Integrating space and time: a case for phenological context in grazing studies and management

In water-limited landscapes, patterns in primary production are highly variable across space and time. Livestock grazing is a common agricultural practice worldwide and a concern is localized overuse of specific pasture resources that can exacerbate grass losses and soil erosion. On a research ranch in New Mexico with average annual rainfall of 217 mm, we demonstrate with a quantitative approach that annual seasons vary greatly and examine foraging patterns in Angus-Hereford (Bos taurus) cows. We define five seasonal stages based on MODIS NDVI: pre-greenup, greenup, peak green, drydown and dormant, and examine livestock movements in 2008. Daily distance traveled by cows was greater and foraging area expanded during periods with higher precipitation. A regression model including minimum NDVI, rainfall and their interaction explained 81% of the seasonal variation in distance traveled by cows (P<0.01). Cows explored about 81 ha·d⁻¹ while foraging, but tended to explore smaller areas as the pasture became greener (greenup and peak green stages). Cows foraged an average of 9.7 h daily and spent more time foraging with more concentrated search patterns as pastures became greener. Our findings suggest that phenological context can expand the capacity to compare and integrate findings, and facilitate meta-analyses of grazing studies conducted at different locations and times of year.     

《农业植物病理学》实验教学方法的探索

介绍了《农业植物病理学》实验教学的概况,指出了存在的问题,提出了相应的解决的对策与建议,并分析了已经取得的成效。     

《园艺植物组织培养学》教学改革的思考与探索

分析了《园艺植物组织培养学》教学中存在的问题,提出了相应的教学改革方案。     

植物有效成分提取分离与鉴定课程实验教学改革探索与实践

针对植物有效成分提取分离与鉴定课程实验传统教学中存在的缺点,从实验教学内容、教学方法和评价体系等方面进行了改革,取得了良好的效果。     

遗传学实验教学改革与实践

从注重实验室建设、精选实验内容、改进实验教学方法、完善考核体系等方面,阐述了遗传学实验教学的改革,并分析了所取得的效果。     

《植物组织培养》实验教学改革与实践

针对《植物组织培养》实验教学存在的问题,从实验教学体系,教学手段以及考核方式等方面进行了一系列改革,并取得了良好的教学效果。     

沼气综合利用试验研究

通过对宁夏隆德县多个农户试验田进行沼液浸种、沼渣和沼液施肥、沼液防治病虫害的试验研究,结果表明：沼液浸种使小麦产量平均增长14．7％,玉米产量平均增长18．0％,小白菜产量平均增长35．0％;用沼液、沼渣施肥比常规施肥使小麦产量平均增长23．3％,蒜苗产量平均增长13．8％,苦苣产量平均增长15．8％;沼液对西芹病虫害的平均防治效果为94．2％,并且使西芹增产29．0％。     

畜牧微生物学实验教学改革探索

对畜牧微生物学实验教学进行了改革探索,主要有提高硬件设施;优化实验教学内容,合理安排实验项目;结合生产生活实际以及学生个性,激发学生学习的兴趣;实施以学生为主体的多种教学方法;提出了新的实验考核方式。通过改革增强了学生学习的主动性,培养了学生的综合能力,进而提高实验教学质量和效果。     

Suspect West Nile virus encephalomyelitis in an imported horse in the UK

This report describes a suspect case of West Nile virus (WNV) encephalomyelitis, reported for the first time in a horse in the UK. The affected gelding had been imported from the Republic of Cyprus and travelled through several WNV endemic areas in Europe before arriving at the premises in Lincolnshire. Clinical signs included muscle fasciculations, weakness of the hindlimbs and transient lip twitching that quickly progressed to depression and recumbency. West Nile virus specific antibodies were detected by serological tests in the absence of a previous history of vaccination. The horse improved clinically 10 days after the onset of disease and fully recovered in 12 weeks. Follow‐ups at 12 and 20 months post event did not reveal any sequela and the horse was performing adequately at novice level. This article refers to the same horse mentioned by Fooks et al. (2014) and it is an extension of the previous published work.     

微生物学实验教学模式改革成效研究

分析了改革前的微生物学实验教学存在的问题,并提出了相关对策。通过实验项目的开设、教学过程的实施及效果三方面的对比,提出了利于学生动手能力、创新能力、分析和解决实际问题能力培养的微生物学实验教学模式。