洱海水质的演变过程及趋势

根据洱海近30年的水质监测资料和1996年洱海主要入湖河流水质监测资料,研究洱海水质时空演变的主要因素。结果表明：1971～1999年洱海水质呈不断恶化趋势,且恶化程度逐渐加强;水质月变化为8月份水质指数最高,5月份水质指数最低。造成这种变化的主要原因是降雨量的增加,形成的地表径流量增大,导致由河流带入湖区的非点源污染物增加;洱海西南部的入湖河流非点源污染严重,污染源主要来自工业废水和生活废水等。通过建立灰色GM(1,1)预测模型,对洱海2000～2010年水质演变趋势进行了预测,以期为今后的水污染防治提供依据。     

浅谈地下车站侧墙大块定型移动模架施工技术

随着城市地铁的飞速发展,地铁车站在条件满足的情况下大都采用明挖法施工。在施工主体侧墙时采用满堂红支架法施工,但因施工时工期较长且易存在一些质量通病,因此,近年来大块定型移动模架被得到了广泛的应用。     

New Design of Pre-amplification Circuit for EEG Signals

In the measurement of EEG signals ,the pre - amplification electrical signal of brain is the most importantant and key link. Whether the design is excellent or inferior is related to the electrical signal detection system of brain directly. The design of this circuit has been paid attention to by domestic and international expert all the time. On the basis of existing biological electricity amplifier which is studied, the authors consult the electric amplifier circuit of living beings designed , such as reference , improve and design a new-type and high performance electrical signal characteristic of brain in . The circuit has prevented the traditional design from enlarging the miscellaneous simulation of the circuit and straining the wave link, otherwise, this circuit is of simple structure , low cost, and convenient debugging. The paper has detailed theoritic analysis and experimental results to prove this circuit, which offered a new train of thought for reseach and development of brain electrical amplifier and other faint biological electricity amplifiers . This curcuit has be expected to win extensive application.     

斐豹蛱蝶的生物学特性及防治初步研究

研究了上海地区斐豹蛱蝶的生物学特性及发生规律,结果表明:该虫1年发生3代,以蛹越冬,1龄~5龄幼虫头壳分别为0.46±0.05、0.76±0.07、1.14±0.11、1.52±0.12和2.16±0.09 mm;1龄~5龄幼虫历期分别为4.88±1.46、34.13±0.83、3.38±1.06、3.13±0.83和4.12±0.75 d。幼虫期总食叶量为6 032.68 mm2,雌雄成虫寿命分别为5.14±0.69d、3.82±0.83 d,。雌雄性比1∶1.23。在室外喷雾3 000倍2.5%高效氯氟氰菊脂、5 000倍20%除虫脲、3 000倍2.5%功夫菊脂和2 000倍1.8%阿维菌素7 d后校正死亡率分别为92.55%,90.98%,82.60%,80.85%。     

秸秆压块机辊口式环模耐磨机理分析与试验

环模秸秆压块机成型过程中,由于秸秆颗粒与环模之间的滑动摩擦,环模模孔磨损十分严重,导致环模使用寿命缩短。以工字型模块组成的立式环模为研究对象,提出在工字型模块喂料端设置辊口式结构,即在工字型腰部上下两翼加工圆孔,孔中装配轴承和插入圆辊。通过相邻圆辊间所构成的辊口压入秸秆颗粒,从而将物料与原模块间因数较大的滑动摩擦变为物料与圆辊间因数较小的滚动摩擦,达到减小模孔磨损的目的。利用有限元软件分析得到改进前和改进后模孔处的磨损率曲线,结果表明:改进前环模最大磨损率0.11μm/s,改进后辊口式环模最大磨损率0.01μm/s,远小于改进前磨损率。通过试验表明所设计的辊口式环模具有减小磨损和延长环模寿命的作用。     

大豆产量与主要农艺性状的灰色关联度分析

采用灰色关联度分析法,对18个大豆品种的产量及农艺性状进行了分析。结果表明:与大豆产量相关的6个主要农艺性状的关联顺序为百粒重粒数有效荚数生育日数株高主茎节数。说明百粒重、粒数、有效荚数和生育日数对大豆产量影响较大,而株高和主茎节数对大豆产量影响较小。     

灭茬刀轴连接盘的落料成型模具设计

模具是机械工业的重要组成部分,其生产的制件具备高精度、高效率和低成本等优点。为此,设计了灭茬刀轴连接盘的冲裁模,选择了冲孔落料倒装式复合模的模具类型,可以一次性完成刀轴连接盘的落料和冲孔,取代了传统多道工序才能完成的落后的生产方式,提高了生产效率,降低了生产成本。     

Trichoderma Biocontrol of Colletotrichum acutatum and Botrytis cinerea and Survival in Strawberry

Trichoderma isolates are known for their ability to control plant pathogens. It has been shown that various isolates of Trichoderma, including T. harzianum isolate T-39 from the commercial biological control product TRICHODEX, were effective in controlling anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum) and grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) in strawberry, under controlled and greenhouse conditions. Three selected Trichoderma strains, namely T-39, T-161 and T-166, were evaluated in large-scale experiments using different timing application and dosage rates for reduction of strawberry anthracnose and grey mould. All possible combinations of single, double or triple mixtures of Trichoderma strains, applied at 0.4% and 0.8% concentrations, and at 7 or 10 day intervals, resulted in reduction of anthracnose severity; the higher concentration (0.8%) was superior in control whether used with single isolates or as a result of combined application of two isolates, each at 0.4%. Only a few treatments resulted in significant control of grey mould. Isolates T-39 applied at 0.4% at 2 day intervals, T-166 at 0.4%, or T-161 combined with T-39 at 0.4% were as effective as the chemical fungicide fenhexamide. The survival dynamics of populations of the Trichoderma isolates (T-39, T-105, T-161 and T-166) applied separately was determined by dilution plating and isolates in the mixtures calculated according to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using repeat motif primers. The biocontrol isolates were identified to the respective species T. harzianum (T-39), T. hamatum (T-105), T. atroviride (T-161) and T. longibrachiatum (T-166), according to internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis.     

安义瓦灰鸡的选育研究

为了更好地保护与利用安义瓦灰鸡,针对其体型外貌和主要生产性能进行了6个世代的选育,使安义瓦灰鸡的灰羽特征更加明显,体形外貌基本一致,主要生产性能有了显著的提高。     

灰色理论在肇庆地区干旱预测中的应用

采用1979~2008年肇庆地区近30年的降水资料,根据《干旱评估标准》,确定肇庆干旱的灾变数据序列,建立GM（1,1）模型,采用最小二乘法求解参数a、b,得到肇庆地区GM（1,1）数列预报模型。经后验差方法检验,预测精度为＂好＂等级,故可用该模型对肇庆地区未来20年可能发生干旱的年份进行预测。预测结果显示,肇庆地区将在2009~2010、2013~2014、2018~2019、2022~2023、2028~2029年期间发生干旱。