烟草野火病病原菌对农用链霉素的抗药性测定

为合理防治烟草野火病,减少抗药性产生,减少农药残留,从云南省8个地州分离烟草野火病菌菌株43个,并就分离菌株对农用链霉素的抗药性进行了测定,结果表明,供试43个菌株中高抗菌株8个,中抗菌株比例较高17个,低抗菌株18个。不同来源的烟草野火病原菌株的抗药性存在差异,文山、昆明的菌株抗药性最高,红河菌株抗药性最低,抗性倍数最高达2000多倍,其余地州抗药性居中。不同地州分离菌株高、中、低抗菌株的比例存在明显差别。分离自文山邱北县双龙营镇的25#菌株抗药性最强,抗性倍数达45907.75,来自文山砚山县阿猛镇租白村的34#菌株抗药性最低。43株烟草野火病菌菌株对农用链霉素的EC50值平均为4.65,范围在0.004~183.631。高、中、低抗菌株的平均抗性倍数分别为6124.69、49.72、6.40。     

高光谱遥感监测农作物病虫害研究进展

832003 石河子大学农学院农业昆虫与害虫防治专业2003级硕士研究生     

烤烟间套作草木樨和甘薯对烟叶含钾量及烟草病毒病的影响

通过田间试验,研究了烤烟与甘薯套种、烤烟与黄花草木樨间种控制烟草病毒病（烟草普通花叶病和烟草蚀纹病毒病等）的控制效果。研究结果表明：烤烟间种草木樨和烤烟套种甘薯的处理不同程度地减轻了烟草病毒病的危害,特别是对烟草普通花叶病和烟草蚀纹病毒病的防治效果极显著,防治效果分别达到77.24%、77.86%和80%、100%,从而提高了烟草产量和品质。间套作处理的较单作相比,烟叶含钾量提高了0.05%~0.92%。     

常见玉米病害的危害症状、发生规律及防治方法

对玉米矮花叶病毒病等玉米常见病害的危害症状及发生规律进行了介绍,并提出了相应的防治方法。     

闽中山区再生稻病虫害发生特点与综合防控技术

介绍了闽中山区尤溪县再生稻病虫害发生特点,提出了综合防控的有效措施。     

蚕病检测中免疫学技术的研究与应用

本文介绍了有关应用免疫学技术蚕病进行检测的研究。根据已有研究和养蚕业的特点，认为家蚕微粒子病的检测是一项非常值得研究的技术。家蚕微粒子病检测的技术根本是解决基于实际应用条件下的灵敏度和特异性问题。     

猪常见传染病的诊断与防治

随着我国养殖业的迅速发展，规模化、集约化程度越来越高，但随之而来的还有疾病的发生。近年来，我国养猪场的传染病越来越多，防控力度越来越大，但疾病的传播和蔓延仍在加剧。该文就猪场的常见传染病猪瘟、口蹄疫、猪丹毒、蓝耳病的诊断与防治做了简要的介绍，从而为这几种的预防和治疗打下基础。     

浅谈如何使用烟剂有效防治森林病虫害

烟剂是防治森林病虫害的主要手段之一,非常适用于树高、林密、交通不便、水源缺乏的林区。由于药剂转变成烟以后,颗粒变得非常小,能够到达茂密的树冠、叶子的正反面、树皮缝隙等处,大大提高了防治病虫害的效果,所以烟剂防治是一种很有前途的防治方法。     

Yield losses on wheat crops associated to the previous winter crop: Impact of agronomic practices based on on-farm analysis

Wheat is one of the most important cultivated cereals worldwide. In Uruguay, the area increased from 153.000 ha to 453.000 ha between 2004 and 2012, nowadays representing 80% of the total winter crops area. As the high area of the crop, is common planting wheat in a field with wheat as previous winter crop (“wheat after wheat”). This practice leads to a high inoculum pressure of necrotrophic pathogens which guarantees disease inoculation mainly of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (tan spot—TS) and Zymoseptoria tritici (septoria leaf blotch—SLB). There is strong evidence that integrated crop management practices such as nitrogen (N) fertilization, genetic resistance to leaf diseases and fungicides could mitigate yield losses associated with monoculture. However, the impacts of integrated technologies based on actual field data have not been reported before. We based our study in an on-farm wheat yield and management database to assess the previous winter crop effect on wheat yield under no-till systems. This database corresponds to a set of farmers grouped in CREA (Consorcio Regional de Experimentación Agrícola). A complete database of 1292 no-till wheat fields was analyzed. The effect of previous winter crop on yield and the impact of different technologies were estimated based on two approaches: (i) yield quartile analysis and (ii) yield frontier analysis. The crop rotation had a significant impact on yield. The practice of growing “wheat after wheat” was associated with a yield loss of ca 500 kg ha⁻¹. The selection of a diseases resistant cultivar under “wheat after wheat” fields increases yields in ≈700 kg ha⁻¹. The percentage of fields with an efficiency higher than 80% improved from 49 to 77% when a resistant cultivar to TS and SLB was selected, and when N fertilizer was applied earlier and in higher rates. Unexpectedly, only 18% of the “wheat after wheat” fields are applying these two technologies in scenarios under high inoculum pressure. This study, based in on-farm data, highlights the relevance of integrated disease management, and remarks the potential of this approach to minimize the interference of foliar diseases in fields with high inoculum pressure of stubble-borne pathogens.     

小麦病虫草鼠害综合防治技术

小麦的病虫草鼠害的综合防治,要以保护利用有益生物为重点,以农业措施为基础,协调好化学防治与生物防治。