茄根中总多酚含量的测定

采用改进的Folin-Ciocalteu比色法测定茄根中总多酚的含量。结果表明,对照品标准曲线在0.0096～0.0768mg线性关系良好。茄根的75%乙醇提取物中总多酚的平均含量为0.272%,RSD为0.98%;平均加标回收率为97.47%,RSD为3.64%。     

秸秆生物反应堆对温室茄子光合能力的影响

[目的]研究秸秆生物反应堆技术对温室茄子光合能力的影响。[方法]以温室茄子为研究对象,采用栽培试验和室内测定分析相结合的方法,测定茄子叶片叶绿素含量、光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度等光合指标。[结果]与对照相比,温室茄子叶绿素总量增加28.1%;光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度分别提高15.4%、24.9%、16.5%;蒸腾速率差异不明显。[结论]应用秸秆生物反应堆,可以明显提高温室茄子的光合能力。     

茄子种质资源表型性状筛选与确定

以10份茄子种质资源为试验材料,采用方差分析、因子分析等统计方法,对茄子17个形态指标进行分析评价和筛选。结果表明,10份茄子种质在株型、主茎色、叶形、果色、果形、单果质量等16个性状方面存在显著差异;采用因子分析可将16个表型性状集约于4个主因子上,其中第1个主因子为果实质量、第2个主因子为株型、第3个主因子为果形、第4个主因子为果籽,这4个主因子对变异的累计贡献率为93.727%以上,基本保持了16个表型性状的绝大部分信息。这些研究对简化种质资源评价和提高育种选择效率有着重要的现实意义。     

大气压等离子体处理茄子种子对植株生长和产量的影响

利用大气压等离子体装置对茄子种子进行处理,研究不同电压(4420～6800V)大气压等离子体处理种子后对茄子生长及产量的影响。结果表明:等离子体处理的株高、开展度、根长、根幅以及单果质量、果长等指标均大于对照。处理后的茄子黄萎病发病率均比对照低,总产量均比对照高,产量最高的是处理5、6、7,分别比对照提高11.59%、11.0%和10.03%。     

不同密度和再生方式对嫁接茄子产量的影响?

为了进一步揭示再生对茄子产量的影响,试验以嫁接茄子为试材,采用三种密度(4.1万株/hm~2、4.8万株/hm~2、5.5万株/hm~2),三种再生方式(长截、中截和短截),日光温室吊绳栽培,探讨不同再生方式、密度对产量的影响。研究结果表明:适当密植配合短截再生使茄子根系和茎生长增强,增加了水分和矿质元素的吸收和在植株体内的运输,从而使产量增加。     

弱光对茄子光合系统Ⅱ（PSⅡ）的影响

根据快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学原理,以遮光(光照强度相当于自然光照的40%)15 d 或30 d为处理,以同期生长不遮光(自然光照)为对照,用JIP-测定法分析了弱光对茄子光合系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)结构和功能的影响.遮光使O-J的荧光上升速度明显加快.遮光导致反应中心捕获的激子中用来推动电子传递到电子传递链中超过QA的其它电子受体的激子占用来推动QA还原激子的比率(ψO)、单位叶面积上有活性的反应中心的比例(RC/CSO)、单位面积电子传递的量子产额(ET/CS)和单位叶面积热耗散(DI/CS)降低,但是反映单位反应中心活性的各项比活性参数如ABS/RC、TR/RC、ET/RC、DI/RC值却升高.最大光化学效率(φPo)受弱光影响不大,但以吸收光能为基础的性能指数PIABS和以单位面积为基础的性能指数PICS却分别减少22.76%和25.12%.通过以上结果我们得出如下推断:(1)遮光导致PSⅡ反应中心受体侧QA-往下的电子传递体减少,较多的光能被用来还原QA;(2)长期弱光条件不能满足叶片生长的需要,叶片中生成的PSⅡ反应中心数量减少,并产生了非QB还原反应中心(NQB);(3)在遮光胁迫下性能指数比最大光化学效率(φPo)更敏感,能更准确地反映遮光后PSⅡ光合结构的变化.     

