Effects of dietary Bacillus coagulans and yeast hydrolysate supplementation on growth performance,immune response and intestinal barrier function in weaned piglets

The present study investigated the effects of Bacillus coagulans and yeast hydrolysate supplementation on growth performance, immune response and intestinal barrier function of weaned piglets. Twenty-four weaned piglets with an average body weight (BW) of 6.89 ± 0.15 kg were divided into four diets for 28 days. The treatments were basal diet (control), basal diet supplemented with antibiotic (20 mg/kg colistin sulphate and 40 mg/kg bacitracin zinc, AT), probiotics (400 mg/kg Bacillus coagulans ≥5 × 109 CFU/g, BC) or yeast hydrolysate (5000 mg/kg yeast hydrolysate, YH). Average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were improved by AT and YH diets (p < 0.05), while BC diet only increased ADG (p < 0.05). The complement 3 (C3), lysozyme (LZM) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations in serum were increased in BC diet (p < 0.05). Feeding AT and YH caused the increase of jejunal villus height (p < 0.05), and a higher ratio of villus height/crypt depth was observed in AT, BC and YH groups (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in jejunal mucosa was up-regulated by AT, BC and YH diets (p < 0.05). Dietary AT, BC or YH inclusion decreased the interleukin-1β (IL-1β) concentration and TNF-α mRNA expression (p < 0.05), and YH supplementation even down-regulated toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and CD14 expressions (p < 0.05). In summary, the dietary administration of BC or YH both improves growth performance through promoting the intestinal barrier function, indicating both of them can serve as potential alternatives to antibiotics growth promoters for the piglet production.     

不同剂量环磷酰胺对昆明小鼠肝肾组织的损伤作用研究

为研究不同剂量的环磷酰胺对小鼠肝肾组织及功能的损害程度,试验选取40只5周龄健康雌性昆明小鼠,随机分为5组,除对照组外,其余4组小鼠连续3 d分别腹腔注射40、80、120及160 mg/（kg·BW）环磷酰胺溶液,注射后第7天采集肝脏和肾脏组织样品及血清,制备石蜡组织切片及透射电镜切片,观察肝脏和肾脏的组织学变化,检测血清中甘胆酸（CG）、胆碱酯酶（ChE）、血清前白蛋白（PA）、总胆汁酸（TBA）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、尿素氮（BUN）、血清肌酐（SCr）、尿酸（UA）含量/活性。结果显示,环磷酰胺可引起小鼠肝肾组织病理损害,呈剂量依赖性,肝脏比肾脏更早出现损伤。石蜡切片及透射电镜切片观察结果显示,环磷酰胺对肝脏的毒性作用主要表现在肝索紊乱、肝血窦扩张、微胆管淤胆、门管区及中央静脉周围炎性细胞浸润及纤维增生、组织间出血、肝细胞出现脂肪变性及气球样变性,凋亡及坏死细胞增多。肾脏组织损伤主要表现在出血及纤维增生,肾小管上皮细胞胞浆空泡样变、线粒体损伤、核固缩,上皮细胞基底膜增厚。环磷酰胺对膀胱的损害不严重。与对照组相比,40~160 mg/（kg·BW）剂量组小鼠血清中ChE活性及PA水平,120~160 mg/（kg·BW）剂量组AST活性,80~160 mg/（kg·BW）剂量组BUN水平及80 mg/（kg·BW）剂量组UA水平均显著升高（P<0.05）;其余生化指标与对照组差异不显著（P>0.05）。以上结果表明,环磷酰胺注射剂量在80~120 mg/（kg·BW）时可引起昆明小鼠肝脏和肾脏组织及细胞明显的病理损伤。该研究结果可为选择合适的环磷酰胺注射剂量用以制备动物肝脏免疫抑制模型提供试验依据。     

睾丸支持细胞的功能、分离纯化及鉴定研究进展

支持细胞对维持精子形成过程中的微环境起决定作用,它可以通过分泌功能、细胞间连接形成的血睾屏障功能以及吞噬功能等来促进精子的形成过程,其发育异常会导致不同程度的雄性生殖缺陷。基于支持细胞在雄性动物生殖过程中的作用,体外培养高纯度支持细胞可成为研究睾丸两大核心功能-精子发生和性激素分泌功能相关调节机制重要的细胞模型。此外,体外培养睾丸支持细胞也可作为生殖毒理学等新兴热点领域的细胞模型,为评估和研究环境因素对雄性生殖的影响提供便利。因此,作者系统地归纳、总结了目前关于动物支持细胞生物功能的研究及常用的体外分离纯化、培养及鉴定方法,以期为利用动物支持细胞开展雄性生殖领域的研究提供参考。     

基于LLWin3.0控制Fischertechnik模型实例

随着计算机的普及，特别是软件技术的发展，基于电脑控制且充分展示个性化创新实验，成为当今高等学校素质教育的重要方式和发展方向。为此，详细介绍了德国慧鱼公司的专利产品“创意组合模型(fischertechnik)的应用实例。结合LLWin3．0图形化编程技术。为教育行业应用提供了有效的途径。     

Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Reproductive Function of Male Mice with Cadmium Poisoning

The study was aimed to explore the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on the reproductive function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.40 healthy clean grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group (H₂O),cadmium chloride group (2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),sulforaphane group (10 mg/kg SFN),sulforaphane + cadmium chloride group (10 mg/kg SFN+2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),and continuous administration for 10 d,all mice were executed by dislocated cervical vertebra at 2 d after the last administration,and then the pathologic changes of testicular tissues,organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis,sperm quality and concentration of testosterone were tested.Additionally,the contents of GSH and MDA,and the activities of T-SOD in testis were also detected at the same time. Compared with the control group,pathology damages were observed in cadmium chloride group,organ coefficient of testis and epididymis,sperm quality and levels of testosterone extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),the activities of T-SOD and GSH content were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly enhanced (P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the activity of T-SOD and concentration of GSH in sulforaphane group were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the concentration of MDA was not significant different between the control group and sulforaphane group (P>0.05).While compared with the cadmium chloride group,the sperm motility rate and sperm total count in sulforaphane and cadmium chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),the organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis was increased significantly (P<0.05),the concentration of GSH and activity of T-SOD in testicular tissue were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The results indicated that sulforaphane had the protection effect on reproduction function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.     

一类二维加权积分数值求积方法及其误差分析

针对一类二维加权积分的数值计算方法及误差分析进行研究,参照一维广义高斯积分数值求积方法提出一种具有较高代数精度的计算方法并对其误差做分析,同时给出几个简明的结果。这些结果可用到诸如小波分解,图像处理与多分辨数字信号处理等领域。