观赏竹在城市园林绿化中的作用

通过对观赏竹类植物生态和造景特点的介绍,了解观赏竹的绿化特性和竹类植物的环保功效,并根据城市园林绿化不同的需求,对面植、丛植、绿篱、地被植等相应的造景设计形式进行介绍。     

中国的竹景观资源

竹景观是一种特殊的景观资源，由竹的自然景观和竹的人文景观构成。竹的自然景观主要包括风景竹林景观、专类竹园景观、庭园竹景观和盆景竹景观；竹的人文景观主要由竹建筑景观、竹制器具、竹工艺品、竹食品、竹民俗和竹文化博览等组成。     

以人为本，创造高等公路景观

文章从人的角度出发简要探讨了高等级公路景观的内涵，从景观设计的原则、内容方面就高等级公路的景观设计展开论述，然后从生态环境和生活环境出发对高等级公路的景观设计进行了剖析。     

园林植物病虫害系统控制的几点思考

分析了园林植物病虫害系统控制的重要性,针对园林病虫害系统控制的特殊性,从园林健康方面,提出了园林植物病虫害系统控制需注意的几个主要问题:园林工作者要具有园林健康意识,注重园林植物病虫害系统控制的科学性和前瞻性;建立本地区的园林植物病虫害和天敌以及小环境的系统网络体系,重视园林植物病虫害系统控制的目标化;乡土树种的合理利用和优质苗木的选育;进一步探索园林健康及病虫害系统控制的论证。     

武夷山风景名胜区景观空间格局研究

景观结构又称景观空间格局 ,是大小和形状不一的景观嵌块体在景观空间上的排列 (伍业钢等 ,1992 )。景观结构决定着景观功能 ,而功能的改变最终将从结构的变化中反映出来 ,因此 ,景观空间格局研究是景观生态学三大核心问题的核心 (贾宝全等 ,2 0 0 1)。景观异质性是景观最重要的属性之一 (Formanetal .,1986 ;Risseretal.,1984 ;Turner,1987) ,而景观空间格局既是景观异质性的具体体现者 ,同时又是多种生态过程在不同尺度上作用的最终结果 (贾宝全等 ,2 0 0 1)。景观空间格局及其变化和发展是自然、生物和社会要素相互作用的结果 ,影响着…     

日本北海道北部寒温带森林流域林冠层凋落物及其养分归还量的景观格局(英文)

Within a forested watershed at the Uryu Experimental Forest of Hokkaido University in northern Hokkaido, overstory litterfall and related nutrient fluxes were measured at different landscape zones over two years. The wetland zone covered with Picea glehnii pure stand. The riparian zone was deciduous broad-leaved stand dominated by Alnus hirsuta and Salix spp., while the mixture of deciduous broadleaf and evergreen conifer dominated by Betula platyphylla, Quercus crispula and Abies sachalinensis distributed on the upland zone. Annual litterfall averaged 1444, 5122, and 4123 kg.hm^-2·a^-1 in the wetland, riparian and upland zones, respectively. Litterfall production peaked in September-October, and foliage litter contributed the greatest amount （73.4%-87.6 %） of the annual total litterfall. Concentrations of nutrients analyzed in foliage litter of the dominant species showed a similar seasonal variation over the year except for N in P glehnii and A. hirsuta. The nutrient fluxes for all elements analyzed were greatest on riparian zone and lowest in wetland zone. Nutrient fluxes via litterfall followed the decreasing sequence： N （11-129 kg.hm-2.aq） 〉 Ca （9-69） 〉 K （5-20） 〉 Mg （3-15） 〉 P （0.4-4.7） for all stands. Significant differences were found in litterfall production and nutrient fluxes among the different landscape components. There existed significant differences in soil chemistry between the different landscape zones. The consistently low soil C：N ratios at the riparian zone might be due to the higher-quality litter inputs （largely N-fixing alder）.     

