膀胱粘膜下注射丝裂霉素C预防膀胱癌术后复发的疗效观察

目的;观察膀胱粘膜下注射丝裂霉素Ｃ预防膀胱癌术后复发的临床疗效。方法：８５例膀胱癌患者随机分为两组：（１）粘膜下注药组４３例,在肿瘤切除后术中应用丝裂霉素Ｃ６－８ｍｇ加生理盐水４０－６０ｍＬ行膀胱粘膜下注射。（２）对照组４２例,术后应用丝裂霉素Ｃ２０ｍｇ加生理盐水４０ｍＬ定期膀胱内灌注。     

肝癌组织中PTEN和TIMP-3的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨抑癌基因PTEN和TIMP-3在肝细胞性肝癌（HCC）组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法收集30例HCC、癌旁组织和10例正常肝组织,用qRT-PCR、Western blot、免疫组化SP法检测PTEN、TIMP-3mRNA和蛋白表达,分析PTEN和TIMP-3表达与HCC临床病理特征的关系。结果癌组织中PTEN和TIMP-3mRNA和蛋白表达均明显低于癌旁组织、正常肝组织（P〈0.01）,且在癌旁组织中的表达亦明显低于正常肝组织（P〈0.01）。PTEN和TIMP-3蛋白表达在肝外转移、分化差、血清AFP≥400μg/L和Ⅲ～Ⅳ期肝癌组织中的表达明显低于无肝外转移、分化好、血清AFP〈400μg/L和Ⅰ～Ⅱ期肝癌（P〈0.01或0.05）者;两者在是否伴有肝硬化和不同肿瘤大小肝癌组织中的表达均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 HCC癌组织中PTEN和TIMP-3表达下调,表达水平有助于判断HCC侵袭转移能力、临床分期和肝外转移。     

甲状腺髓样癌超微结构的观察

本文用透射电镜对1例甲状腺髓样癌进行观察。结果表明:细胞胞浆内含有大量神经内分泌颗粒,粗面内质网丰富,线粒体数量增加。细胞间没有明显的连接结构,间质常见有由微纤维构成的淀粉样物质;并发现癌细胞胞浆中含有一种晶格状包涵体,其性质和意义尚不清楚。     

2例犬肝胆管细胞癌的病理学诊断

肝胆管细胞癌是来源于肝胆管上皮细胞的恶性肿瘤,在多物种中都有发生。笔者运用组织病理学和免疫组织化学的方法,对2例犬肝肿瘤进行了诊断。结果显示：肝肿瘤眼观均为圆球形白色肿块,组织病理学检查肿瘤组织由呈腺管状排列的瘤细胞构成,有的腺管中央有坏死脱落的细胞,有的有黏液样物质,腺管间以薄的纤维结缔组织分隔,瘤组织有大片的坏死。瘤细胞多呈卵圆形,细胞核大、卵圆形,核分裂象多见,瘤细胞的CK19阳性表达,而CK18和AFP呈阴性表达。根据组织病理学和免疫组织化学检查结果判断,2例犬肝肿瘤为肝胆管细胞癌,本研究为犬肝肿瘤诊断积累了病理学资料。     

携带CD自杀基因NDV重组病毒对小鼠肝癌细胞转移模型的治疗效果

采用反向遗传操作技术构建新城疫病毒基因组NP/P位点表达胞嘧啶脱氨酶(Cytosine deaminase,CD)基因弱毒力重组新城疫病毒rClone30-CD和中毒力重组新城疫病毒rAnhinga-CD。MTT检测结果表明,在协同5-氟胞嘧啶(5-Fluorocytosine,5-FC)条件下,两株重组新城疫病毒可在体外有效杀伤人肝癌细胞HepG2。通过Balb/c鼠尾静脉注射小鼠肝癌细胞H22构建小鼠肝癌细胞转移模型,经重组病毒协同5-FC联合治疗,荷瘤小鼠转移肿瘤体积显著缩小、肿瘤组织出现明显凋亡与坏死。体内试验结果表明,中毒力重组新城疫病毒rAnhinga-CD抑瘤效果优于弱毒力重组新城疫病毒r Clone30-CD。     

维拉帕米和三苯氧胺逆转卵巢癌细胞对阿霉素耐药性的实验研究

目的 了解维拉帕米和三苯氧胺体外逆转卵巢癌细胞阿霉素耐药性的效果及临床意义.方法 分别以阿霉素、维拉帕米和三苯氧胺作用于人卵巢癌亲本细胞SKOV3和阿霉素耐药细胞SKOV3/ADM后,采用MTI法检测药物对癌细胞的抑制作用,以细胞内阿霉素聚集量测定和流式细胞术检测凋亡.结果 维拉帕米和三苯氧胺能部分逆转耐药细胞对阿霉素的耐药性,且维拉帕米能显著增加耐药细胞内阿霉素的聚集量并促进其凋亡.结论 虽然维拉帕米和三苯氧胺能部分逆转耐药细胞对阿霉素的耐药性,但用于临床的意义不大.     

