Effect of dietary Schizochytrium microalga oil on selected markers of low‐grade inflammation in rats

The objective of the present study was to evaluate a potential of Schizochytrium microalga oil to alleviate possible negative effects of high‐fat‐high‐energy diets. Forty adult male rats (Wistar Albino) were fed 7 weeks the diet containing beef tallow + evaporated sweetened milk (diet T) intended to cause mild obesity and low‐grade systemic inflammation. Consequently, the animals were divided into four groups by 10 animals each and fed either the T‐diet (control) or the diet containing 6% of safflower oil (S), 6% of fish oil (F) and 6% of Schizochytrium microalga oil (A), respectively, for another 7 weeks. The A‐diet decreased (p < 0.05) live weight to 86% and glycaemia to 85% of control, respectively; an effect of the S‐ and F‐diet on these markers was insignificant (p > 0.05). In comparison with control, higher (p < 0.05) deposition of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the epididymal adipose tissue (EAT) of the A‐rats correlated with increased (p < 0.05) plasma adiponectin concentration, but it was without the effect (p > 0.05) on cellular adiponectin content in the EAT. Higher (p < 0.05) EPA+DHA deposition in the liver of the A‐rats correlated with higher expression (149% of control; p < 0.05) of the gene coding for peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma, and with lower expression (82% and 66%; p < 0.05) of the genes coding for adiponectin receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2; no relationship to the expression of receptor GPR120 was found. The A‐diet did not affect amount of the nuclear fraction of the nuclear factor kappa B in the liver, but increased plasma level of anti‐inflammatory cytokine TGF‐β1 (p < 0.05). The presented data agree with results of other in vivo rodent and human studies, but not with literature data regarding in vitro experiments: it can be concluded that the effects of dietary oils on inflammatory markers need further investigation.     

唐古特大黄留薹高度对其产量、品质和土壤水分的影响

采用单因素随机区组法,在甘南高原地区研究了唐古特大黄不同留薹高度对其产量、品质和土壤水分的影响。结果表明:唐古特大黄7月下旬开花前进行去薹,留薹10 cm的耗水率最小,主根长、根径、单株根干重等经济性状和产量最高,且比对照增产14.07%(P<0.01),品质也最优。留薹15 cm的水分利用效率9月份最高为1.43 kg/(mm.hm2);留薹高度在10~15 cm较为理想,既可以节水又能达到增产和改善药材品质的效果。     

加快信息化建设 服务怀来农业

从搭建服务平台、延伸服务通道、服务怀来农业三个方面,阐述了怀来县＂8＋1＂农业农村信息化服务模式,为解决农业农村信息传递＂最初一公里＂和＂最后一公里＂问题进行探索,促进了全县农业增产和农民增收。     

猪流行性腹泻病毒S1D蛋白的优化表达及其单克隆抗体的制备

为进一步探究猪流行性腹泻病毒(Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,PEDV)S蛋白的抗原表位及其功能,本试验通过优化S1D基因的密码子,构建了S1D基因未优化的重组原核表达质粒pET-S1D和已优化的pET-ΔS1D,并进行了诱导表达和纯化。使用SDS-PAGE和Western blotting方法验证S1D、ΔS1D蛋白在大肠杆菌内得到正确表达,利用Image J软件对S1D、ΔS1D蛋白表达量进行灰度扫描,通过t检验分析两者差异性。将纯化的ΔS1D 蛋白免疫 BALB/c小鼠,通过细胞融合、筛选及亚克隆,获得单克隆细胞株。利用体内诱生法制备抗PEDV S1D蛋白的单克隆抗体腹水,使用ELISA、Western blotting、间接免疫荧光试验3种方法对腹水效价及特异性进行检测和验证。SDS-PAGE和Western blotting结果显示,表达S1D、ΔS1D蛋白的样品均在34 ku处出现正确的目的条带。t检验结果表明, S1D、ΔS1D两者蛋白表达量差异极显著(P<0.01)。ELISA结果显示, 腹水的抗体效价达到了1∶1 000 000,腹水与PEDV病毒粒子和纯化后的ΔS1D蛋白反应均呈阳性,与PEDV N蛋白、pET-32a(+)空载体蛋白和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(Transmissible gastroenteritis virus,TGEV)、猪瘟病毒(Classical swine fever virus,CSFV)、猪德尔塔冠状病毒(Porcine deltacoronavirus,PDCoV)和猪急性腹泻综合征冠状病毒(Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus,SADS-CoV) 5种病毒反应均呈阴性。Western blotting结果显示,腹水与ΔS1D蛋白和PEDV S蛋白分别在34和180 ku处有特异性条带出现,与pET-32a(+)空载体蛋白、正常Vero细胞蛋白均无特异性条带出现。间接免疫荧光试验结果显示,腹水及阳性对照组均能使细胞出现特异性绿色荧光信号,而空白及阴性对照组均未见绿色荧光信号。密码子优化可在原核表达系统中显著提高重组蛋白的表达水平,本研究基于高效表达的ΔS1D蛋白,成功制备了1株能稳定分泌与 PEDV S蛋白特异性结合的单克隆抗体的细胞株,为进一步探究 PEDV S蛋白抗原表位及蛋白功能的研究奠定了基础。     

Prevalence and genetic diversity of Anaplasma marginale strains in cattle in South Africa