Using model scenarios to predict and evaluate forest-management impacts on soil base saturation at landscape level

Silviculture, forest conversion and technical tools of ecosystem management, such as forest liming, display their effects at the landscape level. Therefore their planning and control should take place at the same scale. The primary objective of this work was to assess soil chemical properties and their changes in relationship to ecosystem management, especially forest conversion and forest liming. We calculated scenario models, based on regression analysis, which allow such an examination in the context of understanding landscape processes which can be expected to operate in the sampling region. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to predict soil chemical attributes (base saturation, pH, C/N content and stock, exchangeable stocks of Ca and Mg) as indicators of site stability or off-site effects of forest ecosystems such as effects on clean drinking water from forested watersheds. Because of space limitations, in this paper only the modelling results of base saturation are presented. Base saturation was used as an integrative example for other soil chemical properties. The transformation of measurements to the regional scale, i.e., the regionalization, was calculated for the forested parts of two test regions in the Black Forest on the basis of measured chemical properties of 90–150 soil profiles per test region. The models have a spatial resolution of 50×50 m, which is a spatial scale relevant for forestry practice and forest management. Topographic variables (e.g., elevation, aspect, slope gradient, and slope length), the stratigraphic classification of the geologic substrate, stand characteristics from forest inventory data, and finally technical information about forest liming were the auxiliary variables (secondary site properties) that provided indirect information about base saturation and were available for the whole forested area of the test regions. Base saturation could be predicted with an accuracy of ~50–70% (in terms of the multiple R²) by using these properties as predictor variables in multiple linear regression analyses. The explained proportion of variance was unexpectedly high considering the high geomorphological heterogeneity of the two test regions. Based upon the regionalization models, it was possible to establish scenarios showing the landscape-related effects on base saturation that may be achieved by forest conversion towards a higher proportion of forests with broad-leaved mixed stands and by forest liming. These scenarios allow the interactions between several influencing factors and management strategies and the impacts on the target variable to be synoptically judged. Thus the presented regionalization models achieve the role of decision support tools for the planning of forest management at the landscape level. They allow an assessment of the environmental effects of forest management strategies in terms of site sustainability or preservation of water resources in forested catchments.     

广州花园酒店空间改造与优化设计研究

在城市化进程快速发展的同时,一批城市高档酒店迅速崛起,导致城市早期建成的知名酒店因更新步伐较慢,而逐渐失去竞争力。因此建设时间较早、已明显老化的酒店迎来了更急迫的发展挑战。如何优化酒店原有的生态价值和人居环境,提升酒店的服务体验与综合发展成为重要的研究课题。以广州花园酒店为例,利用“道法自然”“以人为本”的设计思想,从优化酒店公共空间序列、完善景观层次、丰富植物种类及色彩、提升景观群落韵律等方面,提出酒店景观空间的优化、改造与再利用措施,力求提升酒店的竞争力。     

社会情境视野下的岭南传统私家园林研究思路

文章通过对社会情境概念进行解析,论述了西方园林史研究范式的变革;针对岭南传统私家园林的研究现状,结合当代国际上的新观点、新动向,探讨了基于社会情境研究园林的构想,旨在为岭南传统私家园林的研究提供新的思路和方法。     

基于RS和GIS的成都市郊区景观格局分析

将遥感影像经过纠正和增强后,采用自动分类和目视判读结合的方法获取了成都市郊区的景观类型分布信息;通过选择分析指标,对研究区景观格局指数进行了分析.结果表明:成都市郊区生态环境处于比较良好的状态,总体景观格局由少数景观类型占主导地位.成都市郊区各区县间生态环境存在一定的差异;双流县和温江区保持了良好的景观多样性,而龙泉驿区和青白江区景观相对比较单一;郫县和温江区景观由少数类型占主导地位比其他区县突出;在景观分布形式上,双流县和新都区景观成片分布现象也比其他区县严重;各区县人类活动对景观格局影响也不相同,其中双流县景观受人类活动影响最大,自然生态环境受到极大破坏,而青白江区和龙泉驿区的自然生态环境得到较好的维护.