Feasibility of using eggplant (Solanum melongena) stalks in the production of experimental particleboard

This study examined possible feasibility of eggplant (Solanum melongena) stalks in the production of particleboard. Three-layer experimental particleboards with density of 0.53, 0.63, 0.73 and 0.78 g/cm³ were manufactured from eggplant stalks using certain ratios of urea formaldehyde (UF) and melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) adhesives. Modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bond strength (IB), thickness swelling (TS) properties of the boards were evaluated and a statistical analysis was performed in order to examine possible feasibility of these stalks in commercial particleboard manufacturing. The experimental results have shown that production of general purpose and furniture grade particleboard used in dry conditions using eggplant stalks is technically viable. The results of the study demonstrate that eggplant stalks can be an alternative raw material source for particleboard industry.     

Seasonal fluctuation in the population of Leucinodes orbonalis Guen. in the sub-himalayan region of West Bengal, India and its control on eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

Eggplant is one of the most common vegetable crops grown in India and other parts of the world. Leucinodes orbonalis is the key pest infesting eggplant, with international importance as it causes heavy damage in all eggplant growing areas. It is very difficult to control this pest since it feeds inside the shoot and fruit, and there is every possibility of toxic residues remaining in the fruits as they are harvested at frequent intervals and are consumed after little cooking. In the sub-himalayan region of West Bengal, India the pest was found to be most active during summer and the rainy season, particularly during May–August, and caused 49.5–81.0% damage to fruits. Peak infestation (81.0% fruit damage) was noticed in the first week of June (22nd standard week), when the mean temperature, mean relative humidity and weekly rainfall were 27.8°C, 79.2% and 81.2 mm respectively. The pest became less active during winter months particularly in December–January. Borer infestation showed a significant positive correlation (P = 0.05) with maximum and mean temperature, minimum and mean relative humidity and rainfall, whereas with maximum relative humidity the correlation was negative but non-significant. The insecticides evaluated in the field for L. orbonalis control on eggplant revealed that avermectin (Vertimec 1.9 EC; 0.5 ml/l) was the most effective in suppressing dead heart caused by the pest, closely followed by Beauveria bassiana (Biorin 107 conidia/ml; 1 ml/l) and Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Biolep 5 × 107 spores/ml; 1 g/l). Significantly lower levels of fruit damage were recorded after avermectin treatment, closely followed by DDVP (0.05%) (Nuvan 76 SL; 2 ml/3 l) when compared with the untreated control. The other insecticides tested, including a neem formulation (Neemactin 0.15 EC; 2.5 ml/l) and malathion (0.05%) (Malathion 50 EC; 1.0 ml/l), were less effective. None of the insecticides evaluated produced satisfactory results against L. orbonalis. However, avermectin, besides being environmentally safe, was effective for a longer duration and could thus be recommended for Integrated Pest Management programmes on eggplant.     

茄子新品种闽茄3号的选育

闽茄3号是利用自交系W-2-1-6和自交系H-1-2-1为亲本杂交而成的茄子一代杂种。该品种早熟性强,果色深紫红,果纵径30～35cm,横径4～5cm,平均单果质量160g,果肉白、细腻,抗黄萎病、绵疫病,667m2产量3000kg左右,适于早春保护地和春季露地栽培。     

重金属元素铅对茄果类蔬菜生长状况及品质的影响

通过盆栽试验,分析了重金属Pb对6种茄果类蔬菜Vc、还原糖等含量及生长状况的影响,结果表明,在500 mg/kgPb处理下的土壤中,美国大红番茄、紫薇三号茄子表现出了较强的抗性,是优质、高产、耐铅、低积累型的蔬菜品种。研究结果为提高蔬菜品质、控制蔬菜重金属污染提供了科学依据。