An immunologic investigation of canine eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy

Immunologic variables in dogs with eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy (EBP) have not been extensively evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations and to perform phenotypic subtyping of lymphocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and peripheral blood (PB) of 12 dogs with EBP at the time of diagnosis (TD) and to compare these data with those obtained in healthy dogs, as well as in EBP dogs after antibiotic therapy (TAB) and during corticosteroid treatment (TM). Matched samples of serum and BALF were used to determine Ig concentrations (IgG, IgM, and IgA) by capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), from which a secretory index (SI) was calculated. Lymphocyte subpopulations were studied in the BALF and PB by flow cytometry. Log values of BALF IgM and IgA were significantly higher (0.64+/-0.05 and 1.06+/-0.13, respectively) in EBP dogs at TD than in controls and then tended to decrease at TM (0.55+/-0.03 and 1.02+/-0.17, respectively). A calculated SI for IgA was not significantly increased. In the BALF of dogs with EBg the CD4: CD8 was significantly (P < .05) higher (22.6+/-30.3) than in controls (3.2+/-1.9), due to significantly higher CD4+ T cells and lower CD8+ T cells. At TM, the BALF T-cell percentages returned to normal (2.4+/-0.6). We propose that the influx of eosinophils into the airway of dogs with EBP is at least in part mediated by cytokines derived from CD4+ T cells. Further studies of canine cytokines and chemokines will help determine whether canine EBP involves type I hypersensitivity mechanisms regulated by Th2 lymphocytes.     

Flow cytometric characterization of T lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of Chinese rhesus macaques: normal range, age- and sex-related differences

Available data on the normal levels of white blood cell populations in healthy rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) originated and living in China is scanty. To obtain such data, blood samples from 150 Chinese rhesus macaques were collected and the normal range of white blood cells and their subsets were analyzed according to age and sex by flow cytometry. CBC data showed that the count of total white blood cells and lymphocytes decreased with age. Phenotypic analysis of CD4 and CD8 expression on CD3+ T lymphocytes showed that the percentage of CD4+ T cells (51.4+/-9.6%), CD4-CD8- T cells (8.5+/-4.1%) and the ratio of CD4+ T to CD8+ T cells (1.26+/-0.55) decreased with age; and the percentage of CD8+ T cells (42.0+/-9.7%), CD4+CD8+ T cells (1.3+/-0.9%) and CD3+ lymphocytes (55.3+/-13.3%) increased with age. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the male and female groups in most parameters in these monkeys except for the percentage of CD4+CD8+ T cells. This study provided basic information about blood cell count and T lymphocyte subsets in Chinese rhesus macaques. It may be useful for comparative studies using Indian and Chinese rhesus macaques.     

Immuno-electromicroscopic approach for the study of neural stem cell niches

Lymphoproliferative response (LPR) was studied in 19 lambs orally infected (Group I) with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) with in vitro lymphocyte stimulation test using MTT dye reduction assay. The non-specific LPR against Con A and specific LPR against sonicated antigen and johnin PPD (purified protein derivatives) were estimated on preinfection (0 day) and various days postinfection period (15 to 330 dpi) in the animals, which were classified according to histological and bacteriological evidence of paratuberculosis infection. Of the two antigens used, johnin PPD was found to be superior in terms of consistency and uniformity of response over an observation period of about a year. Significantly (P < 0.05) higher LPR were observed in the infected sheep during postinfection period, as compared with preinfection values and values from uninfected control sheep. It was evident from the present study that the LPR in histologically infected animals fluctuated during the long course of infection and had a definite relationship with the gut pathology and the mycobacterial load. The LPR were stronger but variable in sheep with grades 1, 2 and 3 lesions (paucibacillary) and increased progressively from 30 dpi onwards. The sheep with the advanced lesions (grade 4, multibacillary) showed progressive decline in LPR till 120 dpi after initial stronger response at 30 dpi. Most of the animals were detected by LPR before initiation of faecal shedding of MAP. The results suggested that repeated testing was required while screening an infected flock for detecting most of the positive animals.     

