Dopamine modulates the physiological response of the tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon

Levels of glucose, lactate, pO₂, pCO₂, HCO₃⁻, TCO₂, Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, protein, and oxyhemocyanin in the hemolymph and its osmolality and pH were measured when tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon (13.5 ± 1.5 g body weight), were individually injected with saline or dopamine at 10^− 8, 10^− 7, or 10^− 6 mol shrimp^− 1. Results showed that hemolymph glucose, lactate, pCO₂, HCO₃⁻, and TCO₂ values increased from 2 to 4 h; hemolymph osmolality, Na⁺, and total protein had increased at 2 h; and hemolymph K⁺ decreased from 2 to 8 h after the dopamine injection. All physiological parameters returned to the control values 4–16 h after receiving dopamine. The dopamine injection also significantly decreased the oxyhemocyanin/protein ratio of P. monodon which occurred at 2 h, resulting from an elevation of hemolymph protein and a slight decrease of oxyhemocyanin. These results suggest that stress-inducing dopamine caused a transient period of modulation of energy metabolism, osmoregulation, respiration, and the acid–base balance in P. monodon in adapting to this environmental stress.     

低能氮离子束对不同倍性水稻的诱变效应

对二倍体水稻和同源四倍体水稻进行了低能氮离子束注入处理并对其生物学效应进行了鉴定.结果表明,低能氮离子束注入处理后对同源四倍体水稻产生的生物学效应比对二倍体水稻的生物学效应更明显,前者比后者对低能氮离子束注入更敏感;6份同源四倍体水稻的平均变异频率为21.2%,而6份相应的二倍体水稻的平均变异频率为2.6%;通过对实验材料的鉴定和筛选,获得了一些具有一定特点的突变体(高结实率的同源四倍体水稻、具有双胚苗特性的同源四倍体水稻、具有红心米性状的二倍体水稻等).由此认为,利用低能离子束注入技术对同源四倍体水稻进行遗传改良的效果值得肯定.     

苹果采后Ca2+、K+外渗及胞外Ca2+的变化

与‘富士’苹果相比,‘辽伏’、‘新红星’苹果乙烯释放率较高,达到高峰较早,果肉软化较快,Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｋ＾＋外渗率呈逐渐升高趋势;外源ＭｇＳＯ４诱导的果肉圆片Ｃａ＾２＋渗漏量明显增多,其变化动态是先下降,后回升。富士苹果的Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｋ＾＋外渗率无明显增加。外源钙处理对新红星苹果Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｋ＾＋外渗率的影响较小。     

大体积进样离子色谱法测定饮用水中溴酸盐等7种无机阴离子

建立大体积进样,离子色谱法(IC)测定饮用水中不同数量级F-,BrO3-,Cl-,Br-,NO2-,NO3-,SO4-等7种无机阴离子的新方法。采用离子色谱碳酸盐等度淋洗系统,高容量色谱分析柱AS-23,DS5电导检测器,500μL定量环直接进样分析饮用水中7种无机阴离子的保留时间等,并通过峰面积法定量各种阴离子含量。该法各离子线性相关性好(R>0.999 0),精密度高(RSD<3.6%),准确度好(平均回收率96.5%～102.4%),检出限低(3.56～6.74μg/L,以500μL进样量计算)。可同时测定饮用水中不同数量级浓度的7种无机阴离子,检出限低,操作简便,快速准确,不仅能够满足水质监测要求,而且大幅提高检测效率。     

漏磁腐蚀检测器新型探头机构的设计

为了解决漏磁腐蚀检测器在管道内检测过程中因探头机构姿态不稳、偏磨及支撑弹簧易折断、易震颤带来的一系列问题,对检测器所用探头机构进行研究,设计制造了一种全新的探头机构.该机构增加了辅助支撑弹簧和柔性连接铰链,很好地解决了传统探头机构存在的不足.该机构的检测探头将以往探头加耐磨层结构变为整体灌装探头壳形式,改善了检测探头的提离值,提高了检测信号的可靠性.与传统探头机构相比,该机构的使用能够有效提高检测数据的可靠性和稳定性.     

柴油机冲缸垫故障的原因分析

对柴油机冲缸垫的故障现象进行了介绍,并对故障产生的原因和机理进行了研究和分析。     

聚类分析在管网故障点定位中的应用

在管网状态估计的基础上,对管网进行故障(泄漏)模拟,建立管网故障模拟数据库.利用多元统计学上的聚类分析方法,对管网故障模拟的数据进行聚类分析,将需要研究的管网的所有管段虚拟地分为M个区域,即"虚拟分区".并利用多元统计学上的判别分析方法,对泄漏情况进行故障定位.     

低温胁迫对山茶物种2个抗寒性生理指标的影响

山茶花是我国著名的木本花卉,在园林上主要用作地栽或者盆栽供观赏,少数品种也可用作盆景或者切花.花可入药,种子可以榨油食用,木材可供雕刻之用,总之山茶全身是宝.     

住宅卫生间渗漏的原因和控制措施

本文分析了住宅卫生间渗漏原因,并提出了预防措施与治理办法。     

Fertilizer-induced Changes in Rhizosphere Electrical Conductivity: Relation to Forest Tree Seedling Root System Growth and Function

Fertilization is standard practice in forest tree seedling nursery culture. Additionally, fertilization at outplanting has potential to facilitate nutrient uptake and reduce transplant shock. Fertilization, however, may dramatically alter rhizosphere chemical properties such as pH, ion availability, and electrical conductivity (EC). These changes may inhibit root system growth and function by reducing soil osmotic potential and creating specific ion toxicities. The risk of root damage associated with high EC levels appears to be dependent on species, age of root system, and soil moisture availability. Root inhibition in container nursery culture of conifers is likely to occur above 2.5 dS m⁻¹, though threshold EC levels for bareroot culture and field plantings are largely unavailable. Fertilization at outplanting has the added risk that drought conditions may prevent leaching of excess fertilizer salts, which can increase rhizosphere EC beyond safe levels and ultimately impair root uptake of water or nutrients. For fertilization programs to be successful, a critical threshold balance must be maintained between optimizing seedling nutrient availability in the rhizosphere, while minimizing potential for root damage. Future research is needed to identify optimal EC levels for a range of species across all stages of the reforestation process, from nursery culture through plantation establishment.