Effects of light,macronutrients, and sucrose on germination and development of the endangered fern Adiantum reniforme var. sinense (Adiantaceae)

Effects of light, macronutrients strength of Murashige and Skoog (MS) (1962), and sucrose in the culture medium on spore germination and gametophyte development of the endangered fern Adiantum reniforme var. sinense were investigated. The presence of light was found to be essential for both spore germination and gametophyte growth. Moreover, a medium consisting of 1/4 MS with 15 g/l sucrose was optimal for spore germination and early gametophyte development; whereas, MS medium with 30 g/l sucrose was optimal for further gametophyte development. Increasing amounts of sucrose (45–60 g/l) in the medium delayed gametophyte growth and development. Additionally, sporophyte formation and early growth of gametophytes in a medium consisting of clay and peat (v/v = 1:2) was higher than those in a medium consisting of pure river sand. These findings indicated that requirements for nutrients for spore germination and early gametophyte development of A. reniforme var. sinese were relatively low, but these increased with further gametophyte development, formation and growth of sporophytes.     

MS培养基不同成分对马铃薯脱毒试管苗生长的影响

为了探索马铃薯脱毒苗高效低成本快繁培养基,以'陇薯7号'和'陇薯20号'试管苗为试材,测定不同培养基上试管苗的株高、茎粗、叶片数、茎叶鲜干重和叶绿素含量.以除去有机的MS培养基为对照,在仅缺钙的培养基上,两品种都能正常生长,但'陇薯20号'的株高显著低于对照;仅缺乏微量元素或同时缺乏钙盐和微量元素时,'陇薯7号'与对照...     

香菜挥发油GC/MS测定

对香菜茎叶及根经水蒸汽蒸馏--萃取得到的挥发油进行气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)分析.其中香菜茎叶中主要成分有:壬烷、癸烷、癸醛、十一醛、环癸烷、十二醛、2-十一烯醛、2-癸烯-1-醇、十三醛、十四醛等,香菜根挥发油中主要成分有:壬烷、辛醛、癸醛、环癸烷、十-醛、十二醛、十四醛等.     

High frequency of plant regeneration from anther culture in flax, Linum usitatissimum L.

The effects of induction medium compositions on flax anther culture were investigated in order to improve the efficiency of callus induction and plant regeneration. Anthers were inoculated onto the modified MS medium supplemented with five different combinations of plant growth regulators. The medium containing the combination of 2mg/l 2,4- dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D) and 1 mg/1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) produced a significantly higher number of calli forming shoots/100 responded anthers and a significant increase in overall efficiency of regeneration than the same basal medium containing 1 mg/1 a-naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA) and 2 mg/1 BAP (CK). Among the five levels of thiamin hydrochloride tested, the modified MS medium containing 10 mg/1 thiamin hydrochloride significantly increased the number of calli forming shoots/100 responded anthers and the overall efficiency of regeneration compared with the same basal medium containing 0.1 mg/1 thiamin hydrochloride. Maltose concentration had a significant effect on the percentage of anthers producing call, the number of calli forming shoots/100 responded anthers and the overall efficiency of regeneration. The medium containing 6% or 9% maltose produced the highest overall efficiency of regeneration among the five levels of maltose evaluated. Sucrose concentration significantly affected the number of calli forming shoots/100 responded anthers and the overall efficiency of regeneration, and dramatically affected the frequency of microspore-derived plants and the frequency of spontaneous chromosome doubling in microspore-derived plants. The efficiency of doubled haploid line production obtained in this study appears adequate for applied breeding programmes.     

