景观生态学在自然保护区旅游开发和管理中的应用

旅游开发是自然保护区可持续发展的有效途径之一。然而,一些保护区在旅游开发过程中,由于缺乏生态思想和景观保护意识,造成了景观资源的退化和对保护对象的破坏。在自然保护区旅游开发与管理中,导入景观生态学的基本原理,对自然保护区旅游开发进行景观生态规划与设计,并加强景观生态管理,能够促进自然保护区旅游的可持续发展和达到自然保护的目的。     

基于产学研合作教育的园林植物造景课程教学改革与实践

以培养适应社会发展需要的应用型园林绿化人才为教学目的,在对园林植物造景课程现状分析的基础上,从教学主线的确立、教学方法、教学手段、考核评价体系等方面进行了教学改革的研究和探讨.     

From Hiking Through Farmland to Farming in a Leisure Landscape: Changing Social Perceptions of the European Landscape

The idea that landscape has been created by human activities on a biophysical basis allows for clear cause–effect reasoning. However, landscape planning and management practice learns that it is impossible to neglect the social perception of landscape, i.e. the ways people think about nature and landscape. It is the result of social research and human sciences of the last decade that a differentiation in views of nature and landscape can be identified in the different groups of social actors in the landscape. Case studies from France and the Netherlands show a marked change in values attributed to nature and landscape in the end of the last century. Social demand for landscape is growing and a shift from a functional image of nature and landscape to a more hedonistic image like the Arcadian and wilderness images has taken place. Comparing the Netherlands with France and rural with urban inhabitants, the influence of urbanisation is evident in this process. It is further shown that images of nature vary considerably between for example farmers, urban residents, hunters and conservationists. The way people perceive landscape seems determined by their functional ties with the landscape and the social praxis in which they encounter the landscape. It is concluded that the concept of landscape is nearer to the lifeworld of people than the abstract notions of nature and biodiversity. This implies a big challenge both for national and international landscape policies and for local landscape management initiatives to be developed, taking into due consideration both the material and immaterial nature of landscape.     

Investigating Neolithic land use in Swifterbant (NL) using micromorphological techniques

In the Swifterbant area in The Netherlands, a complete Neolithic landscape is preserved, buried in a wetland environment. A dozen sites (dating from ca. 4300–4000 cal. BC) on levees of a former creek system are characterized by a black layer containing large amounts of carbonized plant remains, burnt bone, flint and pottery. These sites are usually interpreted as occupation sites with accumulated refuse of a society in transition from a Mesolithic to a Neolithic lifestyle (hunting and herding), in an area that was too wet for crops.In the context of a new research campaign in the area, we investigated the site- and land-use on two locations (S2 and S4) using micromorphological techniques.On S2, the soil matrix in the archaeological horizon has a heterogeneous, non-sedimentary appearance due to the ubiquitous presence of rounded and subrounded aggregates. These aggregates indicate that the sediment was disturbed after deposition, but it is unclear by what human activity. This disturbance is not restricted to the archaeological site horizon, but extends also into the under- and overlying layers.On S4, three layers can be distinguished. Only the lower and central parts are usually regarded as archaeological layers. The lower layer shows thorough mixing of the (partly decalcified) groundmass and the incorporation of anthropogenic materials (carbonized plant remains, burnt bone, etc.). Most probably, the thorough mixing is a result of tillage. The central layer consists of thinly laminated phytoliths and carbonized plant remains with ample fragments of (burnt) bone, angular sediment clods and some dog coprolites. Mineral sediments are absent. Apparently, the layer was formed by human activities that resulted in a massive accumulation of burnt organic materials and anthropogenic debris. The preservation of the micro-layering formed by phytoliths and carbonized is remarkable, since trampling would have deformed or disturbed the layering. The surprising conclusion therefore has to be that this location was not the main settlement area—as was implicitly thought until now. Rather, the area should be interpreted as a location where specific activities resulted in the accumulation of burnt plant material, e.g. a waste dump. The upper layer again has indications of anthropogenic soil disturbance. Samples from the basin adjacent to the levee site show sediments that are deformed by trampling. The transition of the site to the channel shows no signs of trampling, but rather interfingering of site layers with channel sediments. Lack of trampling in the central zone of S4 and the adjacent channel shore is at odds with the classical interpretation that the site represents a settlement area. The black layers that up till now were thought to encompass a complete settlement, could very well be a very prominent part of larger sites with remains of human activities during the Neolithic.     

安徽省苏埠镇某住宅区规划设计研究

科学的中国当代住宅环境艺术理论研究要从以人为本与生态环境两方面分析。该研究吸收中国乡土生态建筑环境观的精髓,为当代设计所用,通过对安徽省苏埠镇某住宅区规划设计的实践,进行立足于保护乡村环境、因地制宜以及可持续发展战略的研究。     

浅析当前房地产行业中景观设计存在的问题

针对当前房地产景观设计的现状,笔者指出其中存在的问题,并力求从中寻求解决问题的方法和途径。     

简约、时尚、差异化的景观体验——中远通惠上河嘉园景观设计

文章通过对中远通惠上河家园三个地块不同现状、不同建筑布局、不同空间形态的具体分析,提出了三个地块应采用不同特点的景观设计策略去营造差异化的景观体验。     

园林专业“计算机辅助设计”课程教学改革探讨

分析了常用园林计算机辅助设计软件的特点和教学中存在的问题,并从教学内容、教学方式、教学手段等方面,对园林专业＂计算机辅助设计＂课程的教学改革进行了探讨。     

我国西部边境城镇防灾避险绿地建设浅析——以云南省红河哈尼族彝族自治州城市绿地系统为例

从调查红河哈尼族彝族自治州的城市绿地系统出发，分析了其避险防灾能力，同时提出了加强城市绿地系统建设以及提高防灾避险能力的对策及措施。     

践行科学发展观，推进园林绿化的建设和管理

以科学发展观统领园林绿化的各项工作，推动园林绿化建设和管理切实转入科学发展的轨道，是开创城市绿化工作新局面的首要课题。该文回顾了近年来广州实施青山绿地工程，进行城市绿化建设的做法和实效，探讨在科学发展观统领下进行园林绿化建设和管理的实践。