不同营养基质对盆栽广玉兰生长的影响

[目的]研究不同营养基质对盆栽广玉兰生长的影响。[方法]采用不同混合营养基质盆栽广玉兰,测定其形态指标与生理指标。[结果]结果表明,不同混合营养基质对广玉兰新生枝数、生长高度、根颈粗度和茎粗等形态指标影响不同;不同混合营养基质对叶绿素、丙二醛、可溶性糖含量和电导率等生理指标的影响也各不相同。田园土、煤渣、河沙、珍珠岩、鸡粪、玉米芯和花生壳按1.0、0.5、0.5、0.5、1.5、1.5和1.5比例（E）混合的营养基质对广玉兰生长的综合效果最好。[结论]该研究结果为广玉兰生产移栽营养基质的选择和应用提供理论依据。     

基于马尔科夫模型的大凌河流域土地利用/覆被变化趋势研究

本文通过对大凌河流域2010年、2013年和2016年三期遥感影像进行分类,得到流域土地利用分布现状。对分类结果进行叠加分析可以获得大凌河流域2010~2013年的地类转移概率矩阵,再运用马尔科夫原理预测出2016年流域土地利用分布情况,将其与实际情况对比分析,证明马尔科夫模型适用于大凌河流域未来土地利用/覆被变化趋势的预测。进而本文分别对大凌河流域2019年、2022年和2025年的土地利用情况进行预测,发现未来近10年流域建设用地面积持续增长,变化率为38.96%;农林用地面积从2016年开始减少,总体下降了0.77%;水域面积稳定增长,到2022年之后趋于稳定值,变化率为17.21%;旱地及其他未利用地面积继续缩减,到2019年开始趋于稳定,整体下降了1.71%。研究结果明晰了大凌河流域农林用地和建设用地之间的矛盾,可以为流域水土资源管理有关部门提供科学依据。     

Interaction Between Plant Roots and Soil Water Flow in Response to Preferential Flow Paths in Northern China

Preferential flow is expected to provide preferential channels for plant root growth and variations in soil water flow, but few studies were conducted to imply the impacts of these changes, particularly for preferential flow in stony soils. This study aimed to characterize soil water flow and plant root distribution in response to preferential flow paths and quantitatively describe the relation between plant root distribution and soil water flow. Field dye‐tracing experiments centered on experimental plants were conducted to determine the root length density and soil water flow process. Laboratory analyses were performed to characterize changes in the relative concentration of the accumulated effluent and the degree of interaction between plant roots and soil water flow. The amount of fine plant roots with preferential flow paths decreased with increasing soil depth for all experimental plots. The largest plant roots were recorded in the upper soil layers to a depth of 20 cm. The relative concentration of the accumulated effluent increased with time and decreased with soil depth under saturated soil conditions, whereas a distinct early turning point for the relative concentration of the accumulated effluent was observed in the 0–20‐cm soil columns, and the relative concentration of the accumulated effluent initially decreased and then increased with time under unsaturated soil conditions. This study provides quantitative information with which to characterize the interaction between plant roots and soil water flow in response to preferential flow paths in soil–plant–water systems. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于活动苗盘的钵苗脱盘基质损失的试验研究

针对穴盘苗脱盘过程中基质损失导致取苗成功率降低的问题,以活动苗盘所育油菜钵苗为研究对象,选取苗盘锥角角度(7°、9°、11°)、基质压实度(1.0、1.1、1.2)、基质含水率(55%、60%、66%)为试验因素,以苗钵基质损失率为试验指标值,进行正交试验,研究苗钵脱盘过程中各因素对苗钵基质损失率的影响。结果表明:穴盘苗脱盘过程中,苗钵基质平均损失率为3.09%;苗盘锥角角度和基质压实度对基质损失率的影响极显著,基质含水率对基质损失率的影响显著;各因素对苗钵基质损失率影响大小依次为基质压实度、苗盘锥角角度、基质含水率;当苗盘锥角角度为11°、基质压实度为1.2、基质含水率为66%时,苗钵基质损失率最小,为2.62%。     