玉米粉中伏马毒素FB1基体标准物质的评价

为填补我国在伏马毒素基体标准物质的空白,本试验研制了以玉米粉为基体的伏马毒素FB1标准物质,玉米样品经过筛、加标、冷冻干燥、磨粉、混匀、密封分装后,用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)法检验样品的均匀性、稳定性,幵联合多家实验室对玉米粉中伏马毒素FB1含量定值,同时分析样品的不确定度。样品均匀性经斱差分析法表明F值为1.42,小于临界值F_0.05,且伏马毒素FB1含量在觃定时间6个月内无明显变化。结果表明,均匀性与稳定性均符合标准物质的要求。样品定值为1475.56μg kg^–1,不确定度为169.98μg kg^–1。该标准物质可替代进口标准物质,用于伏马毒素检测过程中的仪器校准、实验室质量控制和操作人员的水平考核等。     

茶叶中农药溶解出情况研究

利用液相色谱质谱联用仪,建立茶叶浸渍在水中农药残留溶出含量的检测方法。在试验过程中,优化试验条件,建立前处理方法,并且评价方法的回收率、相对标准偏差,建立适合评价模型的检测方法。通过绘制溶出曲线,确定随着时间的延长,溶出量逐渐下降,也就是说在泡茶过程中洗茶是非常重要且必不可少的步骤,有助于减少人们受到农药残留的危害。     

次氯酸钠用于植物培养基灭菌方法初探

对在培养基的配制过程中添加次氯酸钠替代培养基高压蒸汽灭菌的方法进行了研究,取得了如下结果：在培养基凝固后添加次氯酸钠,温度25℃、光照强度2000lx、光照时间为16小时的培养条件下,浓度为360mg/L时,仍有部分培养基污染;在培养基配制过程中,琼脂加热溶解后,趁热在培养基中添加10mg/L次氯酸钠,未发污染。以‘神马’菊花为外植体,在培养基配制过程中加入终浓度20mg/L的次氯酸钠时,植株可以正常生长,而且,生长状况好于高压灭菌组;次氯酸钠浓度高于50 mg/L时,生长状况差于高压灭菌组,而且会产生伤害。     

不同培养基质及条件对三种报春花种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

在不同培养基质及条件下对海仙花报春(Primula poissonii Franch.)、香海仙报春(Primula wilsonii Dunn)、多脉报春(Primula polyneura Franch)的种子萌发及幼苗生长进行了研究.结果表明,上述3种报春花的种子萌发情况是多脉报春＞香海仙＞海仙花报春.在四种不同的培养基中,MS及N6培养基对报春花种子萌发及幼苗生长比改良WPM、Miller培养基好.不同糖浓度及pH4.5～6.5对报春花种子萌发及幼苗生长无明显影响.GA处理能缩短报春花种子萌发时间.人工气候箱条件下报春花种子萌发及幼苗生长比在培养室的条件下更好.光照对种子萌发有促进作用,但当光照强度增强时,又会使报春花的幼苗叶片白化,产生光抑制,造成幼苗的死亡.在遭受光胁迫时,海仙花报春比多脉报春有较强的适应性.     

四种国产鸢尾属植物种子萌发特性研究

采用不同的贮藏条件、种皮处理和播种基质对国产4种鸢尾属植物的种子萌发进行了初步研究.试验结果显示:4℃冷层积能明显促进长葶鸢尾(I.delavayi Mich.)、西南鸢尾(I .bulleyana Dykes)、金脉鸢尾(I.chrysographes Dykes)的种子萌发,而高原鸢尾(I.collettii Hook.f.)的种子在室温和冷层积两种贮藏条件下,萌发率能达到100%和98.33%,没有区别;去除种皮后,长葶鸢尾、金脉鸢尾的种子萌发率提高,但是种皮对高原鸢尾、西南鸢尾的种子萌发没有抑制作用,在剥皮和未剥皮的情况下萌发率基本相同;对比3种不同的播种基质,根据种子的萌发情况和幼苗的生长情况,混合土(红土:腐殖土=1:2)、腐殖土是较好的选择.     

饲料中主要霉菌毒素液相色谱串联质谱同时测定技术研究进展

饲料中霉菌毒素是我国畜禽养殖业中存在的主要危害因素之一。在饲料中常见、且对动物健康造成严重损害的霉菌毒素有6种,即黄曲霉毒素B1、呕吐毒素、T-2毒素、赭曲霉毒素A、玉米赤霉烯酮、伏马毒素B1。本文全面深入分析了国内外对这6种主要霉菌毒素检测技术的最新研究,对其方法过程和性能特点(提取剂、净化方法、定量方法、回收率等)进行了系统比较,为我国建立饲料中这6种霉菌毒素高效、经济、环境友好的同时检测技术标准提供经验。