电针的抗应激性腹泻作用及其与5-HT关系

采用实验动物模型观察了外源性5 HT和实验性应激所致动物腹泻及电针的抗应激性腹泻作用,并研究了应激致泻和电针抗腹泻时动物血清5 HT含量的变化。结果显示:腹腔注射5 HT可致小鼠腹泻,注射5 HT后立即电针显著地抑制了腹泻的发生(P<0 05);约束性应激大鼠绝大多数发生腹泻,血清5 HT含量较阴性对照组极显著升高(P<0 01),电针显著降低了应激所致腹泻的发生率并显著减轻了腹泻的严重程度(P<0 05),但对血清5 HT含量升高未显示出抑制作用。     

浅谈生物化学实验教学改革

生物化学实验是生命科学的一门重要的基础实验课程。通过该课程,学生能验证生化理论课中学到的理论知识,掌握到基本的生化实验技术,增强独立操作实验的能力,从而为今后的生命科学专业课程的学习,甚至未来可能从事的科研工作打下坚实的基础。但在传统的教学模式中,生物化学实验依附于理论教学,其目的仅是为了加深学生对生化理论知识的理解。从培养创新人才、提高教学质量、提高学生实践能力、满足社会对高素质人才的需求出发,生化实验教学的改革势在必行。     

Immune mediated neutropenia in man and animals: a review

Immune mediated neutropenia has been reported in human medical literature with increasing frequency over the past 30 years. A wide variety of causes are known and numerous techniques have been developed to test for the presence of antineutrophil antibody. This paper reviews literature pertaining to the pathogenesis, detection and experimental production of immune mediated neutropenia in man and animals.     

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP): Pathophysiology update and diagnostic dilemmas

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a common autoimmune bleeding disorder. The understanding of ITP pathogenesis is rapidly evolving. We now recognize ITP as a complex and heterogeneous syndrome that results from a combination of humoral and cell‐mediated attacks on platelets peripherally and megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. Autoantibody‐mediated ITP also varies in the pathway used to clear platelets, which depends on the platelet glycoprotein being targeted. Moreover, ITP patients present with variable bleeding severities and treatment responses that do not closely correlate with platelet count. A gold standard diagnostic test for ITP is lacking, and biomarkers to assess disease severity are in their infancy. This review provides an update on the immunopathogenesis of ITP and summarizes currently available tests for ITP diagnosis, prediction of disease severity, and treatment responses. Given the heterogeneous pathogenesis and clinical presentation of ITP, we highlight the need for the development of diagnostic and prognostic tests that would allow for the individualized management of a complex disease.     

植物科学与技术实验教学中心建设与特色分析

从持续推进实验教学示范中心建设出发，分析了实验教学示范中心建设的意义，从培养创新人才的高度，提出以推进实验教学示范中心建设为契机，全面提高实验教学质量，学校多举措加大投入力度，不断推进植物科学与技术实验教学中心的建设。     

Effect of gentamicin on CD3+ T-lymphocyte proliferation for treatment of equine recurrent uveitis: An in vitro study

Objective

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of gentamicin on CD3+ T-lymphocyte proliferation and cell viability using an in vitro cell culture model as a means of investigating the mechanism of action of low-dose intravitreal gentamicin injection.

Animals Studied

Three adult horses with no evidence of ophthalmic or systemic disease.

Procedure

Peripheral blood lymphocytes were treated with gentamicin at concentrations 37.5 μg/mL, 112.5 μg/mL, 187 μg/mL, 375 μg/mL, or 750 μg/mL then stimulated to proliferate with concanavalin A (ConA). 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and carboxyfluoroscein succinimidyl ester (CSFE) were used as markers of cell viability and cell proliferation, respectively. Following 5-day culture, live cell counts and CSFE fluorescent intensity data were collected via automated cell count and flow cytometry. The experimental design was duplicated using preservative-free gentamicin and a proprietary brand formulation. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison test.

Results

No statistically significant comparisons in CD3+ T-lymphocyte live cell counts and geometric mean fluorescent intensity of CSFE were identified between gentamicin concentrations or formulations.

Conclusions

Gentamicin had no effect on equine peripheral blood CD3+ T-lymphocyte cell viability and proliferation in concentrations ranging from “safe” to “retinotoxic” in relation to intravitreal injection volumes. Low-dose intravitreal gentamicin may not suppress the Th1- and Th17-mediated immune response.     

Application of modal-based damage-detection method to locate and evaluate damage in timber beams

Modal-based damage-detection algorithms were used to identify the location of defects commonly found in timber and to estimate their severities. In this study, the authors propose modifications to an existing damage-detection algorithm for locating and evaluating damage by comparing the modal strain energy before and after damage using the first two flexural modes of vibration. Experimental verification was performed on pin-pin supported timber beams by employing the algorithms with extracted modal parameters using experimental modal analysis. Single and multiple cases of damage used to simulate pocket(s) of rot with various severities were inflicted by removing sections of timber beam specimens. The proposed damage indicator, computed from the first two flexural modes, was capable of detecting all damage locations. It was also able to estimate, with reasonable accuracy, the severity of damage in term of loss of sectional moment of inertia. The modified damage index method is generally reliable in detecting the location and estimating the severity of simulated defects in timber beams.     

Subgroups of canine antinuclear antibodies in relation to laboratory and clinical findings in immune-mediated disease

Background:  Autoimmune system diseases in dogs are commonly referred to as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with a positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) test as a hallmark. In human patients, other systemic ANA-positive diseases with overlapping diagnostic features, referred to as SLE-related diseases, are described.  Objectives:  The objective of this study was to investigate whether different patterns of ANA reactivity represent different systemic autoimmune diseases in dogs. Methods:  Dogs with serum positive for ANA by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF-ANA, titer ≥1:100) (n=56) were identified retrospectively from the patient population at the Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Dogs were grouped on the basis of ANA staining patterns, and the results of immunodiffusion tests. Clinical, hematologic, serum biochemical, radiologic, and pathologic examinations were described for each group.  Results:  Dogs with a chromosomal–positive, homogeneous ANA staining pattern (n=14) had clinical signs involving multiple organ systems; 8 dogs were anemic. Dogs with a speckled IIF-ANA staining pattern (n=42) primarily had clinical signs of musculoskeletal disorders, fatigue and fever. Precipitating antibodies by immunodiffusion were found only in dogs with a speckled IIF-ANA staining pattern and comprised 4 different subgroups based on antigen specificity. Conclusions: In dogs with homogeneous IIF-ANA staining, SLE is a probable diagnosis because of the diversity of clinical manifestations and autoantibody reactivity against chromosomal antigens. Dogs with a speckled IIF-ANA pattern may have SLE-related diseases, which, in turn, may be correlated with different immunodiffusion subgroups. These syndromes had overlapping clinicopathologic features, as described for human patients.     

作物栽培学实验课程教学存在的问题与对策

通过剖析作物栽培学实验课程教学中存在的问题,从实验设施条件、课程设置、教学时间、教学手段及实验考核方式等方面论述了作物栽培学实验课程教学改革思路,旨在强化学生的主体地位,提高学生的积极性和创造性、实验技能与动手能力,提升作物栽培学实验课程教学效果和促进学科建设和发展。     

《植物遗传育种学》实验课程教学改革与实践

针对《植物遗传育种学》实验课程教学中存在的问题,应从提高实验指导教师的实践能力、建立实验实训基地、改革实验教学模式、合理安排实验时间等方面进行了一系列的改革,并取得了良好的教学效果,实现了教学目标。