最佳线性无偏预测估计种畜育种值（BLUP）可视化计算机程序

应用VB6可视化编程软件，设计较先进的最佳线性无偏预测估计种畜育种值（BLUP法）程序，增强了软件的功能，使其更具易用性、广泛性。     

闭式Leontief模型为可行的一个实用的判定程序

设Ｔ是某闭式Ｌｅｏｎｔｉｅｆ投入产出模型的投入矩阵，如果有正向量Ｘ使得Ｘ≥ＴＸ，则称该模型为可行的．本文给出闭式Ｌｅｏｎｔｉｅｆ模型是否可行的一个实用的判定程序．     

Models in vivo of wound healing in the horse and the role of growth factors

Abstract Wound models attempt to simulate the natural healing processes in wounds. However, all models have significant limitations due to the complexity of the tissue repair process. Much can be learned from wound models in vitro by the use of cell culture techniques. The horse can provide a suitable naturally occurring model of chronic wound healing because it has many similarities to wound healing encountered in human medicine. The tissue architecture was investigated with regard to extracellular matrix and growth factor distribution during wound healing and growth factors were consistently present in the wound area. Biochemical investigations revealed increased levels of hydroxyproline, collagen, and TGFβ1 in exuberant granulation tissue. Equine wound models were established in vitro using cell culture techniques and growth factors had significant effects on the growth of the cells and their ability to synthesize collagen. Two gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) were detected in the tissues and wound fluid samples investigated. Zusammenfassung Wundmodelle haben zum Ziel, die natürlichen Heilungsprozesse in Wunden zu simulieren. Allen Modellen sind durch den komplexen Gewebsheilungsprozess deutliche Grenzen gesetzt. Durch die Verwendung von Zellkulturtechniken kann von Wundmodellen in vitro viel abgeleitet werden. Das Pferd stellt wegen der vielen Ähnlichkeiten zur humanmedizinischen Wundheilung ein geeignetes Modell für chronische Wundheilung dar. Die Gewebsarchitektur wurde bezüglich der Verteilung von extrazellulärer Matrix und von Wachtumsfaktoren während der Wundheilung untersucht; Wachtsumsfaktoren waren ständig in der Wunde vorhanden. Biochemische Untersuchungen ergaben erhöhte Hydroxyprolin-, Kollagenund TGFβ1-Spiegel. Wundmodelle beim Pferd in vitro und Zellkulturtechniken wurden entwickelt; Wachstumsfaktoren hatten deutliche Wirkung auf die Zellen und ihre Fahigkeit zur Kollagensynthese. Zwei Gelatinasen (MMP-2 und MMP-9) wurden im Gewebe identifiziert und Wundflüssigkeitsproben untersucht. [Cochrane, C.A. Models in vivo of wound healing in the horse and the role of growth factors. (Wundheilungsmodelle in vivo beim Pferd und die Rolle von Wachstunisfaktoren). Veterinary Dermatology 1997; 8 : 259–272] Resumen Los modelos de heridas intentan estimular el proceso natural de curación de heridas. Sin embargo, todos 10s modelos presentan limitaciones considerables debido a la complejidad del proceso de curación de heridas. Se puede aprender mucho de modelos de heridas in vitro mediante el uso de técnicas de cultivo celular. El caballo puede suponer un modelo natural adecuado de curación crónica de heridas ya que se asemeja a la curación de heridas en medicina humana. Se investigó la arquitectura tisular en referencia a la matriz extracelular y la distribución de factores de crecimento viendo que los factores de crecimiento se encontraban presentes de forma constante en el área de la herida. Las investigaciones bioquímicas revelaron incremento en los niveles de hidroxiprolina, colágeno y TGFbl en tejido de granulación exhuberante. Se establecieron modelos in vitro de heridas equinas utilizando técnicas de cultivo celular y los factores de crecimiento tuvieron efectos significativos en el crecimiento de las células y su capacidad de sintetizar colágeno. Se detectaron dos gelatinasas (MMP-2 y MMP-9) en 10s tejidos y muestras de fluidos de las heridas investigadas. [Cochrane, C.A. Models in vivo of wound healing in the horse and the role of growth factors. (Modelos de curacion de heridas in vivo en el caballo y el papel de 10s factores de crecimiento). Veterinary Dermatology 1997; 8 : 259–272] Résumé Les modèles de plaies tentent de simuler les processus naturels de cicatrisation. Cependant tous les modèles ont des limitations significatives dues à la complexité des processus de réparation des tissus. Beaucoup peut être étudié sur des modèles de plaies in vitro suite à l'utilisation des techniques de culture cellulaire. Le cheval peut constituer un modèle nature1 fiable de cicatrisation chronique de plaie de par les nombreuses similarités qu'il partage avec la cicatrisation des plaies en médecine humaine. L'architecture tissulaire a étéétudiée concernant la matrice extracellulaire et la distribution des facteurs de croissance pendant la cicatrisation, et les facteurs de croissance se sont montrés présents de façon consistante dans la zone de la plaie. Des investigations biochimiques ont révélé une élévation des taux d'hydroxyproline, collagène, et TGFβ1 dans la granulation tissulaire exubérante. Des modèles équins de plaies ont étéétablis in vivo en utilisant des techniques de culture cellulaire et les facteurs de croissance ont montré des effets significatifs sur la croissance des cellules et leur capacité de synthétiser le collagène. Deux gélatinases (MMP-2 et MMP-9) ont été détectées dans les tissus et les échantillons de fluide des plaies ont été analysés. [Cochrane, C.A. Models in vivo of wound healing in the horse and the role of growth factors. (Modeles in vivo de cicatrisation des plaies chez le cheval et role des facteurs de croissance). Veterinary Dermatology 1997; 8 : 259–272]     