芪板青颗粒对雏鸡免疫功能的作用研究

用芪板青颗粒对疫苗免疫后的鸡进行试验,以分析其功能作用。结果表明,芪板青颗粒药物高、中剂量组、散剂对照组和药物对照组在多数时间点的血清ND和IBD抗体效价、淋巴细胞增殖、血清IFN-γ和IL-2含量及免疫器官指数高于或显著高于免疫对照组和药物低剂量组(P 0.05),药物高、中剂量组和散剂对照组的增重效果显著优于免疫对照组、药物对照组和药物低剂量组(P 0.05)。表明芪板青颗粒高、中剂量具有较好增强免疫作用。     

贫血病雏鸡Lasota疫苗免疫后免疫器官组织T细胞亚群变化

应用微波间接酶标抗体染色法(WIEAS)对鸡贫血病毒(CAV)感染雏鸡Lasota疫苗免疫后免疫器官组织的CD4^ 、CD8^ T细胞数量及CD4^-与CD8^ T细胞比值的变化进行了动态研究，结果发现，CAV感染1日龄雏鸡Lasota疫苗免疫后，其胸腺、脾脏和盲肠扁桃体的CD4^ 、CD8^ T细胞数量及CD4^ 与CD8^ T细胞比值均程度不同地低于CAV未感染Lasota疫苗免疫对照雏鸡。表明，CAV感染雏鸡免疫器官组织对Lasota疫苗的细胞免疫应答机能降低或减弱。     

中药成分复方对兔外周血淋巴细胞增殖、IFN-γ和IL-10的mRNA表达以及兔出血症疫苗免疫效果的影响

【目的】研究两个中药成分复方（cCHMIs）的免疫增强作用和机理。【方法】选择黄芪多糖、淫羊藿多糖、蜂胶黄酮和人参皂苷4种中药成分组成两个复方,用MTT法和荧光定量RT-PCR法测定它们对兔外周血淋巴细胞增殖和IFN-γ、IL-10 mRNA的表达影响;并将两个复方作为佐剂,配合兔出血症疫苗免疫幼兔,以铝胶苗和无佐剂苗为对照,分别于免疫后7、14、21、35、49 d用MTT法和血凝抑制法测定外周血淋巴细胞增殖和血清抗体的动态变化,于免疫后63 d测定免疫器官指数和攻毒保护率。【结果】两个复方在体外均可以显著促进淋巴细胞增殖,提高淋巴细胞IFN-γ、IL-10 mRNA的表达;作为佐剂,两个复方可以显著提高免疫兔的血清抗体效价,促进体内淋巴细胞增殖,显著促进圆小囊、肠淋巴结等免疫器官的发育,有较高的攻毒保护效果。【结论】两个复方中药成分具有较强的免疫增强作用,可被开发成新型的免疫增强剂。     

白蜡虫免疫调节作用试验研究

对白蜡虫的特异性和非特异性免疫调节功能进行了试验研究,结果表明:特异性免疫的血清溶血素试验中,白蜡虫高剂量组小鼠的溶血素生成量明显高于对照,淋巴细胞转化增殖试验中,白蜡虫高剂量组小鼠的淋巴细胞转化增殖明显.非特异性免疫的小鼠碳粒廓清试验、免疫器官的变化未出现阳性结果.试验结果表明白蜡虫对机体的细胞和体液特异性免疫都有提高的作用,说明白蜡虫具有免疫调节功能,具有较高的资源开发利用价值.     

抗菌肽对肉鸡外周血T淋巴细胞转化的影响

将420只7日龄AA肉雏鸡随机分为7组,在其日粮中分别添加300mg/kg、600mg/kg两个浓度的抗菌肽粗提品,分不同饲养阶段添加到肉鸡日粮中,同时设抗生素组和空白对照组于28日龄早晨空腹翅静脉采抗凝血,分离淋巴细胞,分别用ConA、抗菌肽刺激,MTT法检测T淋巴细胞转化情况.结果表明,抗菌肽能够促进肉鸡外周血淋巴细胞增殖转化,且因添加日龄不同效果有所差异.     

仔猪痢清对动物细胞免疫功能影响的初步研究

[目的]研究仔猪痢清口服液对动物细胞免疫功能的影响。[方法]分别采用MTT法和中性红吞噬法测定仔猪痢清口服液对猪淋巴细胞转化和小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬作用的影响。[结果]给药组猪淋巴细胞的转化显著高于对照组;给药组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞活性与生理盐水对照组相比有显著性差异。[结论]该口服液具有良好的促进ConA诱导的猪外周血T淋巴细胞转化作用和促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬中性红作用,表明其具有良好的免疫增强效果。     

黄芪对肉鸡免疫力的影响

将120只1日龄AA肉鸡均分A、B、C、D四组,饲养至8日龄时,在饲料中添加黄芪,剂量分别为:60g/kg(A)、40 g/kg(B)、20 g/kg(C),持续7d,D组为对照组.各组试验鸡于15、22、29日龄时3次扑杀,采取血液样品,分别检测鸡外周血淋巴细胞转化率、新城疫抗体滴度.结果表明:黄芪试验组均能提高鸡体的体液免疫和细胞免疫功能,添加黄芪各组鸡外周血淋巴细胞转化率与D组对照比较,A组差异极显著,B组差异显著,C组差异不显著.