survivin与PTEN、PCNA在子宫内膜癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的观察survivin、PTEN、增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)在子宫内膜癌(EMC)中的表达及临床意义。方法运用免疫组化S-P法检测survivin、PTEN、PCNA蛋白在48例EMC、19例子宫内膜不典型增生、23例正常子宫内膜组织中表达情况,及其在EMC不同临床分期、组织学分级、肌层浸润程度表达。结果survivin、PCNA和PTEN在正常子宫内膜、子宫内膜不典型增生及EMC中的表达不同,不典型增生组、EMC组与正常子宫内膜组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01),不典型增生组与EMC组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。EMC临床Ⅱ期、ⅢⅣ期survivin表达与Ⅰ期有不同,Ⅲ~Ⅳ期PTEN、PCNA表达与Ⅰ期有不同,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同组织学G2、G3 survivin、PTEN、PCNA表达与G1有不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。无肌层浸润或浸润程度≤1/2组PTEN、PCNA表达与浸润程度>1/2组不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论检测survivin、PTEN、PCNA三者的表达水平对判断EMC的恶性程度及预测预后具有一定的临床参考价值。     

人低分化鼻咽癌裸鼠移植瘤的微血管构筑

目的：观察人低分化鼻咽癌裸鼠移植瘤的微血管形态。方法：将人低分化鼻咽癌细胞单克隆株（ＣＮＥ－２Ｚ－Ｈ５）接种于裸鼠皮下,然后对荷瘤鼠进行ＡＢＳ血管灌注,扫描电观察;移植瘤组织用因子Ⅶ相关抗原免疫组化（Ｓ－Ｐ）方法观察血管形态。结果：（１）肿瘤微血和构筑表现为外形不规则,窦状,囊腔状血管形成,血管分级不明显;（２）血管壁薄,血管腔数量少,管壁仅有一层内皮细胞,缺乏平滑肌,基底膜薄或缺如,内皮细胞间联     

Combined excision and intralesional bevacizumab for sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid in an Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica)

An 18‐year‐old zoo‐kept female Amur tiger presented with an approximately 5 mm diameter lateral canthal eyelid mass in the left eye which grossly appeared red and irregular. The mass was completely excised via lateral canthoplasty. Histopathologic evaluation was consistent with a diagnosis of sebaceous cell carcinoma, which is a potentially aggressive cutaneous neoplasm. The sebaceous carcinoma recurred within 3 months and slowly increased in size until a second surgical excision was performed 9 months following the first surgery. The second surgical excision was combined with intralesional injection of 10 mg of the antiangiogenic drug bevacizumab. Histology confirmed the diagnosis. The tiger was euthanized 16 months postoperatively for reasons unrelated to, and without recurrence of, the eyelid neoplasm. At postmortem, no gross periocular or metastatic lesions were noted, and histopathology of the lateral canthus provided no evidence of recurrence. Surgical excision combined with intralesional bevacizumab treatment induced life‐long resolution of the sebaceous carcinoma. Bevacizumab treatment may be associated with the regression of periocular angiogenic proliferative conditions, including neoplasia, by inhibiting angiogenesis.     

In Vitro and in Vivo Anticancer Activity of Pardaxin against Proliferation and Growth of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Pardaxin (H-GFFALIPKIISSPLFKTLLSAVGSALSSSGGQE-OH), a 33-amino-acid polypeptide, is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) isolated from the marine fish species Pardachirus marmoratus. Pardaxin shows antibacterial and antitumor activities. However, pardaxin-induced inhibition of oral cancer and the mechanism of tumor reduction in buccal pouch carcinogenesis after pardaxin painting remain undetermined. Additionally, the toxic effects of pardaxin on normal tissue remain unclear. The present study investigated the anticancer activity of pardaxin in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells in the hamster buccal pouch model with or without 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) pretreatment. This is the first study to confirm the effects of pardaxin on normal tissue and its nontoxic effects in vivo. Cell viability assays and colony formation tests in OSCC cell lines (SCC-4) demonstrated that pardaxin reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Immunofluorescence staining of cleaved caspase-3 in SCC-4 cells revealed that expression of activated caspase-3 in SCC-4 cells significantly increased after 24-h treatment with pardaxin. Additionally, a cell cycle analysis indicated that pardaxin treatment resulted in the cell cycle arrest of SCC-4 cells in the G2/M phase, thereby limiting cell proliferation. Furthermore, pardaxin treatment substantially alleviated carcinogenesis in the DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch model by lowering prostaglandin E₂ levels. These results suggest that pardaxin is a potential marine drug for adjuvant chemotherapy for human OSCC and oral cancer.