Bovine anaplasmosis, caused by the tick-borne rickettsia Anaplasma marginale, is endemic in South Africa and results in considerable economic loss to the cattle industry. This study was designed to characterize strains of A. marginale at the molecular level from cattle raised in communal and commercial farms in the north-eastern and south-western regions of the Free State Province, South Africa, that varied in rainfall and vegetation. Seroprevalence to A. marginale was determined in 755 cattle by an Anaplasma spp. competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and ranged from 44% to 98% and was similar in both regions. While Anaplasma centrale was not targeted in this study, A. marginale infections were identified by species-specific msp1alpha polymerase chain reaction in 129 of 215 of the samples studied. Similar genetic diversity of A. marginale strains was found in both the north-eastern and south-western regions. The sequences of 29 A. marginalemsp1alpha amplicons from South African strains revealed considerable genetic diversity providing 14 new repeat sequences. However, 42% of MSP1a repeat sequences were not unique to this region. These results indicated the presence of common genotypes between South African, American and European strains of A. marginale. Cattle movement between different parts of South Africa was suggested by the presence of identical A. marginale MSP1a genotypes in north-eastern and south-western regions of the Free State Province. Control strategies for anaplasmosis in South Africa should therefore be designed to be protective against genetically heterogeneous strains of A. marginale.     

植被指数估算香格里拉地区植被覆盖度的精度对比分析

利用MOD13Q1数据构建多种植被指数,结合像元二分模型对香格里拉县植被覆盖度进行遥感估算,并通过实测数据和TM影像数据相结合,对估算结果进行精度验证。结果表明:（1）构建的4种植被指数NDVI,EVI,RVI,MSAVI均与研究区实际地表植被覆盖度具有较高的相关性,表明使用遥感方法对香格里拉县进行植被覆盖度的估算是可行的;（2）通过与TM影像进行对比分析,4种植被指数中,利用MSAVI估算的植被覆盖度更接近于香格里拉县的实际情况。     

宝鸡市城市园林绿化实践与思考

宝鸡市在城市园林绿化中,"一张蓝图绘到底",结合城市地貌地形,坚持节约型绿化建设,从规划、建设、管理等方面系统做好城市绿化工作,探讨了西北欠发达地区城市绿化可持续建设发展之路。       

Effect of Kechuanning on airway remodeling and protein level of p-ERK1/2 in lung tissues of asthmatic rats induced by virus

AIM:To investigate the effect of Kechuanning on airway remodeling and the protein level of p-ERK1/2 in lung tissues of asthmatic rats induced by virus. METHODS:The asthmatic rat model induced by respiratory syncytial virus was established. The experimental rats were divided into normal group, asthma model group, low dose (0.33 mL/kg), middle dose (3.0 mL/kg) and high dose (10 mL/kg) of Kechuanning groups, and PD98059 (3 mg/kg) group. The airway responsiveness of the rats was measured by animal ventilator. The pathological changes of the lung tissues were observed by HE staining. PAS staining and Masson staining were used to observe goblet epithelial cells metaplasia and airway collagen deposition. The expression of matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the lung tissues of the rats was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The protein levels of ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 were determined by Western blot. RESULTS:Compared with model group, the airway responsiveness of the rats in middle dose and high dose of Kechuanning groups was significantly decreased (P<0.01), the injury of lung tissues was significantly decreased, the goblet epithelial cells metaplasia and airway collagen deposition were significantly reduced (P<0.01), and the expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the lung tissues was also significantly decreased (P<0.01). In addition, the protein level of p-ERK1/2 in high dose of Kechuanning group was significantly decreased compared with model group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION:Kechuanning may treat asthma by regulating the expression of p-ERK1/2 in the lung tissues and improving the airway remodeling symptoms of asthmatic rats induced by virus.     

新疆地区参考作物腾发量的灰色模型预测

该文依据新疆地区6个站的长序列逐日气象观测资料,基于Penman-Monteith公式计算了逐日参考作物腾发量（ET0）,并应用重标极差法对ET0未来变化趋势进行了分析。运用灰色关联理论计算了各站各气象因子与年ET0间的灰色关联度和关联序。在此基础上,运用灰色系统理论建立灰色不等维递补GM（1,h）模型对6个站的年ET0进行了模拟预测,并与灰色GM（1,1）模型进行了比较。结果表明：各站ET0年内变化均呈抛物线型,4－9月ET0依各站顺序为：若羌＞吐鲁番＞哈密＞喀什＞和田＞伊宁;6站年ET0赫斯特指数均大于0.5,各站未来的趋势与历史呈正相关,依然是波动递减;总体上,平均温度、日照时数、饱和气压差对各站年ET0的影响比较大;灰色不等维递补GM（1,h）模型预测相对误差限为0～7.31%,预测精度明显高于GM（1,1）模型。该研究表明采用灰色模型预测新疆地区参考作物腾发量精度较好。     

小油桐外植体的KN1基因遗传转化及其超量表达的转基因植株

本研究采用农杆菌介导法将KN1基因遗传转化小油桐,并获得了转基因植株。在研究中分析了农杆菌菌液菌液的浓度、侵染时间和外植体的大小对遗传转化效率的影响以及KN1基因超量表达对转基因植株再生的影响。研究结果表明：以苗龄15d左右的小油桐无菌苗子叶为外植体,农杆菌菌液浓度OD600为0.6～0.8时,侵染8min,外植体大小为（0.8×0.8）～（1.0×1.0）mm时,遗传转化效果最好;对抗性芽及再生植株进行GUS及PCR检测结果表明,KN1基因已经整合到小油桐植物基因组中。KN1基因的超量表达可提高小油桐再生芽分化,影响转化芽及植株的外观形态及叶片的表型,包括芽及植株矮小,茎杆粗壮;叶片缩小,边缘分裂,对称性丧失,无子叶柄等。