all groups, consistent with the general lactational profile of lipogenesis in dairy cows. These data indicate that continuous infusion of ghrelin or obestatin does not alter the expression of key somatotropic or liporegulatory genes in the lactating dairy cow, although obestatin infusion may alter cholesterol transport.     

卵巢肿瘤患者血清CA125的检测及其意义

目的：探讨CA125检测在卵巢肿瘤患者中的临床意义。方法：应用免疫放射分析法（IRMA）测定75例恶性卵巢肿瘤（包括上皮性恶性卵巢肿瘤62例．非上皮性恶性卵巢肿瘤13例）、19例子宫内膜异位症、13例盆腔结缔组织炎、96例良性上皮性卵巢肿瘤、13例交界性卵巢肿瘤及52例健康女性的血清CA125值．并结合其临床表现作统计学分析。结果：恶性上皮性卵巢肿瘤患者血清CA125值明显高于良性卵巢肿瘤、交界性卵巢肿瘤和非上皮性恶性卵巢肿瘤患者．差异有显著性（P〈0.01）;但与子宫内膜异位症、盆腔结缔组织炎患者血清CA125值比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）;血清CA125的表达与上皮性恶性卵巢肿瘤的临床分期、化疗疗效密切相关（P〈0．01）。结论,血清CA125作为卵巢肿瘤标记物的重要指标,应在其诊断及治疗中常规检测。     

A COMPARISON OF NORMAL TISSUE COMPLICATION PROBABILITY OF BRAIN FOR PROTON AND PHOTON THERAPY OF CANINE NASAL TUMORS

This study compared the calculated normal tissue complication probability of brain in dogs with a nasal tumor, which had both photon and proton treatment planning. Nine dogs diagnosed with a variety of histologies, but all with large, caudally located nasal tumors were studied. Three-dimensional (3-D) photon dose distribution, and a proton dose distribution was calculated for each dog. To calculate the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) for brain, the partial brain volume irradiated with the prescribed dose was determined, then a mathematic model relating complications to partial volume and radiation dose was used. The NTCP was always smaller for proton plans as compared to photon plans, indicating conformation of the dose to the target allows a higher dose to be given. If a 5% NTCP were accepted, the mean applicable dose for this group of dogs was 50.2 Gy for photons, but 58.3 Gy for protons. Not all dogs would benefit the same from proton irradiation. If a large partial brain volume has to be irradiated, the advantage becomes minimal. There is also a minimal advantage if the planning target volume (PTV) includes a small, superficial brain volume. However, for a complex PTV shape the degree of conformation is clearly superior for protons and results in smaller calculated NTCPs.     

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FEATURES OF TUMORS OF THE SPINE AND SPINAL CORD IN DOGS

Twenty-one dogs with confirmed tumors of the spinal cord or paraspinal tissues were imaged with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Anatomical location, location in relation to the dura and the medulla (spinal cord), and bone infiltration were assessed on the MR images and compared to findings at surgery or necropsy. Localization of tumors in the intradural-extramedullary compartment was not always possible. Bone infiltration was correctly assessed in all but one dog, and the anatomical locations involved were accurately determined in all dogs. Sagittal T2-weighted images were helpful to determine the anatomical location. Transverse T1-weighted images pre and post Gd-DTPA administration were helpful for additional localization and definition of tumor extension.     

甘肃省动物肿瘤病的发生与动物种属之间的相关性

通过对甘肃省兰州、白银、武威、酒泉、天水等地动物肿瘤病近２０年发生情况调查统计，发现甘肃省动物的一些肿瘤与动物种属有明显的相关性，调查统计涉及的动物有１１种，检出良性肿瘤１６种、恶性肿瘤２３种，检出率最高的肿瘤是鸡马立克氏病。各种动物的好发肿瘤：马属动物－纤维瘤、黑色素瘤、乳头状瘤、纤维肉瘤、恶性黑色素瘤；牛－乳头状瘤、纤维瘤、鳞癌、瞬膜癌；羊－肺腺瘤病、山羊会阴癌；鸡－马立克氏病、淋巴肉瘤；双峰驼－肝脂肪瘤；鱼－骨瘤；猪、兔检出类型少，检出率也较低。值得注意的是上述１３种肿瘤中８种是皮肤肿瘤，并主要发生于大家畜马属动物、牛和羊，这一特点可能与甘肃省地处高原地带，家畜长期遭受紫外线照射密切相关。     

VERTEBRAL TUMORS IN THE DOG: A CLINICAL RADIOLOGIC, AND PATHOLOGIC STUDY OF 61 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LESIONS

The clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic features of 26 primary and 35 secondary vertebral tumors of the dog with varying periods of clinical signs, possibly influenced by their being referred dogs, are presented. Pain without neurologic signs was the predominant initial sign with both primary and secondary tumors. However, by the time of hospital admission, most dogs had neurologic deficits. The time from pain onset to neurologic deficit ranged from two days to nine months. German Shepherd Dogs, Standard Poodles, and Labrador Retrievers were heavily represented; the average age was 7 years and there was a slight predominance of male dogs. Both primary and secondary tumors showed a destructive pattern, often with cortical destruction and adjacent disc space collapse. An associated paravertebral soft tissue mass was frequently present in the secondary tumors, 13 of 35 being secondary to intrapelvic tumors. Osteosarcomas were the most common primary tumor; the secondary tumor cell type varied. Most dogs were euthanized immediately upon histopathologic confirmation of the disease.