Comparison of the Value of Pulsed-field Gel Electrophoresis,Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA and Amplified rDNA Restriction Analysis for Subtyping Taylorella equigenitalis

Eight strains of Taylorella equigenitalis were identified by a polymerase chain reaction using a primer pair specific to the 16S rDNA of T equigenitalis. These eight strains were chosen because they had previously been shown to represent eight distinct genotypes by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis after separate digestion of the genomic DNA with ApaI or NotI. The eight strains could be classified into six or seven types by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis using different kinds of primers. Amplified rDNA restriction analysis after separate digestion with five restriction enzymes, including AluI and MboI, of the 1,500 bp fragments of rDNA amplified by polymerase chain reaction did not discriminate the genomic variations among the eight strains of T equigenitalis. Thus, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was shown to discriminate these eight organisms better than random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis, while amplified rDNA restriction analysis was found to be unsuitable for subtyping T equigenitalis.     

SR92A系黄羽肉鸡与萧山鸡及其杂种后代的DNA指纹分析

本文以EAV(禽内源性反转录病毒片段 )为探针 ,EcoRI为限制性内切酶 ,对萧山鸡、SR92A系及其杂交后代进行了DNA指纹图谱的研究。结果表明 :EAV探针适合于鸡的DNA指纹分析 ,能产生清晰可辩的图谱。平均条带总数为11.384± 0 .84 4 ,两品种间、公母间条带总数均无显著差异。萧山鸡和SR92A系品种内相似系数分别为 0 .5 81、0 .5 11,高于品种间相似系数 (0 .2 31)。杂交后代相似系数为 0 .30 1。     

用RAPD标记分析草地早熟禾遗传多样性

采用RAPD分子标记技术对从美国引进的12份草地早熟禾(Poapra tensis L.)品种的遗传多样性进行分析。结果表明,从60个随机引物中筛选的17个有效引物共扩增出104条带,其中多态性带65条,占总带数的62.5%,平均每个引物扩增出多态性带3.82条;利用NTSY S-PC软件计算品种间Jaccard遗传相似系数(GS),变化范围为0.362~0.971;用非加权组法(UPGMA)聚类分析,建立供试品种的分子系统树状图,以相似系数0.7为标准分为5类,其中新哥来德(NuGlade)、解放者(Liberator)、浪潮(Impact)、午夜(Midnight)、自由Ⅱ(Freedom Ⅱ)、超级伊克利(Total eclipse)和纳苏(Nassau)共7个品种聚为一类,兰神(Nublue)和美洲王(America)聚为一类,其余品种各自为一类;该结果对引进草地早熟禾品种资源评价与利用具有一定的参考价值。     

瘤胃微生物总DNA快速提取法研究

本文介绍了一种简便快速地提取瘤胃微生物细胞总DNA的方法,该法是对提取植物的CTAB法进行改进而成。与经典反复冻融 SDS/蛋白酶K裂解法相比,该法可在数小时内高效地提取瘤胃内容物总DNA,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳对所提取瘤胃微生物总DNA进行检测,证明所获得的瘤胃总DNA符合分子生物学操作要求。     

牛基因组DNA两种提取方法的比较研究

研究哺乳动物基因组DNA的水煮抽提法，并将传统的酚仿抽提法和水煮法进行比较，水煮法即通过对细胞的煮沸和冷却，使细胞破裂、蛋白变性，从而获得用于PCR扩增的模板DNA的方法。通过电泳分析和PCR扩增检测了所提取基因组DNA的完整性、可行性。检测时采用3对引物对2种方法提取的DNA进行了PCR扩增，同时对冷冻保存的基因组DNA也进行了扩增检测。结果表明：水煮法提取基因组DNA是一种快速、简便、经济、高效的方法。     