钢筋混凝土空间高层框架非线性地震反应分析

首先提出了适用于多重屈服面的Ｚｉｅｇｌｅｒ移动规则与Ｐｒａｇｅｒ移动规则，采用子结构法与高斯消元法相结合，建立了形成空间高层框架广义抗侧移刚度矩阵的计算过程。最后，用一个１５层框筒结构的振动台试验结果与本文方法及程序的计算结果进行了比较。     

层次分析法在确定紫色砂页岩系统各级指标的权重中的应用

本文运用层次分析法（ＡＨＰ法）确定了人工加速风化前紫色砂页岩系统各层次指标的权重，从而为计算系统熵值奠定了基础。     

Dramatic Changes of Matrix Metalloproteinases-7 and Lysozyme in the Ulcerative Colitis of Mice Induced by Dextran Sulfate Sodium

Ulcerative colitis （UC） is a lifelong illness with profound emotional and social impacts, and could cause serious damage to large intestine, especially in colon. However, the pathogenesis of UC remained unclear. The present study attempts to find out the role of matrix metalloproteinases-7 （MMP-7） and lysozyme in the pathogenesis of UC through a mice model induced by dextran sulfate sodium （DSS）. The UC model was evaluated both by disease activity index （DAI） and the intestinal histopathology. The results show that there is a high correlation between the DAI score and the pathological changes of colon. Interleukin-6 （IL-6） serum levels and large intestinal fluids levels in UC mice are always higher than that of the control groups, which might be associated with the degree of the inflammation damage in the colon. The change tendency of the MMP-7 mRNA and protein expressions are both up-regulated firstly and then down-regulated from 1 to 5 d in the colon, but only the MMP-7 protein is up-regulated at 7 d again. The up-regulated MMP-7 levels in the early stage of UC may play a protective role through the activated defensins, while the down-regulated levels in the mid-later stage of UC may be connected with the severe lesions in the colon. However, the up-regulated MMP-7 levels in the later stage of UC in the colon may also contribute to the tissue repair or be served as a marker to CRC （colorectal cancer）. The distribution of lysozyme protein indicates that there may be Paneth-like cells in the colon. Both the changes of MMP-7 and lysozyme in the small intestine may play a protective role for the safe environment of the whole gut, especially to the colon of UC.