The Comet assay for detection of DNA damage in canine sperm

Sperm DNA integrity is a fundamental prerequisite in fertilization and embryo development. Among DNA integrity tests, the Comet assay is an accurate and sensitive test for the detection of sperm oxidative damage. The aim of this work was to evaluate sperm oxidative damage using the Comet assay and to study the correlation between Comet and routine assays for the evaluation of semen quality. Dogs were divided in two groups: group A (n = 6), comprising dogs with abnormal spermiogram, that is astheno‐, terato‐ or oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT); and group B (n = 8), comprising normospermic dogs. The distribution of sperm oxidative damage was significantly different between the two groups (p = .001): group A—median: 31.55%, interquartile range (IQR): 30.18–38.01; group B—median: 0.90%, IQR: 0.65–1.96. The correlation between oxidative damage and abnormal morphology was high (r = .846; p < .001). There was a negative correlation between progressive motility and oxidative damage (r = ?.792; p = .001). Basal and oxidative DNA damage of spermatozoa are increased in dogs with non‐normospermic semen. In conclusion, and considering the elevated correlation with classical tests of sperm quality, the Comet assay has ample potential for clinical and research purposes in dogs.     

DNA指纹技术用于湖北白猪群体遗传结构的研究

本文通过人源小卫星探针３３．１５和３３．６,分析长白猪（２０头）、大约克（１４头）、杜洛克猪（２０头）、湖北白猪Ⅲ系（２１头）及Ⅳ系（２１头）、通城猪（１９头）的ＤＮＡ指纹图谱。结果表明：（Ｆ１）在２．５￣２３．０ｋｂ之间,探针３３．１５得到平均指九分别为１１．００、１２．２０、１０．３６、１２．７６、１０．４７、９．７５;探针３３．６的结果分别为９．８９０、９．００、１１．００、８．１８、１０．     

BPA不影响卵母细胞减数分裂相关基因Dazl的甲基化

为了探讨环境雌激素BPA对小鼠卵母细胞减数分裂相关基因Dazl甲基化的影响,本研究通过给孕鼠饮用含有BPA的水方式使胎鼠在发育过程中接触BPA,利用重亚硫酸盐测序法,分析了胎鼠生殖嵴卵母细胞不同发育时期Dazl甲基化水平的变化。结果显示:Dazl在减数分裂期间处于低甲基化水平,无论对照组或处理组均低于10%,说明Dazl的低甲基化对维持减数分裂的正常进行有重要作用;对照组与处理组的甲基化水平相当,差异不显著,说明本研究的BPA浓度不影响卵母细胞Dazl的甲基化水平。     

Immunogenicity of multiple-epitope antigen gene of HCV carried by novel biodegradable polymers

In order to develop a promising vaccine candidate utilizing a combined approach to induce both antibody production and T-cell activity, the DNA fragment containing MA of HCV with five conserved epitopes was synthesized. Two types of HCV vaccine candidates (the DNA type and DNA/polymers) were constructed using MA. PLA-PEG-PLA and PLGA-PEG-PLGA were synthesized and used as micelles with encapsulated plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)-MA. The preparation of copolymers, the cloning and analysis of recombinant plasmid DNA, in vitro expression, and immunogenicity in transgenic mice were evaluated in detail. The results indicated that even single immunization and oral immunization with DNA/polymers achieved satisfying immune responses in vivo tests. As biodegradable and nontoxic triblock copolymers, the novel copolymers demonstrated a great advantage, as they made long-term and single-immunizing vaccines possible; in addition, the copolymers showed a better adjuvant effect and scarcely any side effects.     

利用 HPLC 分析菠萝愈伤组织 DNA 甲基化水平

建立菠萝 DNA 甲基化水平的 HPLC 测定方法，分析菠萝愈伤组织 DNA 甲基化水平变化，为进一步研究菠萝 体细胞无性系变异机理奠定基础。通过对流动相和水解温度等条件的优化，建立菠萝 DNA 甲基化水平的检测方法。结 果表明，分离 C 和 5m-C 的最佳流动相为甲醇∶磷酸二氢钾∶三乙胺为 10∶90∶0.2（V/V），pH 3.0，DNA 的最佳水解 温度为 90 ℃。利用此体系分析菠萝愈伤组织和胚性愈伤组织的 DNA 甲基化变化，结果表明，菠萝愈伤组织在分化过 程中 DNA 总甲基化水平呈动态变化，变化范围为 5.14%~96.86%。此外，胚性愈伤组织甲基化水平低于非胚性愈伤组 织。推测 DNA 甲基化影响菠萝愈伤组织的分化及胚性愈伤组织的形成。